使用springboot + springcloud从零搭建微服务项目（微服务）适合初学者

桃扇骨 2022-12-01 03:59 300阅读 0赞

> ## 福兮祸所伏，祸兮福所倚 ##

今天初步了解了微服务  所以记录下   首先咱们来了解下什么是微服务架构和微服务

> 所谓的微服务架构：就是将之前开发的单一应用程序分成一个个的小服务  这个小的服务可以为理解为一个公共模块  就比如短信模块   这一个个的小服务可以在自己所属的进程中独立运行   服务之间通过http  restful来进行通讯  相互协调 相互配合  而这一个个小服务就是微服务。

理解了这两个概念之后  咱们就开始咱们的搭建工作（这里我使用的idea来创建的） ：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zNzAxMjg4MQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zNzAxMjg4MQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zNzAxMjg4MQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zNzAxMjg4MQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zNzAxMjg4MQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4][]

创建出项目是这样的 （我们的主程序）

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zNzAxMjg4MQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5][]

目前的话  对咱们有用就只有pom文件   我们需要引入我需要的依赖（根据自己的需要）你们也可以用我的  我把我的粘贴出来

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
      xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
      <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
      <groupId>com.peanut.springcloud</groupId>
      <artifactId>springcloud_test</artifactId>
      <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    
      <name>springcloud_test</name>
      
      <url>http://www.example.com</url>
    
      <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
        <log4j.version>2.12.1</log4j.version>
        <lombok.version>1.18.6</lombok.version>
      </properties>
      <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
            <version>Greenwich.SR3</version>
            
            <type>pom</type>
            <scope>import</scope>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.3.RELEASE</version>
            <type>pom</type>
            <scope>import</scope>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>8.0.16</version>
          </dependency>
    
          <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.10</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.2</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
            <artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.3</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>${junit.version}</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>${log4j.version}</version>
          </dependency>
    
        </dependencies>
      </dependencyManagement>
    
      <build>
        <pluginManagement>
          <plugins>
            
            <plugin>
              <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
              <version>3.1.0</version>
            </plugin>
            
            <plugin>
              <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
              <version>3.0.2</version>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
              <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
              <version>3.8.0</version>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
              <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
              <version>2.22.1</version>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
              <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
              <version>3.0.2</version>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
              <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
              <version>2.5.2</version>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
              <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
              <version>2.8.2</version>
            </plugin>
            
            <plugin>
              <artifactId>maven-site-plugin</artifactId>
              <version>3.7.1</version>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
              <artifactId>maven-project-info-reports-plugin</artifactId>
              <version>3.0.0</version>
            </plugin>
          </plugins>
        </pluginManagement>
      </build>
    </project>

到这里的话  咱们的主项目 就创建好了

下面就在主项目下创建子项目   直接添加

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zNzAxMjg4MQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zNzAxMjg4MQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zNzAxMjg4MQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8][]

子项目就创建好了    咱们主要看主项目的pom文件的变化   maven的pom文件添加子项目的引用

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zNzAxMjg4MQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9][]

针对于api这个模块呢  作为公共模块来用  举个例子 比如：公共的POJO

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zNzAxMjg4MQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 10][]

api中咱们就创建一个就可以说明问题了。接下来创建咱们的提供者 （所谓提供者就是咱们的业务逻辑） 创建的不走和api一样

既然是逻辑层 那咱们的必要的依赖jar还是要导入的  贴上

<dependencies>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.peanut.springcloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>springcloud-api</artifactId>
                <version>${project.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            
    
    
    
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>junit</groupId>
                <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>mysql</groupId>
                <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
                <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
                <artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jetty</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            
    
    
    
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zNzAxMjg4MQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 11][]

这里要相互对应  意思就是导入主项目下的springcloud-api包  版本的话 和主项目版本一样   jar导入了  配置文件也要配下

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zNzAxMjg4MQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 12][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zNzAxMjg4MQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 13][]

