Unity 工具类之简单的音频播放管理框架/仅通过音频名即可播放和停止（音效背景音乐复用AudioSource对象池）

Dear 丶 2022-12-19 06:12 142阅读 0赞

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTQzNjEyODA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

# Unity 工具类 之 简单的音频播放管理框架/仅通过音频名即可播放和停止（音效背景音乐复用AudioSource对象池） #

**目录**

Unity 工具类 之 简单的音频播放管理框架/仅通过音频名即可播放和停止（音效背景音乐复用AudioSource对象池）

一、简单介绍

二、实现原理

三、注意事项

四、效果预览

五、实现步骤

六、关键代码

--------------------

## 一、简单介绍 ##

Unity 工具类，自己整理的一些游戏开发可能用到的模块，单独独立使用，方便游戏开发。

一个音频播放管理类，管理音频的播放和停止，只要传一个音频名字即可实现播放和停止。

## 二、实现原理 ##

1、类似一个音频名播放使用接口：AudioPlayManager.Instance.Play("Click", true);

2、类似一个音频名播放使用接口：AudioPlayManager.Instance.Stop("Click");（当然背景音乐播放使用何必要）

3、AudioSourceManager 类管理 AudioSource 对象池，的获取对象，释放对象等

4、AudioClipManager 读取音频配置文件，加载对应音频资源，管理音频资源

5、简单框架和说明如下

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTQzNjEyODA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

## 三、注意事项 ##

1、如果的音频足够简单，可以 只要两个 AudioSource，固定一个作为背景音乐播放，一个作为音效播放，而可以不用对象池

2、如果你的音频很多，也不是同时马上用到，可以不用马上全加载到内存中，可以使用的时候才加载，常用的才缓存到起来

3、音频的配置文件内容格式多样，可以csv、json ，必要可以在加密数据使用

4、注意，如果使用本例的配置文件形式，因为配置文件的音频路径在后面，分割字符串保存加载路径的时候，一定要吧结尾的 \\n 裁剪掉（namesPaths\[1\].Trim()），不然加载不到资源，这个被坑了很久才发现（打印输出都没有看出，后面复制打印结果粘贴到代码中才发现（粘贴自动回车换行，才恍然大悟，不容易啊）），请注意哈，不要再踩坑了哈

## 四、效果预览 ##

![20201105185505520.gif][]

## 五、实现步骤 ##

1、打开Unity，新建一个空工程

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTQzNjEyODA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

2、在场景中，添加两个按钮，一个Play，一个Stop

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTQzNjEyODA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]

3、在场景中，导入音频资源和配置文件

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTQzNjEyODA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4][]

4、在工程中添加脚本，各司其能，实现音频播放

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTQzNjEyODA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5][]

5、把 TestAudioPlayManager 挂载到场景中，并对应赋值

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTQzNjEyODA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6][]

6、运行场景，效果如上

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTQzNjEyODA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7][]

## 六、关键代码 ##

1、TestAudioPlayManager

using System.Collections;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using UnityEngine;
    using UnityEngine.UI;
    
    public class TestAudioPlayManager : MonoBehaviour
    {
        public Button PlayButton;
        public Button StopButton;
    
        // Start is called before the first frame update
        void Start()
        {
            PlayButton.onClick.AddListener(()=> {
                AudioPlayManager.Instance.Play("Click", true);
            });
    
            StopButton.onClick.AddListener(() => {
                AudioPlayManager.Instance.Stop("Click");
            });
        }
    
       
    }

2、AudioPlayManager

using System.Collections;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using UnityEngine;
    
    public class AudioPlayManager : MonoSingleton<AudioPlayManager>
    {
        AudioSourceManager mAudioSourceManager;
        AudioClipManager mAudioClipManager;
    
        protected override void Awake()
        {
            base.Awake();
            mAudioSourceManager = new AudioSourceManager(this.gameObject);
            mAudioClipManager = new AudioClipManager();
        }
    
    
        public void Play(string audioName,bool isLoop = false) {
    
            Debug.Log(GetType()+ "/Play()/ audioName : "+ audioName);
            SingleClip clip = mAudioClipManager.GetAudioByName(audioName);
            AudioSource source = mAudioSourceManager.GetIdleAudioSource();
            clip?.Play(source, isLoop);
        }
    
        public void Stop(string audioName) {
            Debug.Log(GetType() + "/Stop()/ audioName : " + audioName);
            mAudioSourceManager.Stop(audioName);
        }
    }

3、AudioSourceManager

using System.Collections;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using UnityEngine;
    
    public class AudioSourceManager
    {
        List<AudioSource> allSourcesLst;
        GameObject owner;
    
        public AudioSourceManager(GameObject owner) {
            this.owner = owner;
            Init();
        }
    
