docker 小知识：按条件批量删除容器，镜像

迷南。 2022-12-28 14:03 147阅读 0赞

docker本身没有批量删除的命令，要是容器或者镜像的数量太多，操作比较麻烦

## 解决办法： ##

先查询，在删除，使用xargs传参，将查询到的id，进行删除，达到批量删除的目的。（也可以用\`\` 或者$( )，这两个都是用作命令替换的，也就是出来的结果，是里面命令的执行结果）

## 前提准备： ##

准备部分实验镜像，容器  
查看容器，镜像的命令：

查看容器
    [root@localhost ~]# docker container  ls -a
    CONTAINER ID   IMAGE             COMMAND              CREATED        STATUS                      PORTS                   NAMES
    07ff4d9bb34f   centos:7.8.2003   "/bin/bash"          18 hours ago   Exited (0) 18 hours ago                             infallible_cartwright
    52b17429d6c5   centos:8.2.2004   "/bin/bash"          18 hours ago   Exited (0) 18 hours ago                             vibrant_spence
    6e907e98cabe   centos:7.9.2009   "/bin/bash"          18 hours ago   Exited (0) 18 hours ago                             sleepy_cori
    944060fe0cab   centos:7          "/bin/bash"          18 hours ago   Exited (0) 18 hours ago                             competent_williams
    009f399c688e   centos            "/bin/bash"          18 hours ago   Exited (0) 18 hours ago                             focused_panini
    7ae3dcc48494   ubuntu            "/bin/bash"          19 hours ago   Up 19 hours                 0.0.0.0:49153->80/tcp   web
    99cc9cbb328c   ubuntu            "/bin/bash"          44 hours ago   Exited (127) 44 hours ago                           brave_ellis
    e58f0cc9d8da   ubuntu            "echo hello-world"   44 hours ago   Exited (0) 44 hours ago                             hopeful_cannon
    -a选项显示所有，加-p选项只输出容器ID
    查看镜像
    [root@localhost ~]# docker images （或者docker image ls -a 效果一样）
    REPOSITORY    TAG        IMAGE ID       CREATED         SIZE
    centos        latest     300e315adb2f   9 days ago      209MB
    ubuntu        latest     f643c72bc252   3 weeks ago     72.9MB
    centos        7          8652b9f0cb4c   4 weeks ago     204MB
    centos        7.9.2009   8652b9f0cb4c   4 weeks ago     204MB
    centos        8.2.2004   831691599b88   6 months ago    215MB
    centos        7.8.2003   afb6fca791e0   7 months ago    203MB
    加-p选项 只输出镜像ID

单独删除的命令

docker container rm 容器id 
    #删除容器 可简写： docker rm 容器id
    docker image rm 镜像ID　
    #删除镜像 可简写： docker rmi 镜像ID

注意想要删除镜像，必须先删除使用此镜像的容器，否则会报错（*Error response from daemon: conflict: unable to delete XXX (must be forced) - image is being used by stopped container XXXX*）

## 按条件批量删除容器，镜像 ##

准备的镜像有centos的，也有ubuntu的，现在目的只删除centos的镜像

### 1.批量停止centos容器 ###

[root@localhost ~]# docker container  ls -a |grep centos |awk '{print $1}'  |xargs docker container stop
    07ff4d9bb34f
    52b17429d6c5
    944060fe0cab
    009f399c688e
    使用docker container stop `docker container  ls -a |grep centos |awk '{print $1}'`
    或者docker container stop $(docker container  ls -a |grep centos |awk '{print $1}')
    效果是一样的

此命令第一步是查询所有容器，然后过滤centos的容器，在将过滤出来的容器取出容器ID，最后关闭这些容器。这样就达到了只关闭centos容器的效果。  
（如果需要关闭所有容器，直接执行docker container ls -a -q |xargs docker container stop 就可以了）

### 2.批量删除centos容器 ###

批量删除和批量关闭差不多，就是将命令停止（stop）换成删除（rm）

[root@localhost ~]# docker container  ls -a |grep centos |awk '{print $1}'  |xargs docker container rm
    07ff4d9bb34f
    52b17429d6c5
    944060fe0cab
    009f399c688e

（如果需要删除所有容器，直接执行docker container ls -a -q |xargs docker container rm 就可以了）

### 3.批量删除centos镜像 ###

在删除了镜像创建的容器后，就可以进行删除镜像了  
镜像中有自带的条件查询参数，后面带上条件就好

[root@localhost ~]# docker images 
    REPOSITORY    TAG        IMAGE ID       CREATED         SIZE
    centos        latest     300e315adb2f   9 days ago      209MB
    ubuntu        latest     f643c72bc252   3 weeks ago     72.9MB
    centos        7.9.2009   8652b9f0cb4c   4 weeks ago     204MB
    centos        8.2.2004   831691599b88   6 months ago    215MB
    centos        7.8.2003   afb6fca791e0   7 months ago    203MB
    [root@localhost ~]# docker images  centos
    REPOSITORY   TAG        IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
    centos       latest     300e315adb2f   9 days ago     209MB
    centos       7.9.2009   8652b9f0cb4c   4 weeks ago    204MB
    centos       8.2.2004   831691599b88   6 months ago   215MB
    centos       7.8.2003   afb6fca791e0   7 months ago   203MB

批量删除

[root@localhost ~]# docker images  centos -q |xargs docker  rmi
    Untagged: centos:latest
    Untagged: centos@sha256:5528e8b1b1719d34604c87e11dcd1c0a20bedf46e83b5632cdeac91b8c04efc1
    Deleted: sha256:300e315adb2f96afe5f0b2780b87f28ae95231fe3bdd1e16b9ba606307728f55
    Deleted: sha256:2653d992f4ef2bfd27f94db643815aa567240c37732cae1405ad1c1309ee9859
    Untagged: centos:8.2.2004
    Untagged: centos@sha256:4062bbdd1bb0801b0aa38e0f83dece70fb7a5e9bce223423a68de2d8b784b43b
    Deleted: sha256:831691599b88ad6cc2a4abbd0e89661a121aff14cfa289ad840fd3946f274f1f
    Deleted: sha256:eb29745b8228e1e97c01b1d5c2554a319c00a94d8dd5746a3904222ad65a13f8
    Untagged: centos:7.8.2003
    Untagged: centos@sha256:8540a199ad51c6b7b51492fa9fee27549fd11b3bb913e888ab2ccf77cbb72cc1
    Deleted: sha256:afb6fca791e071c66276202f8efca5ce3d3dc4fb218bcddff1bc565d981ddd1e
    Deleted: sha256:fb82b029bea0a2a3b6a62a9c1e47e57fae2a82f629b2d1a346da4fc8fb53a0b6
    Untagged: centos:7.9.2009
    Untagged: centos@sha256:0f4ec88e21daf75124b8a9e5ca03c37a5e937e0e108a255d890492430789b60e
    Deleted: sha256:8652b9f0cb4c0599575e5a003f5906876e10c1ceb2ab9fe1786712dac14a50cf
    Deleted: sha256:174f5685490326fc0a1c0f5570b8663732189b327007e47ff13d2ca59673db02

删除成功  
利用查询语句获取容器（镜像）ID，在通过传参达到批量删除的效果