i++初学_初学者使用C ++：了解C ++

秒速五厘米 2022-12-06 15:29 220阅读 0赞

i++初学

C++ is a general purpose programming language invented in the early 1980s by Bjarne Stroustrup at Bell Labs. It is similar to C, invented in the early 1970s by Dennis Ritchie, but is a safer language than C and includes modern programming techniques such as object-oriented programming.

C ++是贝尔实验室的Bjarne Stroustrup在1980年代初发明的通用编程语言。 它类似于由Dennis Ritchie于1970年代早期发明的C，但是它是比C更安全的语言，并且包含诸如面向对象编程之类的现代编程技术。

You can read more about object-oriented programming. C++ was originally called C with Classes and is so compatible with C that it will probably compile more than 99% of C programs without changing a line of [source code][]. This was a deliberate design feature by the designer. Here are a short overview and history of C++.

您可以阅读有关面向对象编程的更多信息。 C ++最初被称为带有类的C，并且与C如此兼容，以至于它可以在不更改[源代码的][source code]情况下编译超过99％的C程序。 这是设计师故意设计的功能。 这是C ++的简短概述和历史。

The purpose of C++ is to precisely define a series of operations that a computer can perform to accomplish a task. Most of these operations involve manipulating numbers and text, but anything that the computer can physically do can be programmed in C++. Computers have no intelligence- they have to be told exactly what to do and this is defined by the programming language you use. Once programmed they can repeat the steps as many times as you wish at very high speed. Modern PCs are so fast they can count to a billion in a second or two.

C ++的目的是精确定义计算机可以执行以完成任务的一系列操作。 这些操作大多数涉及操纵数字和文本，但是计算机可以物理执行的任何操作都可以用C ++进行编程。 计算机没有智能，必须告诉他们确切的操作，而这是由您使用的编程语言定义的。 编程后，它们可以以非常高的速度重复执行多次。 现代PC如此之快，在一秒钟或两秒钟内可以达到十亿。

## C ++程序可以做什么？ **(** What Can a C++ Program Do? **)** ##

Typical programming tasks include putting data into a [database][] or pulling it out, displaying high-speed graphics in a game or video, controlling electronic devices attached to the PC or even playing music and/or sound effects. You can even write software to generate music or help you compose.

典型的编程任务包括将数据放入[数据库][database]或将其取出，在游戏或视频中显示高速图形，控制连接到PC的电子设备，甚至播放音乐和/或声音效果。 您甚至可以编写软件来生成音乐或帮助您作曲。

## C ++是最好的编程语言吗？ **(** Is C++ the Best Programming Language? **)** ##

Some computer languages were written for a specific purpose. Java was originally devised to control toasters, C for programming Operating Systems, Pascal to teach good programming techniques but C++ is a general purpose language and well deserves the "Swiss Pocket Knife of Languages" nickname. Some tasks can be done in C++ but not very easily, for example designing [GUI][] screens for applications. Other languages like [Visual Basic][], [Delphi][] and more recently [C\#][C] have GUI design elements built into them and so are better suited for this type of task. Also, some scripting languages that provide extra programmability to applications like MS Word and even Photoshop tend to be done in variants of Basic, not C++.

一些计算机语言是为特定目的而编写的。 Java最初是为控制烤面包机而设计的，C是为操作系统进行编程的，Pascal是为教良好的编程技术而设计的，但是C ++是一种通用语言，因此应有“ Swiss Pocket Knife of Languages”的昵称。 某些任务可以用C ++完成，但不是很容易，例如为应用程序设计[GUI][]屏幕。 其他语言，例如[Visual Basic][] ， [Delphi][]和最近的[C＃][C]都内置了GUI设计元素，因此更适合此类任务。 而且，某些脚本语言为MS Word甚至Photoshop等应用程序提供了额外的可编程性，这些语言往往是在Basic而不是C ++的变体中完成的。

You can find out more about the other [computer languages][] and how they stack up against C++.

您可以找到有关其他[计算机语言][computer languages]以及它们如何与C ++相结合的更多信息。

## 哪些计算机具有C ++？ **(** Which Computers Have C++? **)** ##

This is better stated as which computers don't have C++! The answer- almost none, it is so widespread. It is a nearly universal [programming language][] and can be found on most microcomputers all the way up to big computers costing millions of dollars. There are C++ compilers for just about every type of operating system.

最好将其说明为哪些计算机没有C ++！ 答案-几乎没有，它是如此广泛。 它是一种几乎通用的[编程语言][programming language] ，可以在大多数微型计算机上找到，直到花费数百万美元的大型计算机为止。 几乎每种操作系统都有C ++编译器。

## 我如何开始使用C ++？ **(** How Do I Get Started With C++? **)** ##

First, you need a C++ compiler. There are many commercial and free ones available. The list below has instructions for downloading and installing each of the compilers. All three are completely free and include an IDE to make life easier for you to edit, compile and debug your applications.

