linux下mysql安装教程_Linux下Mysql的安装步骤

水深无声 2023-01-11 01:21 214阅读 0赞

(1)、下载安装包

https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86\_64.tar

\[root@localhost local\]\# wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86\_64.tar

\--2018-08-02 18:04:25-- https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86\_64.tar

Resolving dev.mysql.com (dev.mysql.com)... 137.254.60.11Connecting to dev.mysql.com (dev.mysql.com)|137.254.60.11|:443... connected.

HTTP request sent, awaiting response...302Found

Location: https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86\_64.tar \[following\]

\--2018-08-02 18:04:27-- https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86\_64.tar

Resolving cdn.mysql.com (cdn.mysql.com)... 23.36.193.224Connecting to cdn.mysql.com (cdn.mysql.com)|23.36.193.224|:443... connected.

HTTP request sent, awaiting response...200OK

Length:673873920 (643M) \[application/x-tar\]

Saving to: 鈥榤ysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86\_64.tar鈥100%\[========================================================================>\] 673,873,920 191KB/s in53m 15s2018-08-02 18:57:42 (206 KB/s) - 鈥榤ysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86\_64.tar鈥saved \[673873920/673873920\]

\[root@localhost local\]\# ls

bin etc games include lib lib64 libexec mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86\_64.tar sbin share src

\[root@localhost local\]\# mv mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86\_64.tar src/

(2)、解压到/usr/local/下，重命名为mysql

\[root@localhost src\]\# tar xvf mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86\_64.tar -C /usr/local/mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86\_64.tar.gz

mysql-test-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86\_64.tar.gz

\[root@localhost src\]\# cd ../\[root@localhost local\]\# ls

bin include libexec sbin

etc lib mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86\_64.tar.gz share

games lib64 mysql-test-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86\_64.tar.gz src

\[root@localhost local\]\# tar xvf mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86\_64.tar.gz

mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86\_64/bin/myisam\_ftdump

mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86\_64/bin/myisamchk

mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86\_64/bin/myisamlog

mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86\_64/bin/myisampack

\[root@localhost local\]\# mv mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86\_64 mysql

\[root@localhost local\]\# ls

bin games lib libexec mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86\_64.tar.gz sbin src

etc include lib64 mysql mysql-test-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86\_64.tar.gz share

(3)、在mysql下创建数据库文件目录

\[root@localhost local\]\# mkdir mysql/data

(4)、创建mysql用户组和用户，并对mysql目录设置用户组和用户

\[root@localhost local\]\# groupadd mysql

\[root@localhost local\]\# useradd mysql-g mysql

\[root@localhost local\]\# cd mysql/\[root@localhost mysql\]\# chown-R mysql .

\[root@localhost mysql\]\# chgrp-R mysql .

(5)、安装初始化

由于MySQL运行需要libaio库，所以需要运行以下命令进行安装

\[root@localhost mysql\]\# yum install libaio

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror

Loading mirror speedsfromcached hostfile\* base: mirrors.cn99.com\*extras: mirrors.shu.edu.cn\*updates: mirrors.shu.edu.cn

Package libaio-0.3.109-13.el7.x86\_64 already installed and latest version

Nothing todo

\[root@localhost bin\]\# ./mysql\_install\_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/

2018-08-02 19:43:41 \[WARNING\] mysql\_install\_db is deprecated. Please consider switching to mysqld --initialize2018-08-02 19:43:45 \[WARNING\] The bootstrap log isn't empty:

2018-08-02 19:43:45 \[WARNING\] 2018-08-02T11:43:41.811985Z 0 \[Warning\] --bootstrap is deprecated. Please consider using --initialize instead2018-08-02T11:43:41.819990Z 0 \[Warning\] Changed limits: max\_open\_files: 1024 (requested 5000)2018-08-02T11:43:41.820064Z 0 \[Warning\] Changed limits: table\_open\_cache: 431 (requested 2000)

\[root@localhost support-files\]\# ./mysql.server start

Starting MySQL.Logging to'/usr/local/mysql/data/localhost.localdomain.err'.

SUCCESS!