那咱们把mybatis和对应dao  service  controller都来引入下

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zNzAxMjg4MQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 14][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zNzAxMjg4MQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 15][] controller层遵循restful风格  到这里的话  咱们先测试下  看是否已经成了

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zNzAxMjg4MQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 16][]

成功   咱们去获取下数据

![20200826002956445.png][]

完美！！！！！

下面咱们接下去搭建消费者  所谓的消费者  可以完全理解为  和前端进行交互的  上代码吧  先引入相关的依赖  由于和前端交互 web 是不能少的

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zNzAxMjg4MQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 17][]

咱们请求要采取rest风格  所以直接交给restTemplate来处理  （类似于HttpClinent）

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zNzAxMjg4MQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 18][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zNzAxMjg4MQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 19][]

下面咱们启动提供者和消费者  看看能不能直接获取数据

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zNzAxMjg4MQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 20][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zNzAxMjg4MQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 21][]

都已经成功

来访问  成功！！！！！！！

![2020082601053163.png][]

关于消费者  简单的通过resttemplate对提供者又封装了一层    这是学习微服务第一天学的东西   希望可以帮到你们    后续还会写更新文章  谢谢

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zNzAxMjg4MQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 22][]

[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zNzAxMjg4MQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20221123/fb8cbc8be853496dbe62e95cf38b7fa9.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zNzAxMjg4MQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: /images/20221123/adc67b0d197b4181a9e2190d305e3de7.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zNzAxMjg4MQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]: /images/20221123/a23e4f940a0c4283818352cadfe8309f.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zNzAxMjg4MQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]: /images/20221123/e3bea4acf1ba4622a82338bdceb4d24b.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zNzAxMjg4MQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]: /images/20221123/8333aca25ce04b0da571712ed00647ac.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zNzAxMjg4MQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]: /images/20221123/42ef03f31e77460193e2b781833d09a7.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zNzAxMjg4MQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6]: /images/20221123/7219449c2b08443ba6ae840f7a2dfea0.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zNzAxMjg4MQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7]: /images/20221123/17e2a1de6d9f4ad48f3e83e69b8bd39d.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zNzAxMjg4MQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8]: /images/20221123/8f3e18e98fee4ab4a07ad0b501c66707.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zNzAxMjg4MQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9]: /images/20221123/af925b1bc4e8468e8b4146395913013a.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zNzAxMjg4MQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 10]: /images/20221123/3da5be3a92f941fda1b498ba7665c915.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zNzAxMjg4MQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 11]: /images/20221123/7e555ed48fef44b3acbe235ac2be3d0d.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zNzAxMjg4MQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 12]: /images/20221123/dfe84a1d731a4cf69e2d1a5a8c0653dc.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zNzAxMjg4MQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 13]: /images/20221123/1c18531786d54553b273d19e9bc19e12.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zNzAxMjg4MQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 14]: /images/20221123/f410fc096d424d65be924676e1d5a34c.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zNzAxMjg4MQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 15]: /images/20221123/888b1094ed584f8b8b8ba4d3584c81f7.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zNzAxMjg4MQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 16]: /images/20221123/7e8ea7773b8f48b5ab2e8003c8eb1c6e.png
[20200826002956445.png]: /images/20221123/bfdbfa40d39e438e843001b8fff3cef5.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zNzAxMjg4MQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 17]: /images/20221123/fe5eec86e95c445b95f6b4f37cac356e.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zNzAxMjg4MQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 18]: /images/20221123/bc3c843932e14369b3293e2c6d3be1e4.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zNzAxMjg4MQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 19]: /images/20221123/0a9fbf3aba414135b4c9b73cec516545.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zNzAxMjg4MQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 20]: /images/20221123/95e4113c6650449fada36d900522a188.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zNzAxMjg4MQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 21]: /images/20221123/cf3059561d4a405cb5977d31424c0db9.png
[2020082601053163.png]: /images/20221123/8547aea4dae446ce991794ca7548b719.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zNzAxMjg4MQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 22]: /images/20221123/8e98b07f9b2b4f5ca02689d3f97b23ba.png