首先，您需要一个C ++编译器。 有许多商业和免费的。 下面的列表提供了有关下载和安装每个编译器的说明。 这三个都是完全免费的，并且都包含一个IDE，使您可以更轻松地编辑，编译和调试应用程序。

*  Download and Install [Borland's Turbo C++ Explorer][Borland_s Turbo C_ Explorer]
    
    下载并安装[Borland的Turbo C ++ Explorer][Borland_s Turbo C_ Explorer]
 *  Download and Install [Microsoft's Visual C++ 2005 Express Edition][Microsoft_s Visual C_ 2005 Express Edition]
    
    下载并安装[Microsoft的Visual C ++ 2005 Express Edition][Microsoft_s Visual C_ 2005 Express Edition]
 *  Download and Install [Open Watcom C/C++ Compiler][Open Watcom C_C_ Compiler]
    
    下载并安装[Open Watcom C / C ++编译器][Open Watcom C_C_ Compiler]

The instructions also show you how to enter and compile your first C++ application.

这些说明还向您展示了如何输入和编译第一个C ++应用程序。

## 我如何开始编写C ++应用程序？ **(** How Do I Begin Writing C++ Applications? **)** ##

C++ is written using a text editor. This can be notepad or an IDE like those supplied with the three compilers listed above. You write a computer program as a series of instructions (called [statements][]) in a notation that looks a little like mathematical formulas.

C ++是使用文本编辑器编写的。 可以是记事本，也可以是上面列出的三个编译器随附的IDE。 您将计算机程序编写为一系列指令(称为[语句][statements] )，其符号看起来有点像数学公式。

This is saved out in a text file and then compiled and linked to generate machine code which you then can run. Every application you use on a computer will have been written and compiled like this, and many of them will be written in C++. Read more [about compilers][] and how they work. You can't usually get hold of the original source code unless it was [open source][].

它被保存在一个文本文件中，然后进行编译和链接以生成可以运行的机器代码。 您在计算机上使用的每个应用程序都将像这样编写和编译，其中许多应用程序将使用C ++编写。 阅读[有关编译器][about compilers]及其工作方式的更多[信息][about compilers] 。 除非它是[开源的，][open source]否则通常无法掌握原始源代码。

## 是否有大量的C ++开源？ **(** Is There Plenty of C++ Open Source? **)** ##

Because it is so widespread, much open source software has been written in C++. Unlike commercial applications, where the source code is owned by a business and never made available, open-source code can be viewed and used by anyone. It's an excellent way to learn coding techniques.

因为它是如此的广泛，所以已经用C ++编写了许多开源软件。 与商业应用程序不同，在商业应用程序中，源代码归企业所有，并且从未公开使用，任何人都可以查看和使用开放源代码。 这是学习编码技术的绝佳方法。

## 我可以得到编程工作吗？ **(** Could I Get a Programming Job? **)** ##

Certainly. There are many C++ jobs out there and an immense body of code exists that will need updating, maintaining and occasionally rewriting. The top three most popular programming languages according to the quarterly Tiobe.com survey, are Java, C, and C++.

当然。 有许多C ++作业，并且存在大量需要更新，维护和偶尔重写的代码。 根据Tiobe.com的季度调查，最受欢迎的三种编程语言是Java，C和C ++。

You could write your own games but you'll need to be artistic or have an artist friend. You'll also need music and sound effects. Find out more about game development. Perhaps a professional 9-5 career would suit you better- read about a [professional career][] or perhaps consider entering the world of [software engineering][] writing software to control nuclear reactors, aircraft, space rockets or for other safety-critical areas.

您可以编写自己的游戏，但需要具有艺术性或拥有艺术家朋友。 您还需要音乐和声音效果。 了解有关游戏开发的更多信息。 9至5岁的专业职业可能会更适合您-阅读一份[专业职业，][professional career]或者考虑进入[软件工程][software engineering]编写领域，以控制核React堆，飞机，太空火箭或其他安全关键领域。

## 有哪些工具和实用程序？ **(** What Tools and Utilities Are There? **)** ##

Well if you can't find what you want, you could always write it. That is how most of the tools around came into existence.

好吧，如果找不到您想要的东西，可以随时编写。 这就是周围大多数工具的出现。

> 翻译自: [https://www.thoughtco.com/candand-for-beginners-958278][https_www.thoughtco.com_candand-for-beginners-958278]

i++初学

[source code]: https://www.thoughtco.com/source-code-definition-958200
[database]: https://www.thoughtco.com/what-is-a-relational-database-958324
[GUI]: https://www.thoughtco.com/gui-2034108
[Visual Basic]: https://www.thoughtco.com/visual-basic-4133468
[Delphi]: https://www.thoughtco.com/delphi-programming-4133475
[C]: https://www.thoughtco.com/all-about-the-c-programming-language-958330
[computer languages]: https://www.thoughtco.com/comparing-popular-programming-languages-958275
[programming language]: https://www.thoughtco.com/what-is-a-programming-language-958332
[Borland_s Turbo C_ Explorer]: https://www.thoughtco.com/downloading-installing-borland-candand-compiler-958384
[Microsoft_s Visual C_ 2005 Express Edition]: https://www.thoughtco.com/installing-visual-candand-2005-express-edition-958388
[Open Watcom C_C_ Compiler]: https://www.thoughtco.com/install-open-watcom-c-candand-compiler-958451
[statements]: https://www.thoughtco.com/statement-2034294
[about compilers]: https://www.thoughtco.com/about-compilers-and-interpreters-958276
[open source]: https://www.thoughtco.com/open-source-projects-c-candand-c-958614
[professional career]: https://www.thoughtco.com/programming-as-a-career-958272
[software engineering]: https://www.thoughtco.com/what-is-software-engineering-958652
[https_www.thoughtco.com_candand-for-beginners-958278]: https://www.thoughtco.com/candand-for-beginners-958278