大数据从入门到实战 - 大数据系统及应用-HDFS实训

た入场券 2023-01-06 14:54 171阅读 0赞

### 大数据从入门到实战 - 大数据系统及应用-HDFS实训 ###

*  一、关于此次实践
 *   *  1、实战简介
     *  2、全部任务
 *  二、实践详解
 *   *  1、第1关：HDFS Java API编程 ——文件读写
     *  2、第2关：HDFS Java API编程——文件上传
     *  3、第3关：HDFS Java API编程 ——文件下载
     *  4、第4关：HDFS Java API编程 ——使用字符流读取数据
     *  5、第5关：HDFS Java API编程 ——删除文件
     *  6、第6关：HDFS Java API编程 ——删除文件夹
     *  7、第7关：HDFS Java API编程 ——自定义数据输入流

***叮嘟！这里是小啊呜的学习课程资料整理。好记性不如烂笔头，今天也是努力进步的一天。一起加油进阶吧！***  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQzNTQzNzg5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center]

# 一、关于此次实践 #

## 1、实战简介 ##

Hadoop是一个由Apache基金会所开发的分布式系统基础架构，可以在不了解分布式底层细节的情况下，开发分布式程序，以满足在低性能的集群上实现对高容错，高并发的大数据集的高速运算和存储的需要。Hadoop支持超大文件（可达PB级），能够检测和快速应对硬件故障、支持流式数据访问、同时在简化的一致性模型的基础上保证了高容错性。因而被大规模部署在分布式系统中，应用十分广泛。  
实验目的

理解HDFS在Hadoop体系结构中的角色；  
熟悉HDFS操作常用的Java API。

## 2、全部任务 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQzNTQzNzg5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQzNTQzNzg5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]

# 二、实践详解 #

## 1、第1关：HDFS Java API编程 ——文件读写 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQzNTQzNzg5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQzNTQzNzg5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]

import java.io.*;
    import java.sql.Date;
    import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
    import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FSDataInputStream;
    import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FSDataOutputStream;
    import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileStatus;
    import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem;
    import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
    
    
    public class hdfs { 
    
        public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { 
            Configuration conf = new Configuration();//configuration类实现hadoop各模块之间值的传递
            FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(conf);  //获取文件系统
            Path file = new Path("/user/hadoop/myfile");        //创建文件
            FSDataOutputStream outStream = fs.create(file); //获取输出流
            outStream.writeUTF("https://www.educoder.net");//可以写入任意字符
            outStream.close();//记得关闭输出流
            FSDataInputStream inStream = fs.open(file);  //获取输入流
            String data = inStream.readUTF();  //读取文件
        }
      }

**评测**  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQzNTQzNzg5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]

## 2、第2关：HDFS Java API编程——文件上传 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQzNTQzNzg5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]

import java.io.*;
    import java.sql.Date;
    import java.util.Scanner;
    import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
    import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FSDataInputStream;
    import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FSDataOutputStream;
    import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileStatus;
    import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem;
    import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
    
    public class hdfs { 
    
          /** * 判断路径是否存在 */
        public static boolean test(Configuration conf, String path) throws IOException { 
            /*****start*****/
            //请在此处编写判断文件是否存在的代码
            try(FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(conf)){ 
                return fs.exists(new Path(path));
            } catch (IOException e){ 
                e.printStackTrace();
                return false;
            }   
            /*****end*****/
        }
    
        /** * 复制文件到指定路径 * 若路径已存在，则进行覆盖 */
        public static void copyFromLocalFile(Configuration conf, String localFilePath, String remoteFilePath) throws IOException { 
            /*****start*****/
            //请在此处编写复制文件到指定路径的代码
    
            Path localPath = new Path(localFilePath);  
            Path remotePath = new Path(remoteFilePath);  
            try (FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(conf)) {  
            fs.copyFromLocalFile(false, true, localPath, remotePath);  
             } catch (IOException e) {   
                e.printStackTrace();  
             }  
    
            /*****end*****/
        }
    
        /** * 追加文件内容 */
        public static void appendToFile(Configuration conf, String localFilePath, String remoteFilePath) throws IOException { 
           /*****start*****/
             //请在此处编写追加文件内容的代码
    
            Path remotePath = new Path(remoteFilePath);  
        try (FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(conf);  
                FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream(localFilePath);) {   
            FSDataOutputStream out = fs.append(remotePath);  
            byte[] data = new byte[1024];  
            int read = -1;  
            while ((read = in.read(data)) > 0) {   
                out.write(data, 0, read);  
            }  
            out.close();  
        } catch (IOException e) {   
            e.printStackTrace();  
        }  
    
            /*****end*****/
        }
    
        /** * 主函数 */
        public static void main(String[] args)throws IOException  { 
            Configuration conf = new Configuration();
    
            createHDFSFile(conf);
    
            String localFilePath = "./file/text.txt";           // 本地路径
            String remoteFilePath = "/user/hadoop/text.txt";    // HDFS路径
            String choice = "";    
    
            try { 
                /* 判断文件是否存在 */
                Boolean fileExists = false;
                if (hdfs.test(conf, remoteFilePath)) { 
                    fileExists = true;
                    System.out.println(remoteFilePath + " 已存在.");
                    choice = "append";      //若文件存在则追加到文件末尾
                } else { 
                    System.out.println(remoteFilePath + " 不存在.");
                    choice = "overwrite";   //覆盖
                }
    
