Set Up The Classpath中文官方文档

梦里梦外; 2022-12-27 06:23 13阅读 0赞

[原文地址][Link 1]

### 这里写目录标题 ###

*  设置 Classpath
 *   *  Add A Class-Path Entry To The Manifest
     *  使 Jar 可执行
     *  修改 Classpath: 定义 Classpath 目录前缀
     *  修改 Classpath: 使用 Maven Repository-Style Classpath

# 设置 Classpath #

## Add A Class-Path Entry To The Manifest ##

Maven Archiver 可以将 classpath 添加到你的项目中．这依赖于 配置属性.

<project>
          ...
          <build>
            <plugins>
              <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
                ...
                <configuration>
                  <archive>
                    <manifest>
                      <addClasspath>true</addClasspath>
                    </manifest>
                  </archive>
                </configuration>
                ...
              </plugin>
            </plugins>
          </build>
          ...
          <dependencies>
            <dependency>
              <groupId>commons-lang</groupId>
              <artifactId>commons-lang</artifactId>
              <version>2.1</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
              <groupId>org.codehaus.plexus</groupId>
              <artifactId>plexus-utils</artifactId>
              <version>1.1</version>
            </dependency>
          </dependencies>
          ...
        </project>

清单文件将产生如下的配置：

Manifest-Version: 1.0
        Created-By: Apache Maven ${ maven.version}
        Build-Jdk: ${ java.version}
        Class-Path: plexus-utils-1.1.jar commons-lang-2.1.jar

## 使 Jar 可执行 ##

如果您希望创建一个可执行jar文件，则需要相应地配置Maven Archiver。您需要告诉它使用哪个主类。这是通过配置元素完成的。下面是一个示例pom.xml，它配置为添加类路径并使用fully.qualified.MainClass作为主类:

<project>
          ...
          <build>
            <plugins>
              <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
                ...
                <configuration>
                  <archive>
                    <manifest>
                      <addClasspath>true</addClasspath>
                      <mainClass>fully.qualified.MainClass</mainClass>
                    </manifest>
                  </archive>
                </configuration>
                ...
              </plugin>
            </plugins>
          </build>
          ...
          <dependencies>
            <dependency>
              <groupId>commons-lang</groupId>
              <artifactId>commons-lang</artifactId>
              <version>2.1</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
              <groupId>org.codehaus.plexus</groupId>
              <artifactId>plexus-utils</artifactId>
              <version>1.1</version>
            </dependency>
          </dependencies>
          ...
        </project>

清单文件将产生如下的配置：

Manifest-Version: 1.0
        Created-By: Apache Maven ${ maven.version}
        Build-Jdk: ${ java.version}
        Main-Class: fully.qualified.MainClass
        Class-Path: plexus-utils-1.1.jar commons-lang-2.1.jar

## 修改 Classpath: 定义 Classpath 目录前缀 ##

有时，能够修改类路径是有用的，例如在创建瘦war文件时。这可以通过配置 元素来实现。

project>
      ...
      <build>
        <plugins>
          <plugin>
             <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
             <configuration>
               <archive>
                 <manifest>
                   <addClasspath>true</addClasspath>
                   <classpathPrefix>lib/</classpathPrefix>
                 </manifest>
               </archive>
             </configuration>
          </plugin>
        </plugins>
      </build>
      ...
      <dependencies>
        <dependency>
          <groupId>commons-lang</groupId>
          <artifactId>commons-lang</artifactId>
          <version>2.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
          <groupId>org.codehaus.plexus</groupId>
          <artifactId>plexus-utils</artifactId>
          <version>1.1</version>
        </dependency>
      </dependencies>
      ...
    </project>

清单文件将产生如下的配置：

Class-Path: lib/plexus-utils-1.1.jar lib/commons-lang-2.1.jar

## 修改 Classpath: 使用 Maven Repository-Style Classpath ##

(自从: 2.3, 请看下面)  
有时候，您可能希望在归档文件中包含Maven储存库样式的目录结构。如果你想在你的清单类路径中引用这些目录中的依赖档案，尝试使用 值为’repository’的元素，像这样:

<project>
          ...
          <build>
            <plugins>
              <plugin>
                <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.3</version>
                <configuration>
                  <archive>
                    <manifest>
                      <addClasspath>true</addClasspath>
                      <classpathPrefix>lib/</classpathPrefix>
                      <classpathLayoutType>repository</classpathLayoutType>
                    </manifest>
                  </archive>
                </configuration>
              </plugin>
            </plugins>
          </build>
          ...
          <dependencies>
            <dependency>
              <groupId>commons-lang</groupId>
              <artifactId>commons-lang</artifactId>
              <version>2.1</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
              <groupId>org.codehaus.plexus</groupId>
              <artifactId>plexus-utils</artifactId>
              <version>1.1</version>
            </dependency>
          </dependencies>
          ...
        </project>

[Link 1]: http://maven.apache.org/shared/maven-archiver/examples/classpath.html