声明 LICENSE 的方法

素颜马尾好姑娘i 2022-12-09 12:59 241阅读 0赞

Apache-2.0，我们可以将其称之为开源许可证，那么到底开源 许可证是什么呢?

开源许可证即授权条款。开源软件并非完全没有限制。最基本的限制，
      就是开源软件强迫任何使用和修改该软件的人承认发起人的著作权和所
      有参与人的贡献。任何人拥有可以自由复制、修改、使用这些源代码的
      权利，不得设置针对任何人或团体领域的限制;不得限制开源软件的商
      业使用等。而许可证就是这样一个保证这些限制的法律文件。

# 示例：   elasticsearch Public License Version 2.0 #

1.  Definitions

--------------------

1.1. “Contributor”  
means each individual or legal entity that creates, contributes to  
the creation of, or owns Covered Software.

1.2. “Contributor Version”  
means the combination of the Contributions of others (if any) used  
by a Contributor and that particular Contributor’s Contribution.

1.3. “Contribution”  
means Covered Software of a particular Contributor.

1.4. “Covered Software”  
means Source Code Form to which the initial Contributor has attached  
the notice in Exhibit A, the Executable Form of such Source Code  
Form, and Modifications of such Source Code Form, in each case  
including portions thereof.

1.5. “Incompatible With Secondary Licenses”  
means

(a) that the initial Contributor has attached the notice described
        in Exhibit B to the Covered Software; or
    
    (b) that the Covered Software was made available under the terms of
        version 1.1 or earlier of the License, but not also under the
        terms of a Secondary License.

1.6. “Executable Form”  
means any form of the work other than Source Code Form.

1.7. “Larger Work”  
means a work that combines Covered Software with other material, in  
a separate file or files, that is not Covered Software.

1.8. “License”  
means this document.

1.9. “Licensable”  
means having the right to grant, to the maximum extent possible,  
whether at the time of the initial grant or subsequently, any and  
all of the rights conveyed by this License.

1.10. “Modifications”  
means any of the following:

(a) any file in Source Code Form that results from an addition to,
        deletion from, or modification of the contents of Covered
        Software; or
    
    (b) any new file in Source Code Form that contains any Covered
        Software.

1.11. “Patent Claims” of a Contributor  
means any patent claim(s), including without limitation, method,  
process, and apparatus claims, in any patent Licensable by such  
Contributor that would be infringed, but for the grant of the  
License, by the making, using, selling, offering for sale, having  
made, import, or transfer of either its Contributions or its  
Contributor Version.

1.12. “Secondary License”  
means either the GNU General Public License, Version 2.0, the GNU  
Lesser General Public License, Version 2.1, the GNU Affero General  
Public License, Version 3.0, or any later versions of those  
licenses.

1.13. “Source Code Form”  
means the form of the work preferred for making modifications.

1.14. “You” (or “Your”)  
means an individual or a legal entity exercising rights under this  
License. For legal entities, “You” includes any entity that  
controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with You. For  
purposes of this definition, “control” means (a) the power, direct  
or indirect, to cause the direction or management of such entity,  
whether by contract or otherwise, or (b) ownership of more than  
fifty percent (50%) of the outstanding shares or beneficial  
ownership of such entity.

1.  License Grants and Conditions

--------------------

2.1. Grants

Each Contributor hereby grants You a world-wide, royalty-free,  
non-exclusive license:

(a) under intellectual property rights (other than patent or trademark)  
Licensable by such Contributor to use, reproduce, make available,  
modify, display, perform, distribute, and otherwise exploit its  
Contributions, either on an unmodified basis, with Modifications, or  
as part of a Larger Work; and

(b) under Patent Claims of such Contributor to make, use, sell, offer  
for sale, have made, import, and otherwise transfer either its  
Contributions or its Contributor Version.

2.2. Effective Date

The licenses granted in Section 2.1 with respect to any Contribution  
become effective for each Contribution on the date the Contributor first  
distributes such Contribution.

2.3. Limitations on Grant Scope

The licenses granted in this Section 2 are the only rights granted under  
this License. No additional rights or licenses will be implied from the  
distribution or licensing of Covered Software under this License.  
Notwithstanding Section 2.1(b) above, no patent license is granted by a  
Contributor:

(a) for any code that a Contributor has removed from Covered Software;  
or

(b) for infringements caused by: (i) Your and any other third party’s  
modifications of Covered Software, or (ii) the combination of its  
Contributions with other software (except as part of its Contributor  
Version); or

This License does not grant any rights in the trademarks, service marks,  
or logos of any Contributor (except as may be necessary to comply with  
the notice requirements in Section 3.4).

