手把手教你搭建SpringCloud项目（七）集成Consul服务注册中心

柔光的暖阳◎ 2022-12-02 12:24 150阅读 0赞

### Spring Cloud全集文章目录： ###

零、[什么是微服务？一看就会系列！][Link 1]

一、[手把手教你搭建SpringCloud项目（一）图文详解，傻瓜式操作][SpringCloud]

二、[手把手教你搭建SpringCloud项目（二）生产者与消费者][SpringCloud 1]

三、[手把手教你搭建SpringCloud项目（三）集成Eureka服务注册中心][SpringCloud_Eureka]

四、[手把手教你搭建SpringCloud项目（四）Eureka集群版搭建][SpringCloud_Eureka 1]

五、[手把手教你搭建SpringCloud项目（五）生产者集群版搭建][SpringCloud 2]

六、[手把手教你搭建SpringCloud项目（六）Eureka实现服务发现][SpringCloud_Eureka 2]

七、[手把手教你搭建SpringCloud项目（七）集成Consul服务注册中心][SpringCloud_Consul]

八、[手把手教你搭建SpringCloud项目（八）集成Ribbon负载均衡器][SpringCloud_Ribbon]

九、[手把手教你搭建SpringCloud项目（九）集成OpenFeign服务接口调用][SpringCloud_OpenFeign]

十、[手把手教你搭建SpringCloud项目（十）集成Hystrix之服务降级][SpringCloud_Hystrix]

十一、[手把手教你搭建SpringCloud项目（十一）集成Hystrix之服务熔断][SpringCloud_Hystrix 1]

十二、[手把手教你搭建SpringCloud项目（十二 ）集成Hystrix之图形化Dashboard实时监控][SpringCloud_ _Hystrix_Dashboard]

十三、[手把手教你搭建SpringCloud项目（十三 ）集成Gateway新一代网关][SpringCloud_Gateway]

十四、[手把手教你搭建SpringCloud项目（十四 ）集成Config分布式配置中心][SpringCloud_Config]

十五、[手把手教你搭建SpringCloud项目（十五）集成Bus消息总线][SpringCloud_Bus]

十六、[手把手教你搭建SpringCloud项目（十六）集成Stream消息驱动][SpringCloud_Stream]

十七、[手把手教你搭建SpringCloud项目（十七）集成Sleuth分布式链路跟踪][SpringCloud_Sleuth]

文章继续更新中，欢迎点赞关注！

###  ###

### 一、了解Consul ###

这篇文章学习另外一个服务注册中心Consul，那什么是Consul？

Consul是一个服务网格（微服务间的 TCP/IP，负责服务之间的网络调用、限流、熔断和监控）解决方案，它是一个一个分布式的，高度可用的系统，而且开发使用都很简便。它提供了一个功能齐全的控制平面，主要特点是：服务发现、健康检查、键值存储、安全服务通信、多数据中心。

与其它分布式服务注册与发现的方案相比，Consul 的方案更“一站式”——内置了服务注册与发现框架、分布一致性协议实现、健康检查、Key/Value 存储、多数据中心方案，不再需要依赖其它工具。Consul 本身使用 go 语言开发，具有跨平台、运行高效等特点，也非常方便和 Docker 配合使用。

### 二、Consul安装与运行 ###

[点击访问Consul官网][Consul]，进入官网，我们点击下载，分为三种类型的版本，我们这里安装的Windows版的，下载下来是一个zip的压缩包，我们解压完后会有一个consul.exe应用程序，如下图：

![20200830210103202.png][]

无需安装，我们找到该应用程序在的文件地址，如下图：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zODAwNzE4NQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

然后我们直接在打开的文件夹地址栏当中输入cmd，进入如下界面：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zODAwNzE4NQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

我们输入命令consul agent -dev 进入开发模式，如下图：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zODAwNzE4NQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

通过访问[http://localhost:8500/ui/dc1/services][http_localhost_8500_ui_dc1_services]地址可以访问Consul的首页，如下图：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zODAwNzE4NQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]

### 三、搭建生产者服务 ###

新建module，具体步骤看前边的文章，我们这里从配置文件开始贴代码，修改pom,xml文件，主要就是新增consul的依赖包。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
        <parent>
            <artifactId>mcroservice</artifactId>
            <groupId>com.study.springcloud</groupId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </parent>
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
        <artifactId>cloud-providerconsul-payment04</artifactId>
    
        <dependencies>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-consul-discovery</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.study.springcloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
                <version>${project.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
                <scope>runtime</scope>
                <optional>true</optional>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
                <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
                <optional>true</optional>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    
    </project>

新建yml文件配置

server:
      # consul服务端口
      port: 8004
    spring:
      application:
        name: cloud-provider-payment
      cloud:
        consul:
          # consul注册中心地址
          host: localhost
          port: 8500
          discovery:
            #hostname: 127.0.0.1
            service-name: ${spring.application.name}

新建主启动类

package com.buba.springcloud;
    
    import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
    import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
    
    @SpringBootApplication
    @EnableDiscoveryClient
    public class PaymentMain04 {
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            SpringApplication.run(PaymentMain04.class,args);
        }
    }

新建测试业务类

package com.buba.springcloud.controller;
    
    import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
    import java.util.UUID;
    @RestController
    @Slf4j
    public class PaymentController {
        @Value("${server.port}")
        private String serverPort;
    
        @RequestMapping(value = "payment/consul")
        public String paymentConsul() {
            return "SpringCloud with consul:" + serverPort + "\t" + UUID.randomUUID().toString();
        }
    
