C++项目（有注释超详细）

刺骨的言语ヽ痛彻心扉 2022-12-01 11:49 139阅读 0赞

## 规范代码 ##

定义函数或者类尽量放到头文件中，这样不容易出现重复命名和代码冗杂的问题。

#pragma once
    #include<iostream>
    using namespace std;
    #include"worker.h"
    
    class Manager :public Worker
    { 
    public:
    	//构造
    	Manager(int id, string name, int dId);
    
    	//显示
    	virtual void showInfo() = 0;
    
    	virtual string getdeptName() = 0;
    };

例如我们需要一个worker类，最好不要在一个文件中先声明再用，否则代码可读性非常差，过几天自己可能都看不下去了。

#pragma once
    #include<iostream>
    using namespace std;
    #include<string>
    
    class Worker
    { 
    public:
    
    	virtual void showInfo() = 0;
    
    	virtual string getdeptName() = 0;
    
    	int m_Id;
    	string m_Name;
    	int m_DeptId;
    };

worker的CPP文件，在这里定义worker的属性。  
要注意一点就是项目文件一定要放到一个包里面，VS2019中可以用

#pragma 包名（项目名字）

来实现这个功能。

> 类似上面的情况，我们可以实现在不更改项目主体的情况下，对项目进行维护和修改

接下来再加几个功能，让项目更加饱满一些。

## BOSS类 ##

头文件

#pragma once
    #pragma once
    #include<iostream>
    using namespace std;
    #include"worker.h"
    
    class Boss :public Worker
    { 
    public:
    	//构造
    	Boss(int id, string name, int dId);
    
    	//显示
    	virtual void showInfo() = 0;
    
    	virtual string getdeptName() = 0;
    };

CPP文件

#include"boss.h"
    #include<iostream>
    using namespace std;
    //构造
    Boss::Boss(int id, string name, int dId)
    { 
    	this->m_Id = id;
    	this->m_Name = name;
    	this->m_DeptId = dId;
    }
    
    void Boss::showInfo()
    { 
    	cout << "编号" << this->m_Id;
    	cout << "\t姓名" << this->m_Name;
    	cout << "\t岗位" << this->getdeptName() << endl;
    	cout << "职责（leader）" << endl;
    }
    
    string Boss::getdeptName()
    { 
    	return string("leeader");
    }

## EMPLOYEE ##

头文件

#pragma once
    #include<iostream>
    using namespace std;
    #include"worker.h"
    
    
    class Employee :public Worker
    { 
    public:
    
    	Employee(int id,string name,int dId);//构造函数
    
    	virtual void showInfo();
    
    	virtual string getdeptName();
    
    private:
    
    };

CPP文件

#include<iostream>
    #include"employee.h"
    using namespace std;
    
    
    Employee::Employee(int id, string name, int dId)//构造函数
    { 
    	this->m_Id = id;
    	this->m_Name = name;
    	this -> m_DeptId = dId;
    
    }
    void Employee::showInfo()
    { 
    	cout << "编号" << this->m_Id;
    	cout<< "\t姓名" << this->m_Name;
    	cout << "\t岗位" << this->getdeptName()<<endl;
    	cout << "职责" << endl;	
    }
    
    //virtual string getdeptName();
    string Employee::getdeptName()
    { 
    	return string("员工");
    }

## workermanager ##

头文件

#pragma once//防止头文件多次包含
    #include<iostream>
    using namespace std;
    
    class WorkerManager
    { 
    public:
    
    	WorkerManager();//构造
    
    	//展示菜单
    	void Show_Menu();
    	//获取名称
    	virtual 
    
    	~WorkerManager();//析构
    
    };

CPP文件

#include"workerManager.h"
    
    WorkerManager::WorkerManager()
    { 
    
    }
    
    void WorkerManager::Show_Menu()
    { 
    	cout << "0.退出" << endl;
    	cout << "1.增加" << endl;
    	cout << "2.显示" << endl;
    	cout << "3.删除" << endl;
    	cout << "4.修改" << endl;
    	cout << "5.查找" << endl;
    	cout << "6.按编号排序" << endl;
    	cout << "7.清空文档" << endl;
    	cout << endl;
    }
    
    WorkerManager::~WorkerManager()
    { 
    
    }

## 主函数（只有60多行） ##

#include<iostream>
    #include"workerManager.h"
    #include"worker.h"
    #include"employee.h"
    #include"manager.h"
    #include"boss.h"
    using namespace std;
    
    int main()
    { 	
    	Worker* worker = NULL;
    	worker = new Employee(1,"zhang",1);
    	worker->showInfo();
    	delete worker;//记得释放
    	//实例化管理者对象
    	WorkerManager wm;
    
    	//Worker* worker = NULL;加不加都行
    	worker = new Manager(2,"li manager",2);
    	worker->showInfo();
    	delete worker;
    
    	worker = new Boss(2, "li manager", 2);
    	worker->showInfo();
    	delete worker;
    
    	int choice = 0;//记录选项
    
    	while (1)
    	{ 
    		wm.Show_Menu();
    
    		cout << "输入选择" << endl;
    		cin >> choice;
    
    		switch (choice)
    		{ 
    		case 0://退出
    			break;
    		case 1://增加
    			break;
    		case 2://显示
    			break;
    		case 3://删除
    			break;
    		case 4://修改
    			break;
    		case 5://查找
    			break;
    		case 6://排序
    			break;
    		case 7://清空
    			break;
    		default:
    			system("cls");
    			break;
    		}
    	}
    
    	//调用show
    	wm.Show_Menu();
    
    
    	system("pause");
    
    	return 0;
    }