3.3.1网络原理数据链路层之差错控制（检错编码和纠错编码）-＞（奇偶校验码、CRC循环冗余码、海明码）(转载)

布满荆棘的人生 2022-12-29 00:12 7阅读 0赞

原文链接：[https://blog.csdn.net/weixin\_43914604/article/details/104864783][https_blog.csdn.net_weixin_43914604_article_details_104864783]

本博客为个人学习、研究或者欣赏用，如有侵权，请与我联系删除，谢谢

### **文章目录** ###

*   *  [0.脑图时刻][0.]
     *  [1.为什么会出现差错？][1.]
     *  [2.检验和纠正差错的编码方法][2.]
     *  [（1）关于数据链路层和物理层的编码区别][1]
     *  [（2）冗余编码][2]
     *  [3.检错编码][3.]
     *  [（1）奇偶校验码][1 1]
     *  [（2）循环冗余码（CRC）][2_CRC]
     *  [4.纠错编码（海明码）][4.]
     *  [(1)确定校验码位数r][1_r]
     *  [(2)确定校验码和数据的位置][2 1]
     *  [(3)求出校验码的值][3]
     *  [(4)检错与纠错][4]

--------------------

### **0.脑图时刻** ###

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MzkxNDYwNA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]

### **1.为什么会出现差错？** ###

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MzkxNDYwNA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]

### **2.检验和纠正差错的编码方法** ###

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MzkxNDYwNA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]

**（1）关于数据链路层和物理层的编码区别**

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MzkxNDYwNA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]

**（2）冗余编码**

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MzkxNDYwNA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]

### **3.检错编码** ###

*  关于检验码和纠错码中的奇偶校验码、循环冗余码(CRC)、海明码可参考我之前写的：[校验码（一文带你分析搞懂：奇偶校验码、海明码、CRC码）][CRC]
 *  以下只给出简单的大致图解

**（1）奇偶校验码**

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MzkxNDYwNA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]

**（2）循环冗余码（CRC）**

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MzkxNDYwNA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6]

### **4.纠错编码（海明码）** ###

*  海明码可以发现双比特错误，纠正单比特错误
 *  它的工作过程:  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MzkxNDYwNA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7]

**(1)确定校验码位数r**

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MzkxNDYwNA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8]

**(2)确定校验码和数据的位置**

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MzkxNDYwNA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9]

**(3)求出校验码的值**

*  这一部分参考上面我发的博客链接

**(4)检错与纠错**

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MzkxNDYwNA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 10]  
参考：https://www.bilibili.com/video/av70228743?p=22

[https_blog.csdn.net_weixin_43914604_article_details_104864783]: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43914604/article/details/104864783
[0.]: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43914604/article/details/104864783#0_2
[1.]: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43914604/article/details/104864783#1_4
[2.]: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43914604/article/details/104864783#2_6
[1]: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43914604/article/details/104864783#1_8
[2]: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43914604/article/details/104864783#2_10
[3.]: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43914604/article/details/104864783#3_12
[1 1]: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43914604/article/details/104864783#1_15
[2_CRC]: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43914604/article/details/104864783#2CRC_18
[4.]: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43914604/article/details/104864783#4_20
[1_r]: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43914604/article/details/104864783#1r_24
[2 1]: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43914604/article/details/104864783#2_26
[3]: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43914604/article/details/104864783#3_28
[4]: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43914604/article/details/104864783#4_31
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[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MzkxNDYwNA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: /images/20221120/ac586fcd4a2a47069620999b10000a46.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MzkxNDYwNA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]: /images/20221120/963d0e6c639a45eaaad75e21cff3e558.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MzkxNDYwNA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]: /images/20221120/b72420cb1e33454ba3cccedc50c22e52.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MzkxNDYwNA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]: /images/20221120/c98ff96c2e624bc1a24c353f8f62da89.png
[CRC]: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43914604/article/details/104183321
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