QML 使用 Window 自定义简易对话框

拼搏现实的明天。 2022-12-20 02:43 265阅读 0赞

# 1.需求 #

先看看UI效果图，嗯，反正就是一股浓浓的网页风：

![20201110002642766.png][]

*  对话框大小适应内容区域文本，也不排除会放入其他组件； 
 *  按钮区域肯定需要一定的自定义，比如显示隐藏哪些按钮。

# 2.实现 #

因为QML的Dialog会被限定在窗口内，所以我用Window来作为对话框的容器。实现效果如下：

![20201110002438544.png][]

![20201110002452788.png][]

*  大小的适应，我让根组件的高度绑定内容的高度来适应；
 *  内容区域的组件切换，我放了一个Loader\{\}进行动态加载，且初始为一个Text显示文本信息；
 *  按钮区域我只放了一个Row\{\}排列按钮组，通过枚举来控制显示隐藏，暂时没扩展按钮的接口，全都是预先定义好的；
 *  此外还做了按钮焦点切换，弹出居中到屏幕等小功能。

# 3.代码 #

代码链接：[https://github.com/gongjianbo/MyTestCode/tree/master/Qml/TestQml\_20201106\_MyDialog][https_github.com_gongjianbo_MyTestCode_tree_master_Qml_TestQml_20201106_MyDialog]

import QtQuick 2.12
    import QtQuick.Window 2.12
    import QtQuick.Controls 2.12
    
    //测试消息框
    Window {
        id: root
        visible: true
        width: 640
        height: 480
        title: qsTr("Hello World")
    
        Column{
            x:10
            y:10
            spacing: 10
            Button{
                id: btn_1
                text: "Dialog 1"
                onClicked: {
                    dialog1.text+=dialog1.text
                    dialog1.open()
                }
            }
    
            Button{
                id: btn_2
                text: "Dialog 1"
                onClicked: {
                    dialog2.open()
                }
            }
        }
    
        MessageWindow{
            id: dialog1
            title: "这里是标题"
            text: "每次open文本叠加一倍测试高度适应。"
            buttonFlags: MessageWindow.CancelButton
                         |MessageWindow.OkButton
        }
    
        MessageWindow{
            id: dialog2
            text: "测试 buttonFlags 枚举。"
            buttonFlags: MessageWindow.CancelButton
                         |MessageWindow.OkButton
                         |MessageWindow.CloseButton
        }
    
        Component.onCompleted: {
            console.log("enum ok=",MessageWindow.OkButton)
        }
    }

import QtQuick 2.12
    import QtQuick.Window 2.12
    import QtQuick.Controls 2.12
    
    //消息框
    Window {
        id: control
    
        //宽度可以重新设置，宽度根据内容适应
        width: 360
        height: content_loader.height+headerHeight+footerHeight
        //无边框
        flags: Qt.FramelessWindowHint | Qt.Dialog
        //模态
        modality: Qt.ApplicationModal
    
        //默认的Text组件的文本值
        property string text: ""
        //标题
        property alias title: title_text.text
        //背景区域Rectangle
        property alias background: bg_area
        //内容区域Loader加载的组件
        property alias content: content_loader.sourceComponent
        //右上关闭按钮Image
        property alias closeImage: close_img
        //右上关闭按钮MouseArea
        property alias closeMouse: close_mouse
        //标题栏高度
        property alias headerHeight: head_area.height
        //按钮栏高度
        property alias footerHeight: foot_area.height
    
        //按钮枚举，enum貌似是Qt5.10引入的，可替换为int来定义
        enum ButtonFlag{
            CloseButton=1 //关闭按钮
            ,CancelButton=2 //取消按钮
            ,OkButton=4 //确认按钮
        }
        //按钮枚举控制显示/隐藏
        property int buttonFlags: MessageWindow.CloseButton
    
        signal clickCancel()
        signal clickOk()
    
        //适配Dialog的open()接口
        function open()
        {
            control.resetPosition();
            control.show();
            //这里还没有把按钮焦点重置
        }
    
        //恢复位置到屏幕中心
        function resetPosition()
        {
            control.setX((control.screen.width-control.width)/2);
            control.setY((control.screen.height-control.height)/2);
        }
    
        //背景
        Rectangle{
            id: bg_area
            anchors.fill: parent
            color: "white"
            border.color: "lightGray"
    
