Centos 6.4下VirtualBox使用

朱雀 2022-12-20 03:14 114阅读 0赞

最近看写trystack的东西，准备在virtualbox下搭建openstack，virtualbox号称最好用的开源虚拟化软件，以下为安装及使用过程。

# 1.安装环境 #

DELL R710\*1

Centos 6.4 x86\_64

Oracle\_VM\_VirtualBox\_Extension\_Pack-4.2.16-86992.vbox-extpack

VirtualBox-4.2-4.2.16\_86992\_el6-1.x86\_64

# 2.安装步骤 #

## 2.1 安装依赖包 ##

yum install qt qt-x11 gcc kernel-devel
    rpm -ivh http://linux.dell.com/dkms/permalink/dkms-2.2.0.3-1.noarch.rpm

## 2.2 安装VirtualBox ##

rpm -ivh VirtualBox-4.2-4.2.16_86992_el6-1.x86_64
    VBoxManage extpack install Oracle_VM_VirtualBox_Extension_Pack-4.1.4-74291.vbox-extpack

# 3.创建VM #

在这里以创建Centos6 VM为例，VirtualBox可创建的虚拟机类型：

ID:          Other
    Description: Other/Unknown
    ID:          Windows31
    Description: Windows 3.1
    ID:          Windows95
    Description: Windows 95
    ID:          Windows98
    Description: Windows 98
    ID:          WindowsMe
    Description: Windows Me
    ID:          WindowsNT4
    Description: Windows NT 4
    ID:          Windows2000
    Description: Windows 2000
    ID:          WindowsXP
    Description: Windows XP
    ID:          WindowsXP_64
    Description: Windows XP (64 bit)
    ID:          Windows2003
    Description: Windows 2003
    ID:          Windows2003_64
    Description: Windows 2003 (64 bit)
    ID:          WindowsVista
    Description: Windows Vista
    ID:          WindowsVista_64
    Description: Windows Vista (64 bit)
    ID:          Windows2008
    Description: Windows 2008
    ID:          Windows2008_64
    Description: Windows 2008 (64 bit)
    ID:          Windows7
    Description: Windows 7
    ID:          Windows7_64
    Description: Windows 7 (64 bit)
    ID:          WindowsNT
    Description: Other Windows
    ID:          Linux22
    Description: Linux 2.2
    ID:          Linux24
    Description: Linux 2.4
    ID:          Linux24_64
    Description: Linux 2.4 (64 bit)
    ID:          Linux26
    Description: Linux 2.6
    ID:          Linux26_64
    Description: Linux 2.6 (64 bit)
    ID:          ArchLinux
    Description: Arch Linux
    ID:          ArchLinux_64
    Description: Arch Linux (64 bit)
    ID:          Debian
    Description: Debian
    ID:          Debian_64
    Description: Debian (64 bit)
    ID:          OpenSUSE
    Description: openSUSE
    ID:          OpenSUSE_64
    Description: openSUSE (64 bit)
    ID:          Fedora
    Description: Fedora
    ID:          Fedora_64
    Description: Fedora (64 bit)
    ID:          Gentoo
    Description: Gentoo
    ID:          Gentoo_64
    Description: Gentoo (64 bit)
    ID:          Mandriva
    Description: Mandriva
    ID:          Mandriva_64
    Description: Mandriva (64 bit)
    ID:          RedHat
    Description: Red Hat
    ID:          RedHat_64
    Description: Red Hat (64 bit)
    ID:          Turbolinux
    Description: Turbolinux
    ID:          Turbolinux
    Description: Turbolinux (64 bit)
    ID:          Ubuntu
    Description: Ubuntu
    ID:          Ubuntu_64
    Description: Ubuntu (64 bit)
    ID:          Xandros
    Description: Xandros
    ID:          Xandros_64
    Description: Xandros (64 bit)
    ID:          Oracle
    Description: Oracle
    ID:          Oracle_64
    Description: Oracle (64 bit)
    ID:          Linux
    Description: Other Linux
    ID:          Solaris
    Description: Solaris legacy
    ID:          Solaris_64
    Description: Solaris legacy (64 bit)
    ID:          OpenSolaris
    Description: Solaris modern (S10U8+)
    ID:          OpenSolaris_64
    Description: Solaris modern (S10U8+) (64 bit)
    ID:          FreeBSD
    Description: FreeBSD
    ID:          FreeBSD_64
    Description: FreeBSD (64 bit)
    ID:          OpenBSD
    Description: OpenBSD
    ID:          OpenBSD_64
    Description: OpenBSD (64 bit)
    ID:          NetBSD
    Description: NetBSD
    ID:          NetBSD_64
    Description: NetBSD (64 bit)
    ID:          OS2Warp3
    Description: OS/2 Warp 3
    ID:          OS2Warp4
    Description: OS/2 Warp 4
    ID:          OS2Warp45
    Description: OS/2 Warp 4.5
    ID:          OS2eCS
    Description: eComStation
    ID:          OS2
    Description: Other OS/2
    ID:          MacOS
    Description: Mac OS X Server
    ID:          MacOS_64
    Description: Mac OS X Server (64 bit)
    ID:          DOS
    Description: DOS
    ID:          Netware
    Description: Netware
    ID:          L4
    Description: L4
    ID:          QNX
    Description: QNX
    ID:          JRockitVE
    Description: JRockitVE

**创建虚拟机**

VBoxManage createvm --name centos6--ostype RedHat_64 --register --basefolder /var/lib/virtualbox
    设置一些属性：
    VBoxManage modifyvm centos6 --memory 2048 --cpus 2 --ioapic on --vram 16 --acpi on --pae on --hwvirtex on

**创建虚拟硬盘**

VBoxManage createvdi  --filename /var/lib/virtualbox/centos6.vdi --size 8096

**创建硬盘控制器**

VBoxManage storagectl centos6 --name storage_controller_1 --add sata

**挂载虚拟硬盘和光盘**

VBoxManage storageattach centos6 --storagectl storage_controller_1 --type hdd --port 0 --device 0  --medium /var/lib/eucalyptus/virtualbox/centos6.vdi
    VBoxManage storageattach centos6 --storagectl storage_controller_1 --type dvddrive --port 1 --device 0 --medium /var/lib/eucalyptus/virtualbox/centos6.iso

**打开vrde模块，可以用远程桌面连接**

VBoxManage modifyvm centos6 --vrde on

**设置启动顺序**

VBoxManage modifyvm centos6 --boot1 dvd
    VBoxManage modifyvm centos6  --boot2 disk

**配置网络**

VBoxManage modifyvm centos6 --nic1 bridged --cableconnected1 on --nictype1 82540EM --bridgeadapter1 em1 --intnet1 brigh1 --macaddress1 auto

**启动虚拟机**

VBoxHeadless -startvm centos6 &

VM启动后，可通过Windows 远程桌面连接进行安装操作系统。

![Center][]

##      ##

[Center]: /images/20221120/bec82c81081049719ad7649387d4174f.png