    }

先启动我们在windows上安装的consul，然后在启动我们的module项目，可以看到cloud-provider-payment已经成功注册到consul注册中心。

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zODAwNzE4NQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4][]然后我们访问刚才的业务接口[http://localhost:8004/payment/consul][http_localhost_8004_payment_consul]，看看是否可以获取到信息。可以成功访问，如下图：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zODAwNzE4NQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5][]

###  四、搭建消费者服务 ###

新建module，服务名称为修改pom.xml文件，主要就是新增consul的依赖包。如下图：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
        <parent>
            <artifactId>mcroservice</artifactId>
            <groupId>com.study.springcloud</groupId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </parent>
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
        <artifactId>cloud-consumerconsul-order</artifactId>
        <description>服务消费者之注册中心consul</description>
    
        <dependencies>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-consul-discovery</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.study.springcloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
                <version>${project.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
                <scope>runtime</scope>
                <optional>true</optional>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
                <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
                <optional>true</optional>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    
    
    </project>

新建yml文件，如下图：

server:
      port: 80
    spring:
      application:
        name: cloud-consumer-order
      cloud:
        consul:
          # consul注册中心地址
          host: localhost
          port: 8500
          discovery:
            #hostname: 127.0.0.1
            service-name: ${spring.application.name}

新建主启动类，如下图：

package com.buba.springcloud.order;
    
    import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
    import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
    
    @SpringBootApplication
    @EnableDiscoveryClient
    public class OrderconsulMain {
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            SpringApplication.run(OrderconsulMain.class,args);
        }
    }

新建ApplicationContextConfig配置文件，如下图：

package com.buba.springcloud.order.config;
    
    import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
    import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
    
    @Configuration
    public class ApplicationContextConfig {
        @Bean
        //RestTemplate 的负载均衡能力
        @LoadBalanced
        public RestTemplate getRestTemplate(){
            return new RestTemplate();
        }
    }

编写业务类，如下图;

package com.buba.springcloud.order.controller;
    
    
    import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
    import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
    
    @RestController
    @Slf4j
    public class OrderConsulController {
        public static final  String PAYMENT_URL = "http://cloud-provider-payment";
        @Autowired
        private RestTemplate restTemplate;
    
        @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/consul")
        public String getPayment(){
            return restTemplate.getForObject(PAYMENT_URL+"/payment/consul/",String.class);
        }
    }

现在分别启动Consul服务器、cloud-providerconsul-payment04生产者服务、cloud-consumerconsul-order消费者服务，然后进行访问[http://localhost/consumer/payment/consul][http_localhost_consumer_payment_consul],也可以通过消费者调用生产者的服务，获取信息。成功界面如下图：

![20200831210418304.png][]

简单集成consul就完成啦。so easy！

![9d4a501cabec14b69aeb15035a33a690.png][]

[Link 1]: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_38007185/article/details/108119724
[SpringCloud]: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_38007185/article/details/108186254
[SpringCloud 1]: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_38007185/article/details/108187607
[SpringCloud_Eureka]: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_38007185/article/details/108242162
[SpringCloud_Eureka 1]: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_38007185/article/details/108308517
[SpringCloud 2]: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_38007185/article/details/108315696
[SpringCloud_Eureka 2]: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_38007185/article/details/108309758
[SpringCloud_Consul]: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_38007185/article/details/108310912
[SpringCloud_Ribbon]: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_38007185/article/details/108329635
[SpringCloud_OpenFeign]: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_38007185/article/details/108359507
[SpringCloud_Hystrix]: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_38007185/article/details/108415392
[SpringCloud_Hystrix 1]: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_38007185/article/details/108429780
[SpringCloud_ _Hystrix_Dashboard]: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_38007185/article/details/108436460
[SpringCloud_Gateway]: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_38007185/article/details/108440631
[SpringCloud_Config]: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_38007185/article/details/108506514
[SpringCloud_Bus]: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_38007185/article/details/111825717
[SpringCloud_Stream]: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_38007185/article/details/111825959
[SpringCloud_Sleuth]: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_38007185/article/details/111826112
[Consul]: https://www.consul.io/
[20200830210103202.png]: /images/20221123/fdd031bd6f1a480787f90b1e05b0106f.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zODAwNzE4NQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20221123/0a5597561f4c4881908aefa5e6d2c0ac.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zODAwNzE4NQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: /images/20221123/4bd1a2fe7dd945088faab6584d838a76.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zODAwNzE4NQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]: /images/20221123/faaa73b57b6f4fa8a93d1543f871a2a6.png
[http_localhost_8500_ui_dc1_services]: http://localhost:8500/ui/dc1/services
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zODAwNzE4NQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]: /images/20221123/766be03f76aa4eaa90e8dfbe769d7388.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zODAwNzE4NQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]: /images/20221123/fb60168d143d4a1899721278fcf9e5ea.png
[http_localhost_8004_payment_consul]: http://localhost:8004/payment/consul
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zODAwNzE4NQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]: /images/20221123/0b1f2c90910f4614b2916ed723bb7529.png
[http_localhost_consumer_payment_consul]: http://localhost/consumer/payment/consul
[20200831210418304.png]: /images/20221123/6c24655dfaa74745b1b48f229e56fa18.png
[9d4a501cabec14b69aeb15035a33a690.png]: /images/20221123/989456aa7b6644c9a292662ce70d7fb1.png