51单片机（V51）————静态数码管和动态数码管

落日映苍穹つ 2022-12-10 15:55 527阅读 0赞

### 51单片机（V51）————静态数码管和动态数码管 ###

*  一、基本知识
 *   *  （1）锁存
     *  （2）电路图看段选和位选
     *  （3）共阳极数码管与共阴极数码管
 *  二、静态数码管
 *  三、动态数码管

# 一、基本知识 #

## （1）锁存 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][20200927162702873.png_pic_center]

**锁存芯片的作用：保存上一状态值先给他赋值1，【使能端为高】，让我们要显示的数值通过，再给他赋值0，【使能端为低】，就可以锁住数值**

## （2）电路图看段选和位选 ##

**在BSTV51单片机中 P2^6 这个串口是段选，控制那一个数字的具体显示，可根据字形表对应输出 P2^7 是位选，选择控制要哪一位亮灯**  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NoaW5lc2Vrb2Jl_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center]

## （3）共阳极数码管与共阴极数码管 ##

*  共阴极–输出低电平0，点亮
 *  共阳极–输出高电平点亮
 *  共有十个引脚，2个接地GND  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][20200927163322651.png_pic_center]

# 二、静态数码管 #

*  静态显示的连接方式、静态显示的优缺点（优点：不需要动态刷新；缺点：占用IO口线多）
 *  动态显示的连接方式（所有位数码管的段选线并联在一起，由 位选线控制是哪一位数码管有效）、动态显示的优缺点（缺点：需要动态刷新；优点：占用IO口线少）

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NoaW5lc2Vrb2Jl_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 1]

#include<reg52.h>
    
    sbit DUAN = P2^6;
    sbit WEI  = P2^7;
    
    
    
    void main()
    {
        
    	P0 = 0x7d; // 1111 1110
    	DUAN = 1;
    	DUAN = 0;
    
    	P0 = 0x00; 
    	WEI = 1;
    	WEI = 0;
    
    /*	P0 = 0x7c; // 1111 1110
    	DUAN = 1;
    	DUAN = 0;
    
    	P0 = 0xfd; 
    	WEI = 1;
    	WEI = 0;	  */
    	 
    }

# 三、动态数码管 #

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NoaW5lc2Vrb2Jl_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 2]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NoaW5lc2Vrb2Jl_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 3]  
**用延迟函数**

#include<reg52.h>
    sbit DUAN = P2^6;
    sbit WEI  = P2^7;
    
    void delay(unsigned int xms)
    {
        
    	unsigned int i,j;
    	for(i=xms;i>0;i--)
    		for(j=112;j>0;j--);
    }
    
    unsigned code sz[17] = {
         0x3f,0x06,0x5b,0x4f,0x66,0x6d,
      						 0x7d,0x07,0x7f,0x6f,0x77,0x7c,
    						 0x39,0x5e,0x79,0x71,0x00
    };
    void main()
    {
        
    	while(1)
    	{
        
    		P0 = sz[1];		// 数字1
    		DUAN = 1;		// 一端上电
    		DUAN = 0;		//	 断开
    		P0 = 0xfe;
    		WEI  = 1;		//	另一端上高电平
    		WEI  = 0;		//	另一端断开
    		delay(200);
    
    		P0 = sz[2];		// 数字2
    		DUAN = 1;
    		DUAN = 0;
    		P0 = 0xfd;
    		WEI  = 1;
    		WEI  = 0;
    		delay(200);
    
    		P0 = sz[3];		// 数字3
    		DUAN = 1;
    		DUAN = 0;
    		P0 = 0xfb;
    		WEI  = 1;
    		WEI  = 0;
    		delay(200);
    
    		P0 = sz[4];		// 数字4   
    		DUAN = 1;
    		DUAN = 0;
    		P0 = 0xf7;
    		WEI  = 1;
    		WEI  = 0;
    		delay(200);
    
    		P0 = sz[5];		// 数字5
    		DUAN = 1;
    		DUAN = 0;
    		P0 = 0xef;
    		WEI  = 1;
    		WEI  = 0;
    		delay(200);
    
    		P0 = sz[6];		// 数字6	 
    		DUAN = 1;
    		DUAN = 0;
    		P0 = 0xdf;
    		WEI  = 1;
    		WEI  = 0;
    		delay(200);
    
    		P0 = sz[7];		// 数字7
    		DUAN = 1;
    		DUAN = 0;
    		P0 = 0xbf;
    		WEI  = 1;
    		WEI  = 0;
    		delay(200);
    
    		P0 = sz[8];		// 数字8
    		DUAN = 1;
    		DUAN = 0;
    		P0 = 0x7f;
    		WEI  = 1;
    		WEI  = 0;
    		delay(200);
    
    		P0 = sz[8];		// 数字8
    		DUAN = 1;
    		DUAN = 0;
    		P0 = 0x7f;
    		WEI  = 1;
    		WEI  = 0;
    		delay(200);
    
