02/03_Pytorch安装、Conda安装Pythorch，换源、pytorch官网、验证、安装jupyter、卸载、安装、启动jupyter、配置Jupyter notebook、使用

野性酷女 2023-01-06 15:55 110阅读 0赞

## 1.2.Pytorch安装 ##

### 1.2.1.Conda安装Pythorch，换源 ###

**1 conda添加清华镜像源**  
查看源

conda config --show-sources

由于从官方的conda源中下载速度过于缓慢，我们需要配置清华镜像源：

conda config --add channels https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free/
    conda config --add channels https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main/
    conda config --set show_channel_urls yes

为了保险起见，建议同时添加第三方conda源：

conda config --add channels https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge/
    conda config --add channels https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/msys2/
    conda config --add channels https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/bioconda/
    conda config --add channels https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/menpo/
    conda config --add channels https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/pytorch/
    conda config --set show_channel_urls yes

**2 创建并进入虚拟环境**

conda create -n pytorch
    
    conda activate pytorch

### 1.2.2.pytorch官网 ###

官网开始学习的地址：https://pytorch.org/get-started/locally/；点击相关的内容，可以看到如下的内容：  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3RvdG8xMjk3NDg4NTA0_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center]  
在图片的最下方可以看到Run this Command，这个就是要运行的命令。如上显示的内容（注意：如果下载的慢，就使用-i命令指定清华的源）：

pip install torch===1.7.1 torchvision===0.8.2 torchaudio===0.7.2 -f https://download.pytorch.org/whl/torch_stable.html -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple

选择另外的，可能会出现类似：

NOTE: Python 3.9 users will need to add '-c=conda-forge' for installation
    conda install pytorch torchvision torchaudio cudatoolkit=10.1 -c pytorch （但是这里一定要注意，去掉-c pytorch，安装的时候才会默认从清华源下载相应的包，因此这里用命令行）
    conda install pytorch torchvision torchaudio cudatoolkit=10.1

接着等待安装成功就好了。

### 1.2.3.验证 ###

为了确保PyTorch被正确安装，我们可以运行样例PyTorch代码来验证安装。这里我们将构造一个随机初始化张量。

# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
    
    import torch
    x = torch.rand(5,3)
    print(x)
    
    print(torch.__version__)

结果应该是：

tensor([[0.2966, 0.2469, 0.2908],
            [0.1125, 0.0722, 0.1402],
            [0.4008, 0.0162, 0.7278],
            [0.3127, 0.6203, 0.2005],
            [0.2571, 0.6653, 0.8652]])
    1.7.1+cpu

## 1.3.安装jupyter ##

参考博文：https://blog.csdn.net/yu1014745867/article/details/84191485

Jupyter Notebook(此前被称为IPython notebook)是一个交互式笔记本，支持运行40多种编程语言。

Jupyter Notebook的本质是一个为web应用程序，便于创建和共享程序文档，支持实时代码，数学方程，可视化和markdown

### 1.3.1.卸载、安装、启动jupyter ###

打开Anaconda PowerShell,然后输入：

pip install jupyter

执行效果如下：

(base) PS C:\Users\toto> pip install jupyter
    Requirement already satisfied: jupyter in d:\installed\anaconda3\lib\site-packages (1.0.0)
    Requirement already satisfied: notebook in d:\installed\anaconda3\lib\site-packages (from jupyter) (6.0.1)
    Requirement already satisfied: jupyter-console in d:\installed\anaconda3\lib\site-packages (from jupyter) (6.0.0)
    Requirement already satisfied: ipywidgets in d:\installed\anaconda3\lib\site-packages (from jupyter) (7.5.1)
    Requirement already satisfied: nbconvert in d:\installed\anaconda3\lib\site-packages (from jupyter) (5.6.0)
    Requirement already satisfied: qtconsole in d:\installed\anaconda3\lib\site-packages (from jupyter) (4.5.5)
    Requirement already satisfied: ipykernel in d:\installed\anaconda3\lib\site-packages (from jupyter) (5.1.2)
    Requirement already satisfied: nbformat in d:\installed\anaconda3\lib\site-packages (from notebook->jupyter) (4.4.0)
    Requirement already satisfied: jupyter-client>=5.3.1 in d:\installed\anaconda3\lib\site-packages (from notebook->jupyter) (5.3.3)
    Requirement already satisfied: prometheus-client in d:\installed\anaconda3\lib\site-packages (from notebook->jupyter) (0.7.1)
    Requirement already satisfied: pyzmq>=17 in d:\installed\anaconda3\lib\site-packages (from notebook->jupyter) (18.1.0)
    Requirement already satisfied: jupyter-core>=4.4.0 in d:\installed\anaconda3\lib\site-packages (from notebook->jupyter) (4.5.0)
    Requirement already satisfied: terminado>=0.8.1 in d:\installed\anaconda3\lib\site-packages (from notebook->jupyter) (0.8.2)
    Requirement already satisfied: tornado>=5.0 in d:\installed\anaconda3\lib\site-packages (from notebook->jupyter) (6.0.3)