            //用于拖拽对话框
            MouseArea{
                id: bg_mouse
                anchors.fill: parent
                property point clickPos: Qt.point(0,0)
                property bool dragMoving: false
                onPressed: {
                    dragMoving = true;
                    clickPos  = Qt.point(mouseX,mouseY);
                }
                onReleased: {
                    dragMoving=false;
                }
                onPositionChanged: {
                    if(!dragMoving){
                        return;
                    }
                    control.setX(control.x+mouseX-clickPos.x);
                    control.setY(control.y+mouseY-clickPos.y);
                }
            }
        }
    
        //标题栏 header
        Item{
            id: head_area
            width: parent.width
            //设置标题文本后更高点
            height: title_text.text?50:30
            //预留的标题栏文本
            Text {
                id: title_text
                anchors.centerIn: parent
                color: "#444444"
                font.pixelSize: 16
                font.family: "Microsoft YaHei"
            }
    
            //标题栏关闭按钮
            Image {
                id: close_img
                visible: control.buttonFlags&MessageWindow.CloseButton
                source: "qrc:/close_gray.png"
                anchors{
                    right: parent.right
                    rightMargin: 10
                    verticalCenter: parent.verticalCenter
                }
                width: sourceSize.width
                height: sourceSize.height
    
                MouseArea{
                    id: close_mouse
                    anchors.fill: parent
                    //用close自适应大小会有问题
                    onClicked: control.hide()
                }
            }
        }
    
        //中间内容区域
        Loader{
            id: content_loader
            x: 30
            y: headerHeight
            width: parent.width-60
            height: sourceComponent.height
    
            sourceComponent: Text {
                //width: content_loader.width
                color: "#666666"
                font.pixelSize: 14
                font.family: "Microsoft YaHei"
                wrapMode: Text.WrapAnywhere
                padding: 10
                text: control.text
                verticalAlignment: Text.AlignVCenter
                horizontalAlignment: Text.AlignHCenter
            }
        }
    
        //底部按钮区域 footer
        Item{
            id: foot_area
            width: parent.width
            //显示按钮后更高点
            height: button_row.height + 30
            anchors.bottom: parent.bottom
    
            FocusScope{
                anchors.fill: parent
                focus: true
                Keys.onEscapePressed: control.hide()
    
                //底部按钮行
                Row{
                    id: button_row
                    anchors.centerIn: parent
                    spacing: 20
    
                    //这里反正也没几个按钮，就不把Button单独定义了
                    //因为可能对单个按钮设置文本或者其他样式，Repeater也不用了
                    Button{
                        id: btn_cancel
                        visible: control.buttonFlags&MessageWindow.CancelButton
                        text: "取消"
                        contentItem: Text {
                            text: parent.text
                            color: parent.focus?"white":"#666666"
                            font.pixelSize: 14
                            font.family: "Microsoft YaHei"
                            horizontalAlignment: Text.AlignHCenter
                            verticalAlignment: Text.AlignVCenter
                            elide: Text.ElideRight
                        }
                        background: Rectangle{
                            implicitWidth: 65
                            implicitHeight: 32
                            color: parent.focus?"#4A6FD3":"white"
                            border.color: "#D9D9D9"
                            border.width: parent.focus?0:1
                        }
                        onClicked: {
                            control.hide();
                            control.clickCancel();
                        }
                    }
    
                    Button{
                        id: btn_ok
                        text: "确认"
                        visible: control.buttonFlags&MessageWindow.OkButton
                        //默认焦点为确认
                        focus: true
                        contentItem: Text {
                            text: parent.text
                            color: parent.focus?"white":"#666666"
                            font.pixelSize: 14
                            font.family: "Microsoft YaHei"
                            horizontalAlignment: Text.AlignHCenter
                            verticalAlignment: Text.AlignVCenter
                            elide: Text.ElideRight
                        }
                        background: Rectangle{
                            implicitWidth: 65
                            implicitHeight: 32
                            color: parent.focus?"#4A6FD3":"white"
                            border.color: "#D9D9D9"
                            border.width: parent.focus?0:1
                        }
                        onClicked: {
                            control.hide()
                            control.clickOk()
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

[20201110002642766.png]: /images/20221120/dcb17593a61d45faa80d10c360cc1582.png
[20201110002438544.png]: /images/20221120/5b5648045f444837b19fb800174b6e4c.png
[20201110002452788.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20201110002452788.png
[https_github.com_gongjianbo_MyTestCode_tree_master_Qml_TestQml_20201106_MyDialog]: https://github.com/gongjianbo/MyTestCode/tree/master/Qml/TestQml_20201106_MyDialog