Elasticsearch实战（一）：Centos 8 安装 Elasticsearch

一时失言乱红尘 2022-12-28 07:28 187阅读 0赞

### 1、[点击下载][Link 1] ###

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3p0eDExNA_size_18_color_FFFFFF_t_10]

### 2、上传安装包到虚拟机并解压 ###

*  上传至 /usr/local/soft
 *  解压

tar -zxvf elasticsearch-7.9.3-linux-x86_64.tar.gz

*  移动至 /usr/local 文件夹

mv elasticsearch-7.9.3 /usr/local/

### 3、es 目录介绍 ###

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3p0eDExNA_size_18_color_FFFFFF_t_10 1]

*  bin：可执行文件在里面，运行es的命令就在这个里面，包含了一些脚本文件等
 *  config：配置文件目录
 *  JDK：java环境
 *  lib：依赖的jar，类库
 *  logs：日志文件
 *  modules：es相关的模块
 *  plugins：可以自己开发的插件
 *  data：这个目录没有，自己新建一下，后面要用 mkdir data，这个作为索引目录

### 4、设置配置文件参数 ###

配置详解参考：[https://www.cnblogs.com/xiaochina/p/6855591.html][https_www.cnblogs.com_xiaochina_p_6855591.html]

*  config 文件夹中存放着配置文件  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3p0eDExNA_size_18_color_FFFFFF_t_10 2]

#### 编辑 elasticsearch.yml ，在文件最后添加 ####

cluster.name: es-article   #配置elasticsearch的集群名称，默认是my-application。建议修改成一个有意义的名称。
    node.name: es-node-1       #节点名，通常一台物理服务器就是一个节点，es会默认随机指定一个名字，建议指定一个有意义的名称，方便管理
    network.host: 0.0.0.0      #绑定ip地址
    http.port: 9200  	       #暴露的http端口
    transport.tcp.port: 9300   #内部端口
    node.master: true          #主节点
    node.data: true            #数据节点
    path.data: /usr/local/elasticsearch-7.9.3/data   #索引目录
    path.logs: /usr/local/elasticsearch-7.9.3/logs   #日志目录
    cluster.initial_master_nodes: ["es-node-1"]      #集群节点
    #使用head等插件监控集群信息，需要打开以下配置项
    http.cors.enabled: true
    http.cors.allow-origin: "*"

这个为单机配置，之后还会介绍集群配置。

#### jvm.options文件 ####

## JVM configuration
    
    ################################################################
    ## IMPORTANT: JVM heap size
    ################################################################
    ##
    ## You should always set the min and max JVM heap
    ## size to the same value. For example, to set
    ## the heap to 4 GB, set:
    ##
    ## -Xms4g
    ## -Xmx4g
    ##
    ## See https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/heap-size.html
    ## for more information
    ##
    ################################################################
    
    # Xms represents the initial size of total heap space
    # Xmx represents the maximum size of total heap space
    
    -Xms1g
    -Xmx1g
    
    ################################################################
    ## Expert settings
    ################################################################
    ##
    ## All settings below this section are considered
    ## expert settings. Don't tamper with them unless
    ## you understand what you are doing
    ##
    ################################################################
    
    ## GC configuration
    8-13:-XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC
    8-13:-XX:CMSInitiatingOccupancyFraction=75
    8-13:-XX:+UseCMSInitiatingOccupancyOnly
    
    ## G1GC Configuration
    # NOTE: G1 GC is only supported on JDK version 10 or later
    # to use G1GC, uncomment the next two lines and update the version on the
    # following three lines to your version of the JDK
    # 10-13:-XX:-UseConcMarkSweepGC
    # 10-13:-XX:-UseCMSInitiatingOccupancyOnly
    14-:-XX:+UseG1GC
    14-:-XX:G1ReservePercent=25
    14-:-XX:InitiatingHeapOccupancyPercent=30
    
    ## JVM temporary directory
    -Djava.io.tmpdir=${ES_TMPDIR}
    
    ## heap dumps
    
    # generate a heap dump when an allocation from the Java heap fails
    # heap dumps are created in the working directory of the JVM
    -XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError
    
    # specify an alternative path for heap dumps; ensure the directory exists and
    # has sufficient space
    -XX:HeapDumpPath=data
    
    # specify an alternative path for JVM fatal error logs
    -XX:ErrorFile=logs/hs_err_pid%p.log
    
    ## JDK 8 GC logging
    8:-XX:+PrintGCDetails
    8:-XX:+PrintGCDateStamps
    8:-XX:+PrintTenuringDistribution
    8:-XX:+PrintGCApplicationStoppedTime
    8:-Xloggc:logs/gc.log
    8:-XX:+UseGCLogFileRotation
    8:-XX:NumberOfGCLogFiles=32
    8:-XX:GCLogFileSize=64m
    