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3RvdG8xMjk3NDg4NTA0_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 1]  
启动jupyter

(base) PS C:\Users\toto> jupyter notebook

界面效果：

(base) PS C:\Users\toto> jupyter notebook
    [I 12:28:21.470 NotebookApp] The port 8888 is already in use, trying another port.
    [I 12:28:21.533 NotebookApp] JupyterLab extension loaded from D:\installed\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\jupyterlab
    [I 12:28:21.533 NotebookApp] JupyterLab application directory is D:\installed\Anaconda3\share\jupyter\lab
    [I 12:28:21.536 NotebookApp] Serving notebooks from local directory: C:\Users\toto
    [I 12:28:21.536 NotebookApp] The Jupyter Notebook is running at:
    [I 12:28:21.537 NotebookApp] http://localhost:8889/?token=c5fadcb59ade1027bfa184f07ca753f4acb13185241fa6be
    [I 12:28:21.537 NotebookApp]  or http://127.0.0.1:8889/?token=c5fadcb59ade1027bfa184f07ca753f4acb13185241fa6be
    [I 12:28:21.537 NotebookApp] Use Control-C to stop this server and shut down all kernels (twice to skip confirmation).
    [C 12:28:21.760 NotebookApp]
    
        To access the notebook, open this file in a browser:
            file:///C:/Users/toto/AppData/Roaming/jupyter/runtime/nbserver-12424-open.html
        Or copy and paste one of these URLs:
            http://localhost:8889/?token=c5fadcb59ade1027bfa184f07ca753f4acb13185241fa6be
         or http://127.0.0.1:8889/?token=c5fadcb59ade1027bfa184f07ca753f4acb13185241fa6be
    [I 12:31:25.070 NotebookApp] 302 GET /?token=c5fadcb59ade1027bfa184f07ca753f4acb13185241fa6be (127.0.0.1) 1.00ms
    [I 12:31:32.990 NotebookApp] Creating new file in
    [I 12:32:10.919 NotebookApp] Creating new notebook in
    [I 12:32:13.228 NotebookApp] Kernel started: 082a09a5-e52a-40f2-904f-3870a737fdc6
    [I 12:33:14.333 NotebookApp] Saving file at /Untitled1.ipynb

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3RvdG8xMjk3NDg4NTA0_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 2]

### 1.3.2.配置Jupyter notebook ###

**1、命令行输入命令：**

(base) PS C:\Users\toto> jupyter notebook --generate-config
    Writing default config to: C:\Users\toto\.jupyter\jupyter_notebook_config.py
    (base) PS C:\Users\toto>

**2、打开”.jupyter”文件夹，可以看到里面有个配置文件**  
![在这里插入图片描述][20210114231522327.png_pic_center]

**3、修改jupyter\_notebook\_config.py配置文件**  
找到”c.NotebookApp.notebook\_dir=…”,把路径改成自己的工作目录。  
![在这里插入图片描述][2021011423154980.png_pic_center]  
![在这里插入图片描述][20210114231603765.png_pic_center]  
**4、配置完成后，重新jupyter notebook启动即可**  
**5、启动方式：**  
**6、Anaconda–>Anaconda Prompt -->命令行输入：**

jupyter notebook

7、启动后默认的打开路径就是之前配置好的路径啦。

### 1.3.3.使用 ###

**1、运行jupyter notebook**  
**2、需要新建python文件的话，点击New–>Python3**  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3RvdG8xMjk3NDg4NTA0_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 3]

**3、新建后，页面显示如下，菜单栏也出来了，就可以开始编写文件啦。**  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3RvdG8xMjk3NDg4NTA0_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 4]

[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3RvdG8xMjk3NDg4NTA0_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center]: /images/20221119/6b1f0e49799640ea8fef8cac19cb398a.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3RvdG8xMjk3NDg4NTA0_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 1]: /images/20221119/0debab0f81d64f56a242fd225f8b8113.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3RvdG8xMjk3NDg4NTA0_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 2]: /images/20221119/645627ef22fc41f0964ec3adca28a394.png
[20210114231522327.png_pic_center]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210114231522327.png#pic_center
[2021011423154980.png_pic_center]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/2021011423154980.png#pic_center
[20210114231603765.png_pic_center]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210114231603765.png#pic_center
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3RvdG8xMjk3NDg4NTA0_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 3]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/2021011423171721.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3RvdG8xMjk3NDg4NTA0,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70#pic_center
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3RvdG8xMjk3NDg4NTA0_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 4]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210114231748979.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3RvdG8xMjk3NDg4NTA0,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70#pic_center