        /// <summary>
        /// 初始化列表，并预加载两个 AudioSource
        /// </summary>
        void Init() {
            allSourcesLst = new List<AudioSource>();
    
            for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++)
            {
                AudioSource item = owner.AddComponent<AudioSource>();
                allSourcesLst.Add(item);
            }
        }
    
        /// <summary>
        /// 获得闲置的 AudioSource
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public AudioSource GetIdleAudioSource() {
            //Debug.Log(GetType() + "/GetIdleAudioSource()/");
    
            for (int i = 0; i < allSourcesLst.Count; i++)
            {
                if (allSourcesLst[i].isPlaying == false)
                {
                    return allSourcesLst[i];
                }
            }
    
            AudioSource item = owner.AddComponent<AudioSource>();
            allSourcesLst.Add(item);
    
            return item;
        }
    
        /// <summary>
        /// 释放多余的 AudioSource
        /// 包正列表中不会有太多 AudioSource
        /// </summary>
        public void ReleaseUnnecessaryAudioSource() {
            int tmpCount = 0;
            List<AudioSource> tmpSourceLst = new List<AudioSource>();
            for (int i = 0; i < allSourcesLst.Count; i++)
            {
                if (allSourcesLst[i].isPlaying == false)
                {
                    tmpCount++;
    
                    if (tmpCount > 3)
                    {
                        tmpSourceLst.Add(allSourcesLst[i]);
                    }
                }
            }
    
            for (int i = 0; i < tmpSourceLst.Count; i++)
            {
                AudioSource item = tmpSourceLst[i];
                allSourcesLst.Remove(item);
    
                GameObject.Destroy(item);
            }
    
            tmpSourceLst.Clear();
            tmpSourceLst = null;
        }
    
        public void Stop(string audioName) {
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(audioName)==false)
            {
                for (int i = 0; i < allSourcesLst.Count; i++)
                {
                    if (allSourcesLst[i].isPlaying ==true && allSourcesLst[i].clip.name.Equals(audioName))
                    {
                        allSourcesLst[i].Stop();
                    }
                }
            }
            
        }
    }

4、AudioClipManager

using System.Collections;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using UnityEngine;
    
    public class AudioClipManager 
    {
        const string cfgPath = "AudioClip/AudioClipCfg";
    
        Dictionary<string, string> clipNamePathDic;
        Dictionary<string, SingleClip> clipNameAudioDic;
        string[] clipPathLst;
    
        public AudioClipManager() {
            clipNamePathDic = new Dictionary<string, string>();
            clipNameAudioDic = new Dictionary<string, SingleClip>();
    
            ReadConfig();
            LoadClip();
        }
    
        public SingleClip GetAudioByName(string clipName) {
            SingleClip item = null;
            clipNameAudioDic.TryGetValue(clipName, out item);
            return item;
            
        }
    
        void ReadConfig() {
            string strConfig = Resources.Load<TextAsset>(cfgPath).text;
            string[] linesStr = strConfig.Split('\n');
    
            int clipCount = 0;
            if (int.TryParse(linesStr[0],out clipCount)==true)
            {
                clipPathLst = new string[clipCount];
                for (int i = 1; i <= clipCount; i++)
                {
                    string[] namesPaths = linesStr[i].Split(':');
                    clipNamePathDic.Add(namesPaths[0], namesPaths[1].Trim());
                    clipPathLst[i-1] = namesPaths[1];
                }
            }
        }
    
        void LoadClip() {
    
    
            foreach (var item in clipNamePathDic)
            {
                Debug.Log(GetType() + "/LoadClip()/item.Value == " + item.Value);
                AudioClip clip = Resources.Load<AudioClip>(item.Value);
                SingleClip singleClip = new SingleClip(clip);
                clipNameAudioDic.Add(item.Key, singleClip);
            }       
    
            // clipNamePathDic 这个可能用不上了，可以清空，避免一直占用内存
            clipNamePathDic.Clear();
            clipNamePathDic = null;
        }
    }

5、SingleClip

using System.Collections;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using UnityEngine;
    
    public class SingleClip
    {
        AudioClip clip;
    
        public SingleClip(AudioClip clip) {
            this.clip = clip;
        }
    
        public void Play(AudioSource audioSource,bool isLoop=false) {
            audioSource.clip = clip;
            audioSource.loop = isLoop;
            audioSource.Play();
        }
    }

6、AudioClipCfg

3
    ChangePage:AudioClip/ChangePage
    Click:AudioClip/Click
    Hover:AudioClip/Hover

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