2.4. Subsequent Licenses

No Contributor makes additional grants as a result of Your choice to  
distribute the Covered Software under a subsequent version of this  
License (see Section 10.2) or under the terms of a Secondary License (if  
permitted under the terms of Section 3.3).

2.5. Representation

Each Contributor represents that the Contributor believes its  
Contributions are its original creation(s) or it has sufficient rights  
to grant the rights to its Contributions conveyed by this License.

2.6. Fair Use

This License is not intended to limit any rights You have under  
applicable copyright doctrines of fair use, fair dealing, or other  
equivalents.

2.7. Conditions

Sections 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, and 3.4 are conditions of the licenses granted  
in Section 2.1.

1.  Responsibilities

--------------------

3.1. Distribution of Source Form

All distribution of Covered Software in Source Code Form, including any  
Modifications that You create or to which You contribute, must be under  
the terms of this License. You must inform recipients that the Source  
Code Form of the Covered Software is governed by the terms of this  
License, and how they can obtain a copy of this License. You may not  
attempt to alter or restrict the recipients’ rights in the Source Code  
Form.

3.2. Distribution of Executable Form

If You distribute Covered Software in Executable Form then:

(a) such Covered Software must also be made available in Source Code  
Form, as described in Section 3.1, and You must inform recipients of  
the Executable Form how they can obtain a copy of such Source Code  
Form by reasonable means in a timely manner, at a charge no more  
than the cost of distribution to the recipient; and

(b) You may distribute such Executable Form under the terms of this  
License, or sublicense it under different terms, provided that the  
license for the Executable Form does not attempt to limit or alter  
the recipients’ rights in the Source Code Form under this License.

3.3. Distribution of a Larger Work

You may create and distribute a Larger Work under terms of Your choice,  
provided that You also comply with the requirements of this License for  
the Covered Software. If the Larger Work is a combination of Covered  
Software with a work governed by one or more Secondary Licenses, and the  
Covered Software is not Incompatible With Secondary Licenses, this  
License permits You to additionally distribute such Covered Software  
under the terms of such Secondary License(s), so that the recipient of  
the Larger Work may, at their option, further distribute the Covered  
Software under the terms of either this License or such Secondary  
License(s).

3.4. Notices

You may not remove or alter the substance of any license notices  
(including copyright notices, patent notices, disclaimers of warranty,  
or limitations of liability) contained within the Source Code Form of  
the Covered Software, except that You may alter any license notices to  
the extent required to remedy known factual inaccuracies.

3.5. Application of Additional Terms

You may choose to offer, and to charge a fee for, warranty, support,  
indemnity or liability obligations to one or more recipients of Covered  
Software. However, You may do so only on Your own behalf, and not on  
behalf of any Contributor. You must make it absolutely clear that any  
such warranty, support, indemnity, or liability obligation is offered by  
You alone, and You hereby agree to indemnify every Contributor for any  
liability incurred by such Contributor as a result of warranty, support,  
indemnity or liability terms You offer. You may include additional  
disclaimers of warranty and limitations of liability specific to any  
jurisdiction.

1.  Inability to Comply Due to Statute or Regulation

--------------------

If it is impossible for You to comply with any of the terms of this  
License with respect to some or all of the Covered Software due to  
statute, judicial order, or regulation then You must: (a) comply with  
the terms of this License to the maximum extent possible; and (b)  
describe the limitations and the code they affect. Such description must  
be placed in a text file included with all distributions of the Covered  
Software under this License. Except to the extent prohibited by statute  
or regulation, such description must be sufficiently detailed for a  
recipient of ordinary skill to be able to understand it.

1.  Termination

--------------------

5.1. The rights granted under this License will terminate automatically  
if You fail to comply with any of its terms. However, if You become  
compliant, then the rights granted under this License from a particular  
Contributor are reinstated (a) provisionally, unless and until such  
Contributor explicitly and finally terminates Your grants, and (b) on an  
ongoing basis, if such Contributor fails to notify You of the  
non-compliance by some reasonable means prior to 60 days after You have  
come back into compliance. Moreover, Your grants from a particular  
Contributor are reinstated on an ongoing basis if such Contributor  
notifies You of the non-compliance by some reasonable means, this is the  
first time You have received notice of non-compliance with this License  
from such Contributor, and You become compliant prior to 30 days after  
Your receipt of the notice.