    # JDK 9+ GC logging
    9-:-Xlog:gc*,gc+age=trace,safepoint:file=logs/gc.log:utctime,pid,tags:filecount=32,filesize=64m

jvm配置这里我采用默认配置，没有修改，可根据自己虚拟机实际情况修改。

### 添加es用户 ###

ES不允许使用root操作es，需要添加用户，操作如下：

useradd esuser
    chown -R esuser:esuser /usr/local/elasticsearch-7.9.3
    su esuser

### 启动es ###

切换到es的 /bin目录下执行：

./elasticsearch

如果出现以下错误：

ERROR: [3] bootstrap checks failed
    [1]: max file descriptors [4096] for elasticsearch process is too low, increase to at least [65535]
    [2]: max number of threads [3795] for user [esuser] is too low, increase to at least [4096]
    [3]: max virtual memory areas vm.max_map_count [65530] is too low, increase to at least [262144]

需要切换到root用户修改配置：

*  修改 /etc/security/limits.conf 文件 添加以下内容：

* soft nofile 65536
    * hard nofile 131072
    * soft nproc 4096
    * hard nproc 4096

# /etc/security/limits.conf
    #
    #This file sets the resource limits for the users logged in via PAM.
    #It does not affect resource limits of the system services.
    #
    #Also note that configuration files in /etc/security/limits.d directory,
    #which are read in alphabetical order, override the settings in this
    #file in case the domain is the same or more specific.
    #That means for example that setting a limit for wildcard domain here
    #can be overriden with a wildcard setting in a config file in the
    #subdirectory, but a user specific setting here can be overriden only
    #with a user specific setting in the subdirectory.
    #
    #Each line describes a limit for a user in the form:
    #
    #<domain> <type> <item> <value>
    #
    #Where:
    #<domain> can be:
    # - a user name
    # - a group name, with @group syntax
    # - the wildcard *, for default entry
    # - the wildcard %, can be also used with %group syntax,
    # for maxlogin limit
    #
    #<type> can have the two values:
    # - "soft" for enforcing the soft limits
    # - "hard" for enforcing hard limits
    #
    #<item> can be one of the following:
    # - core - limits the core file size (KB)
    # - data - max data size (KB)
    # - fsize - maximum filesize (KB)
    # - memlock - max locked-in-memory address space (KB)
    # - nofile - max number of open file descriptors
    # - rss - max resident set size (KB)
    # - stack - max stack size (KB)
    # - cpu - max CPU time (MIN)
    # - nproc - max number of processes
    # - as - address space limit (KB)
    # - maxlogins - max number of logins for this user
    # - maxsyslogins - max number of logins on the system
    # - priority - the priority to run user process with
    # - locks - max number of file locks the user can hold
    # - sigpending - max number of pending signals
    # - msgqueue - max memory used by POSIX message queues (bytes)
    # - nice - max nice priority allowed to raise to values: [-20, 19]
    # - rtprio - max realtime priority
    #
    #<domain> <type> <item> <value>
    #
    
    #* soft core 0
    #* hard rss 10000
    #@student hard nproc 20
    #@faculty soft nproc 20
    #@faculty hard nproc 50
    #ftp hard nproc 0
    #@student - maxlogins 4
    
    # End of file
    
    
    * soft nofile 65536
    * hard nofile 131072
    * soft nproc 4096
    * hard nproc 4096

*  修改 /etc/sysctl.conf 增加 vm.max\_map\_count=262145

# sysctl settings are defined through files in
    # /usr/lib/sysctl.d/, /run/sysctl.d/, and /etc/sysctl.d/.
    #
    # Vendors settings live in /usr/lib/sysctl.d/.
    # To override a whole file, create a new file with the same in
    # /etc/sysctl.d/ and put new settings there. To override
    # only specific settings, add a file with a lexically later
    # name in /etc/sysctl.d/ and put new settings there.
    #
    # For more information, see sysctl.conf(5) and sysctl.d(5).
    
    vm.max_map_count=262145

修改完后 sysctl -p 刷新一下

再次切换到 esuser 进行启动

访问192.168.100.100:9200：  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3p0eDExNA_size_18_color_FFFFFF_t_10 3]

[Link 1]: https://www.elastic.co/cn/downloads/elasticsearch
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[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3p0eDExNA_size_18_color_FFFFFF_t_10 1]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20201215150122582.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3p0eDExNA==,size_18,color_FFFFFF,t_10
[https_www.cnblogs.com_xiaochina_p_6855591.html]: https://www.cnblogs.com/xiaochina/p/6855591.html
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3p0eDExNA_size_18_color_FFFFFF_t_10 2]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20201215150348104.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3p0eDExNA==,size_18,color_FFFFFF,t_10
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3p0eDExNA_size_18_color_FFFFFF_t_10 3]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20201215155538689.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3p0eDExNA==,size_18,color_FFFFFF,t_10