linux 常用命令 shell脚本

心已赠人 2022-12-23 03:27 201阅读 0赞

### 查看系统ip ###

ip  a

### 修改系统时间  ###

ntpdate cn.ntp.org.cn

### 停止脚本 ###

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### yum查询可以安装的mail ###

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yum -y install  mailx.x86_64

### 查看脚本执行过程 ###

bash -x ./test.sh

查看文件多少行:

#查看文件多少行
    cat log_20201121.out |wc -l
    
    #查看文件多少行
    wc -l log_20201122.out 
    
    #查看文件多少行(去掉文件名)
    wc -l log_20201122.out |cut -d' ' -f1
    
    #去重后有多少行
     cat log_20201121.out |sort  -u|wc -l

查看文件并显示行号:

cat -n  1.txt

获取文件中第1000行内容

#获取第1000行内容
    
    head -1000 log_20201121.out |tail -1

截取字符串从下标为2的开始截取4位(下标为从0开始 也就是第3位开始截取四位)

[root@iZ2ze38tf0alwkcdb934wmZ log]# a=12345678
    [root@iZ2ze38tf0alwkcdb934wmZ log]# echo  ${a:2:4}
    3456
    [root@iZ2ze38tf0alwkcdb934wmZ log]#

删除文本中包含 aa的这一行

[root@iZ2ze38tf0alwkcdb934wmZ log]# sed -i "/aa/d"   1.txt

生成五个随机密码并输出:

#|tr 表示 把空字符' '  替换为换行'\n'
    [root@iZ2ze38tf0alwkcdb934wmZ log]# echo user{1..5}:pwd$[$RANDOM%9000+1000]abc|tr ' ' '\n' >> 1.txt
    [root@iZ2ze38tf0alwkcdb934wmZ log]# cat 1.txt 
    33333bb
    4444a
    5abab5
    user1:pwd4263abc
    user2:pwd2625abc
    user3:pwd3567abc
    user4:pwd8161abc
    user5:pwd2066abc
    [root@iZ2ze38tf0alwkcdb934wmZ log]#

查看程序安装位置

rpm -ql expect

从文件中读取数据

[root@iZ2ze38tf0alwkcdb934wmZ log]# cat 1.txt 
    123  user1
    456  user2
    [root@iZ2ze38tf0alwkcdb934wmZ log]# read ip user < 1.txt ; echo $ip;echo $user
    123
    user1
    
    [root@iZ2ze38tf0alwkcdb934wmZ log]# while read ip user;do echo $ip;echo $user;done < 1.txt
    123
    user1
    456
    user2
    [root@iZ2ze38tf0alwkcdb934wmZ log]#

添加用户生成公钥

[root@iZ2ze38tf0alwkcdb934wmZ log]# user add yunwei
    -bash: user: command not found
    [root@iZ2ze38tf0alwkcdb934wmZ log]# useradd yunwei
    [root@iZ2ze38tf0alwkcdb934wmZ log]# su - yunwei
    [yunwei@iZ2ze38tf0alwkcdb934wmZ ~]$ ssh-keygen
    Generating public/private rsa key pair.
    Enter file in which to save the key (/home/yunwei/.ssh/id_rsa): 
    Created directory '/home/yunwei/.ssh'.
    Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): 
    Enter same passphrase again: 
    Your identification has been saved in /home/yunwei/.ssh/id_rsa.
    Your public key has been saved in /home/yunwei/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
    The key fingerprint is:
    SHA256:9nlaNfWK5Z5hQ7GZS4b3Rz07gdof1/LR1FxKUmWWpBs yunwei@iZ2ze38tf0alwkcdb934wmZ
    The key's randomart image is:
    +---[RSA 2048]----+
    |              oo=|
    |             ..+ |
    |            .Eo o|
    |             ++O=|
    |        S   .o&oB|
    |       . . .oX B*|
    |          o.+.O=*|
    |           + o.**|
    |          .   o..|
    +----[SHA256]-----+
    