5.2. If You initiate litigation against any entity by asserting a patent  
infringement claim (excluding declaratory judgment actions,  
counter-claims, and cross-claims) alleging that a Contributor Version  
directly or indirectly infringes any patent, then the rights granted to  
You by any and all Contributors for the Covered Software under Section  
2.1 of this License shall terminate.

5.3. In the event of termination under Sections 5.1 or 5.2 above, all  
end user license agreements (excluding distributors and resellers) which  
have been validly granted by You or Your distributors under this License  
prior to termination shall survive termination.

--------------------

*      *
 *  1.  Disclaimer of Warranty \*
 *  \------------------------- \*
 *      *
 *  Covered Software is provided under this License on an “as is” \*
 *  basis, without warranty of any kind, either expressed, implied, or \*
 *  statutory, including, without limitation, warranties that the \*
 *  Covered Software is free of defects, merchantable, fit for a \*
 *  particular purpose or non-infringing. The entire risk as to the \*
 *  quality and performance of the Covered Software is with You. \*
 *  Should any Covered Software prove defective in any respect, You \*
 *  (not any Contributor) assume the cost of any necessary servicing, \*
 *  repair, or correction. This disclaimer of warranty constitutes an \*
 *  essential part of this License. No use of any Covered Software is \*
 *  authorized under this License except under this disclaimer. \*
 *      *

--------------------

*      *
 *  1.  Limitation of Liability \*
 *  \-------------------------- \*
 *      *
 *  Under no circumstances and under no legal theory, whether tort \*
 *  (including negligence), contract, or otherwise, shall any \*
 *  Contributor, or anyone who distributes Covered Software as \*
 *  permitted above, be liable to You for any direct, indirect, \*
 *  special, incidental, or consequential damages of any character \*
 *  including, without limitation, damages for lost profits, loss of \*
 *  goodwill, work stoppage, computer failure or malfunction, or any \*
 *  and all other commercial damages or losses, even if such party \*
 *  shall have been informed of the possibility of such damages. This \*
 *  limitation of liability shall not apply to liability for death or \*
 *  personal injury resulting from such party’s negligence to the \*
 *  extent applicable law prohibits such limitation. Some \*
 *  jurisdictions do not allow the exclusion or limitation of \*
 *  incidental or consequential damages, so this exclusion and \*
 *  limitation may not apply to You. \*
 *      *

--------------------

1.  Litigation

--------------------

Any litigation relating to this License may be brought only in the  
courts of a jurisdiction where the defendant maintains its principal  
place of business and such litigation shall be governed by laws of that  
jurisdiction, without reference to its conflict-of-law provisions.  
Nothing in this Section shall prevent a party’s ability to bring  
cross-claims or counter-claims.

1.  Miscellaneous

--------------------

This License represents the complete agreement concerning the subject  
matter hereof. If any provision of this License is held to be  
unenforceable, such provision shall be reformed only to the extent  
necessary to make it enforceable. Any law or regulation which provides  
that the language of a contract shall be construed against the drafter  
shall not be used to construe this License against a Contributor.

1.  Versions of the License

--------------------

10.1. New Versions

Mozilla Foundation is the license steward. Except as provided in Section  
10.3, no one other than the license steward has the right to modify or  
publish new versions of this License. Each version will be given a  
distinguishing version number.

10.2. Effect of New Versions

You may distribute the Covered Software under the terms of the version  
of the License under which You originally received the Covered Software,  
or under the terms of any subsequent version published by the license  
steward.

10.3. Modified Versions

If you create software not governed by this License, and you want to  
create a new license for such software, you may create and use a  
modified version of this License if you rename the license and remove  
any references to the name of the license steward (except to note that  
such modified license differs from this License).

10.4. Distributing Source Code Form that is Incompatible With Secondary  
Licenses

If You choose to distribute Source Code Form that is Incompatible With  
Secondary Licenses under the terms of this version of the License, the  
notice described in Exhibit B of this License must be attached.

## Exhibit A - Source Code Form License Notice ##

This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public  
License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this  
file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.

If it is not possible or desirable to put the notice in a particular  
file, then You may include the notice in a location (such as a LICENSE  
file in a relevant directory) where a recipient would be likely to look  
for such a notice.

You may add additional accurate notices of copyright ownership.

## Exhibit B - “Incompatible With Secondary Licenses” Notice ##

This Source Code Form is “Incompatible With Secondary Licenses”, as  
defined by the Mozilla Public License, v. 2.0.