    
                /*****start*****/
                //请在此处编写文件不存在则上传 文件choice等于overwrite则覆盖 choice 等于append 则追加的逻辑
    
                 if (!fileExists) {  // 文件不存在，则上传
                    hdfs.copyFromLocalFile(conf, localFilePath, remoteFilePath);
                    System.out.println(localFilePath + " 已上传至 " + remoteFilePath);
                } else if (choice.equals("overwrite")) {     // 选择覆盖
                    hdfs.copyFromLocalFile(conf, localFilePath, remoteFilePath);
                    System.out.println(localFilePath + " 已覆盖 " + remoteFilePath);
                } else if (choice.equals("append")) {    // 选择追加
                    hdfs.appendToFile(conf, localFilePath, remoteFilePath);
                    System.out.println(localFilePath + " 已追加至 " + remoteFilePath);
                }
    
                /*****end*****/
    
            } catch (Exception e) { 
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    
        //创建HDFS文件
        public static void createHDFSFile(Configuration conf)throws IOException{ 
            FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(conf);  //获取文件系统
            Path file = new Path("/user/hadoop/text.txt");        //创建文件 
            FSDataOutputStream outStream = fs.create(file); //获取输出流
            outStream.writeUTF("hello");
            outStream.close();
            fs.close();
        }
    }

**评测**  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQzNTQzNzg5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6]

## 3、第3关：HDFS Java API编程 ——文件下载 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQzNTQzNzg5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7]

**评测**  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQzNTQzNzg5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8]

## 4、第4关：HDFS Java API编程 ——使用字符流读取数据 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQzNTQzNzg5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9]

**评测**  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQzNTQzNzg5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 10]

## 5、第5关：HDFS Java API编程 ——删除文件 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQzNTQzNzg5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 11]

**评测**  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQzNTQzNzg5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 12]

## 6、第6关：HDFS Java API编程 ——删除文件夹 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQzNTQzNzg5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 13]

import java.io.*;
    import java.sql.Date;
    import java.util.Scanner;
    import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
    import org.apache.hadoop.fs.*;
    
    public class hdfs { 
            /** * 判断目录是否为空 * true: 空，false: 非空 */
        public static boolean isDirEmpty(Configuration conf, String remoteDir) throws IOException { 
            FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(conf);
            Path dirPath = new Path(remoteDir);
            RemoteIterator<LocatedFileStatus> remoteIterator = fs.listFiles(dirPath, true);
            return !remoteIterator.hasNext();
        }
        /** * 删除目录 */
        public static boolean rmDir(Configuration conf, String remoteDir, boolean recursive) throws IOException { 
            FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(conf);
            Path dirPath = new Path(remoteDir);
            /* 第二个参数表示是否递归删除所有文件 */
            boolean result = fs.delete(dirPath, recursive);
            fs.close();
            return result;
        }
        /** * 主函数 */
        public static void main(String[] args) { 
            Configuration conf = new Configuration();
            String remoteDir = "/user/hadoop/dir/";    // HDFS目录
            String remoteDir1 = "/user/hadoop/tmp/";    // HDFS目录
            Boolean forceDelete = false;  // 是否强制删除
    
            try { 
                if ( !isDirEmpty(conf, remoteDir) && !forceDelete ) { 
                    System.out.println("目录不为空，不删除");
                } else { 
                   if ( rmDir(conf, remoteDir, forceDelete) ) { 
                        System.out.println("目录已删除: " + remoteDir);
                   } else { 
                        System.out.println("操作失败");
                   }
                }
    
                if ( !isDirEmpty(conf, remoteDir1) && !forceDelete ) { 
                    System.out.println("目录不为空，不删除");
                } else { 
                    if ( rmDir(conf, remoteDir1, forceDelete) ) { 
                        System.out.println("目录已删除: " + remoteDir1);
                    } else { 
                        System.out.println("操作失败");
                    }
                }
            } catch (Exception e) { 
                e.printStackTrace();
           }
        }
    }

**评测**  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQzNTQzNzg5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 14]

## 7、第7关：HDFS Java API编程 ——自定义数据输入流 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQzNTQzNzg5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 15]

import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
    import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FSDataInputStream;
    import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem;
    import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
    import java.io.*;
    
    public class MyFSDataInputStream extends FSDataInputStream { 
        public MyFSDataInputStream(InputStream in) { 
            super(in);
        }
    
       /** * 实现按行读取 * 每次读入一个字符，遇到"\n"结束，返回一行内容 */
        public static String readline(BufferedReader br) throws IOException { 
            char[] data = new char[1024];
            int read = -1;
            int off = 0; // 循环执行时，br 每次会从上一次读取结束的位置继续读取，因此该函数里，off 每次都从0开始
            while ( (read = br.read(data, off, 1)) != -1 ) { 
                if (String.valueOf(data[off]).equals("\n") ) { 
                    off += 1;
                    return String.valueOf(data, 0, read);
                }
                off += 1;
                return String.valueOf(data, 0, read);
            }
            return null;
        }
        /** * 读取文件内容 */
        public static void cat(Configuration conf, String remoteFilePath) throws IOException { 
            FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(conf);
            Path remotePath = new Path(remoteFilePath);
            FSDataInputStream in = fs.open(remotePath);
            BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));
            FileWriter f = new FileWriter("/tmp/output/text.txt");
            String line = null;
            while ( (line = MyFSDataInputStream.readline(br)) != null ) { 
                f.write(line);
            }
            f.close();
            br.close();
            in.close();
            fs.close();
        }
        /** * 主函数 */
        public static void main(String[] args) { 
            Configuration conf = new Configuration();
           String remoteFilePath = "/user/hadoop/text.txt";    // HDFS路径
           try { 
               MyFSDataInputStream.cat(conf, remoteFilePath);
           } catch (Exception e) { 
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

**评测**  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQzNTQzNzg5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 16]

**Ending！**  
更多课程知识学习记录随后再来吧！

就酱，嘎啦！

![在这里插入图片描述][20200207152559955.png_pic_center]

注：  
人生在勤，不索何获。

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