    		P0 = sz[7];		// 数字7
    		DUAN = 1;
    		DUAN = 0;
    		P0 = 0xbf;
    		WEI  = 1;
    		WEI  = 0;
    		delay(200);
    
    		P0 = sz[6];		// 数字6	 
    		DUAN = 1;
    		DUAN = 0;
    		P0 = 0xdf;
    		WEI  = 1;
    		WEI  = 0;
    		delay(200);
    
    		P0 = sz[5];		// 数字5
    		DUAN = 1;
    		DUAN = 0;
    		P0 = 0xef;
    		WEI  = 1;
    		WEI  = 0;
    		delay(200);
    
    		P0 = sz[4];		// 数字4   
    		DUAN = 1;
    		DUAN = 0;
    		P0 = 0xf7;
    		WEI  = 1;
    		WEI  = 0;
    		delay(200);
    
    		P0 = sz[3];		// 数字3
    		DUAN = 1;
    		DUAN = 0;
    		P0 = 0xfb;
    		WEI  = 1;
    		WEI  = 0;
    		delay(200);
    
    		P0 = sz[2];		// 数字2
    		DUAN = 1;
    		DUAN = 0;
    		P0 = 0xfd;
    		WEI  = 1;
    		WEI  = 0;
    		delay(200);
    
    		P0 = sz[1];		// 数字1
    		DUAN = 1;
    		DUAN = 0;
    		P0 = 0xfe;
    		WEI  = 1;
    		WEI  = 0;
    		delay(200);
    
    	
    	
    	}
    }

**不用延迟函数**

#include<reg52.h>
    sbit DUAN = P2^6;
    sbit WEI  = P2^7;
    
    
    
    unsigned code sz[17] = {
         0x3f,0x06,0x5b,0x4f,0x66,0x6d,
      						 0x7d,0x07,0x7f,0x6f,0x77,0x7c,
    						 0x39,0x5e,0x79,0x71,0x00
    };
    void main()
    {
        
    	while(1)
    	{
        
    		P0 = sz[1];		// 数字1
    		DUAN = 1;		// 一端上电
    		DUAN = 0;		//	 断开
    		P0 = 0xfe;
    		WEI  = 1;		//	另一端上高电平
    		WEI  = 0;		//	另一端断开
    		P0 = 0xff;		// 不用延迟函数需要开一个关一个才能保证不乱码
    		WEI  = 1;
    		WEI  = 0;
    		
    
    		P0 = sz[2];		// 数字2
    		DUAN = 1;
    		DUAN = 0;
    		P0 = 0xfd;
    		WEI  = 1;
    		WEI  = 0;
    		P0 = 0xff;
    		WEI  = 1;
    		WEI  = 0;
    
    		
    
    		P0 = sz[3];		// 数字3
    		DUAN = 1;
    		DUAN = 0;
    		P0 = 0xfb;
    		WEI  = 1;
    		WEI  = 0;
    		P0 = 0xff;
    		WEI  = 1;
    		WEI  = 0;
    
    		P0 = sz[4];		// 数字4   
    		DUAN = 1;
    		DUAN = 0;
    		P0 = 0xf7;
    		WEI  = 1;
    		WEI  = 0;
    		P0 = 0xff;
    		WEI  = 1;
    		WEI  = 0;
    
    		P0 = sz[5];		// 数字5
    		DUAN = 1;
    		DUAN = 0;
    		P0 = 0xef;
    		WEI  = 1;
    		WEI  = 0;
    		P0 = 0xff;
    		WEI  = 1;
    		WEI  = 0;
    
    		P0 = sz[6];		// 数字6	 
    		DUAN = 1;
    		DUAN = 0;
    		P0 = 0xdf;
    		WEI  = 1;
    		WEI  = 0;
    		P0 = 0xff;
    		WEI  = 1;
    		WEI  = 0;
    
    		P0 = sz[7];		// 数字7
    		DUAN = 1;
    		DUAN = 0;
    		P0 = 0xbf;
    		WEI  = 1;
    		WEI  = 0;
    		P0 = 0xff;
    		WEI  = 1;
    		WEI  = 0;
    
    		P0 = sz[8];		// 数字8
    		DUAN = 1;
    		DUAN = 0;
    		P0 = 0x7f;
    		WEI  = 1;
    		WEI  = 0;
    		P0 = 0xff;
    		WEI  = 1;
    		WEI  = 0;
    	}
    }

[20200927162702873.png_pic_center]: /images/20221123/166a4b9f6cf442ad932aaba7e1d126ce.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NoaW5lc2Vrb2Jl_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center]: /images/20221123/cda1f9e853be45daaa7e97d2a756df32.png
[20200927163322651.png_pic_center]: /images/20221123/6c79f089b05f499f9152f0a91b1cea79.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NoaW5lc2Vrb2Jl_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 1]: /images/20221123/c420f7646af04125b8d6a13492a8fd9c.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NoaW5lc2Vrb2Jl_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 2]: /images/20221123/fe2d211e00a2455381da4164f37ad336.png
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