    [yunwei@iZ2ze38tf0alwkcdb934wmZ ~]$ ll -a
    total 24
    drwx------  3 yunwei yunwei 4096 Nov 22 19:02 .
    drwxr-xr-x. 4 root   root   4096 Nov 22 19:01 ..
    -rw-r--r--  1 yunwei yunwei   18 Oct 31  2018 .bash_logout
    -rw-r--r--  1 yunwei yunwei  193 Oct 31  2018 .bash_profile
    -rw-r--r--  1 yunwei yunwei  231 Oct 31  2018 .bashrc
    drwx------  2 yunwei yunwei 4096 Nov 22 19:02 .ssh
    [yunwei@iZ2ze38tf0alwkcdb934wmZ ~]$ cd .ssh/
    [yunwei@iZ2ze38tf0alwkcdb934wmZ .ssh]$ ls
    id_rsa  id_rsa.pub
    [yunwei@iZ2ze38tf0alwkcdb934wmZ .ssh]$ ssh-copy-id root@yourip

免交互生成公私钥

ssh-keygen -P '' -f id_rsa

推送公钥到别的机器

ssh-copy-id root@yourip

远程连接

ssh 'root@yourip'

检查用户是否存在:

id yunwei

删除用户,添加用户

userdel yunwei
    
    useradd yunwei

vim 后执行  :set list

可以查看文件中空字符

vim 显示行号

#vim 文件后 执行
    :set nu

文件内容赋值给数组,并取值获取多少个

[root@iZ2ze38tf0alwkcdb934wmZ gw]# passwd=(`cat /etc/passwd`)
    [root@iZ2ze38tf0alwkcdb934wmZ gw]# echo ${#passwd[*]}
    49
    [root@iZ2ze38tf0alwkcdb934wmZ gw]# echo ${passwd[*]}
    [root@iZ2ze38tf0alwkcdb934wmZ gw]# declare -a

获取所有运行端口

netstat -ntp

查看端口是否运行

Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name    
    tcp        1      0 127.0.0.1:32000         127.0.0.1:50088         CLOSE_WAIT  -                   
    tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:32000         127.0.0.1:31000         ESTABLISHED 20432/wrapper       
    tcp        1      0 127.0.0.1:32000         127.0.0.1:49016         CLOSE_WAIT  -                   
    tcp        0      0 172.17.122.190:22       124.127.76.181:62761    ESTABLISHED 19001/sshd: root@pt 
    tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:31000         127.0.0.1:32000         ESTABLISHED 20434/java          
    tcp        0      0 172.17.122.190:40526    100.100.30.26:80        ESTABLISHED 8376/AliYunDun      
    tcp        0      0 172.17.122.190:50884    172.17.122.191:2049     ESTABLISHED -                   
    tcp        0      1 172.17.122.190:56664    172.17.90.92:2181       SYN_SENT    24029/java          
    [root@iZ2ze38tf0alwkcdb934wmZ gw]# netstat -natp|grep 80
    tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:8080          0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      2619/unicorn master 
    tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:8082          0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      2539/sidekiq 5.2.7  
    tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:8088            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      20434/java          
    tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:8060            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      2417/nginx: master  
    tcp        0      0 172.17.122.190:40526    100.100.30.26:80        ESTABLISHED 8376/AliYunDun      
    [root@iZ2ze38tf0alwkcdb934wmZ gw]# netstat -nltp|grep 80
    tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:8080          0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      2619/unicorn master 
    tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:8082          0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      2539/sidekiq 5.2.7  
    tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:8088            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      20434/java          
    tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:8060            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      2417/nginx: master  
    
    [root@iZ2ze38tf0alwkcdb934wmZ gw]# ss -natp|grep :80

取第一个

ss -natp|grep :80|cut -d' ' -f1

磁盘分区

# lsblk
    
    # fdisk -l

内存使用

free -m
    
    #系统负载
          0
    [root@iZ2ze38tf0alwkcdb934wmZ gw]#uptime

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