(6)、登录mysql

此版本最新版不许空密码登录，实际上有个初始化密码保存在/root/.mysql\_secret这个文件里面，用这个密码第一次登录后，再修改密码。

\[root@localhost support-files\]\# cat /root/.mysql\_secret

\# Passwordset for user 'root@localhost' at 2018-08-02 22:49:26B\#ipur,uyB>a

\[root@localhost support-files\]\# mysql -uroot -p-bash: mysql: command not found\[root@localhost support-files\]\# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin/mysql

\[root@localhost support-files\]\# mysql -uroot -p

Enter password:

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \\g.

Oracleis a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type'help;' or '\\h' for help. Type '\\c'to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

改mysql的root密码，新密码在此为'123456'

mysql> set password=password('123456');

Query OK,0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

(7)、复制配置文件

查看support-files文件夹的内容，发现并没有my-default.cnf默认的配置文件，如果没有默认的配置文件，需要手动创建一个my-default.cnf配置文件。

\[root@localhost support-files\]\# ls -la

total24drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql mysql 90 Aug 2 19:27.

drwxr-xr-x. 10 mysql mysql 141 Aug 2 19:32..-rw-r--r--. 1 mysql mysql 773 Jun 8 17:56magic-rwxr-xr-x. 1 mysql mysql 1061 Jun 8 18:55mysqld\_multi.server-rwxr-xr-x. 1 mysql mysql 894 Jun 8 18:55 mysql-log-rotate-rwxr-xr-x. 1 mysql mysql 10576 Jun 8 18:55 mysql.server

从网上找了一个配置文件，如下，上传到supp-files文件夹中，当然这个配置文件可以根据需要自行修改

\# For advice on how to change settings please see

\# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html

\# \*\*\* DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE. It's a template which will be copied to the

\# \*\*\* default location during install, and will be replaced ifyou

\#\*\*\*upgrade to a newer version of MySQL.

\[mysqld\]

basedir= /usr/local/mysql

datadir= /usr/local/mysql/data

port= 3306socket= /tmp/mysql.sock

key\_buffer\_size=16M

max\_allowed\_packet=8M

character-set-server=utf8

back\_log= 300max\_connections= 3000max\_connect\_errors= 50table\_open\_cache= 4096\#binlog\_cache\_size=4M

max\_heap\_table\_size=128M

read\_rnd\_buffer\_size=16M

sort\_buffer\_size=16M

join\_buffer\_size=16M

thread\_cache\_size= 16query\_cache\_size=128M

query\_cache\_limit=4M

ft\_min\_word\_len= 8thread\_stack=512K

transaction\_isolation= REPEATABLE-READ

tmp\_table\_size=128M

\#log-bin=mysql-bin

long\_query\_time= 6server\_id=1innodb\_buffer\_pool\_size=1G

innodb\_thread\_concurrency= 16innodb\_log\_buffer\_size=16M

innodb\_log\_file\_size=512M

innodb\_log\_files\_in\_group= 3innodb\_max\_dirty\_pages\_pct= 90innodb\_lock\_wait\_timeout= 120innodb\_file\_per\_table=on

\[mysqldump\]

quick

max\_allowed\_packet=32M

\[mysql\]

no-auto-rehash

connect\_timeout=2\[client\]

port=3306socket= /tmp/mysql.sock

\[root@localhost support-files\]\# cp my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf

\[root@localhost support-files\]\#

\[root@localhost support-files\]\# ./mysql.server start

Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!

(8)、将mysqld服务加入开机自启动项

首先需要将support-files/mysql.server服务脚本复制到/etc/init.d/，并重命名为mysqld。

\[root@localhost support-files\]\# cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

\[root@localhost support-files\]\# ls -la /etc/init.d/total52drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 84 Aug 3 01:04.

drwxr-xr-x. 10 root root 127 Jul 31 17:23..-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 18104 Jan 3 2018functions-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 10576 Aug 3 01:04mysqld-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 4334 Jan 3 2018netconsole-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 7293 Jan 3 2018network-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1160 Apr 11 15:36 README

通过chkconfig命令将mysqld服务加入到自启动服务项中

\[root@localhost support-files\]\# chkconfig --add mysqld

查看是否添加成功

\[root@localhost support-files\]\# chkconfig --list

Note: This output shows SysV services only and does not include native

systemd services. SysV configuration data might be overridden by native

systemd configuration.

If you want to list systemd services use'systemctl list-unit-files'.

To see services enabled on particular target use'systemctl list-dependencies \[target\]'.

mysqld0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off

netconsole0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off

network0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off