SpringBoot项目整合RabbitMQ

痛定思痛。 2022-12-29 01:44 185阅读 0赞

前言：

本篇博客主要说明SpringBoot项目如何整合RabbitMQ。

--------------------

## 一。生产者工程 ##

1.在pom.xml文件中导入rabbitmq依赖：

<dependency>
          <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
          <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
      </dependency>

2.application.yml配置文件配置如下：

server:
      port: 8001
    spring:
      rabbitmq:
        host: localhost
        port: 5672
        virtual-host: hello
        username: guest
        password: guest

3.连接rabbitmq配置类如下：

import org.springframework.amqp.core.*;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
    
    @Configuration
    public class RabbitMQConfig { 
       //交换机名称
       public static final String ITEM_TOPIC_EXCHANGE = "item_topic_exchange";
       //队列名称
       public static final String ITEM_QUEUE = "item_queue";
    
       //声明交换机
       @Bean("itemTopicExchange")
       public Exchange topicExchange(){ 
           return ExchangeBuilder.topicExchange(ITEM_TOPIC_EXCHANGE).durable(true).build();
       }
    
       //声明队列
       @Bean("itemQueue")
       public Queue itemQueue(){ 
           return QueueBuilder.durable(ITEM_QUEUE).build();
       }
    
       //绑定队列和交换机
       @Bean
       public Binding itemQueueExchange(@Qualifier("itemQueue") Queue queue,
                                        @Qualifier("itemTopicExchange") Exchange exchange){ 
           return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(exchange).with("item.#").noargs();
       }
    
    }

4.控制器示例代码如下：

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
    
    /** * 发送消息的测试类 */
    @RestController
    public class SendMsgController { 
    
       //注入RabbitMQ的模板
       @Autowired
       private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
    
       /** * 测试 */
       @GetMapping("/sendmsg")
       public String sendMsg(@RequestParam String msg, @RequestParam String key){ 
    
           /** * 发送消息 * 参数一：交换机名称 * 参数二：路由key * 参数三：发送的消息 */
           rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitMQConfig.ITEM_TOPIC_EXCHANGE ,key ,msg);
    
           //返回消息
           return "发送消息成功！";
       }
    }

5.启动类代码如下：

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
    
    @SpringBootApplication
    public class RabbitmqProducerApplication { 
        public static void main(String[] args) { 
            SpringApplication.run(RabbitmqProducerApplication.class,args);
        }
    }

## 二。消费者工程 ##

1.与生产者工程一样，在pom.xml文件中导入rabbitmq依赖

<dependency>
          <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
          <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
      </dependency>

2.application.yml配置文件配置如下：

server:
      port: 8002
    spring:
      rabbitmq:
        host: localhost
        port: 5672
        virtual-host: hello
        username: guest
        password: guest

3.监听队列类代码如下：

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    
    @Component
    public class MyListener { 
    
       /** * 监听某个队列的消息 * @param message 接收到的消息 */
       @RabbitListener(queues = "item_queue")
       public void myListener1(String message){ 
            System.out.println("消费者接收到的消息为：" + message);
        }
    }

4.启动类代码如下：

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
    
    @SpringBootApplication
    public class RabbitmqConsumerApplication { 
        public static void main(String[] args) { 
            SpringApplication.run(RabbitmqConsumerApplication.class,args);
        }
    }

## 三。测试 ##

1.先启动生产者，通过浏览器访问接口发送三条消息进入队列中：

![在这里插入图片描述][20201218191508719.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][20201218191515386.png]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDAwOTQ0Nw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]  
2.打开rabbit管控台，可以查看到新建立的`item_topic_exchange`交换机以及所绑定的`item_queue`队列:

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDAwOTQ0Nw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDAwOTQ0Nw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]

3.查看到`item_queue`队列中有含有三条未消费的消息：

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDAwOTQ0Nw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]  
4.启动消费者，消费者消费消息：

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDAwOTQ0Nw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]  
至此，springboot与rabbitmq消息队列整合成功！

[20201218191508719.png]: /images/20221120/7698a67d147547769c55708a8120accd.png
[20201218191515386.png]: /images/20221120/cc0b5c0789dd4bed990092b9663dc878.png
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[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDAwOTQ0Nw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]: /images/20221120/673832b907824464b6f9ec2624abda1d.png
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[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDAwOTQ0Nw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]: /images/20221120/12ab736b73ef4313af797bf27e062211.png