nginx（四） nginx用法实例-蒲公英云

nginx（四） nginx用法实例

本人常用的机器是windows，下面在windows环境下演示下Nginx的用法

一、代理后端接口：如我本地在9999端口启动一个服务：

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现在使用nginx代理到这个端口：此时访问localhost:9991会代理localhost:9999

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通过代理访问接口：localhost:9999/demo/code/getCode使用localhost:9999 = localhost:9991规则来替换，得到localhost:9991/demo/code/getCode

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如果Nginx换个写法：

server {    
        listen       9991;
        server_name  localhost;
        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
            proxy_pass http://localhost:9999/demo/;
        }

这时候访问localhost:9991会代理到localhost:9999/demo/，原地址localhost:9999/demo/code/getCod替换下，所以访问代理的url为：

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二、代理前端页面：

server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;
        #charset koi8-r;
        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;
        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
            proxy_pass http://localhost:9999;
        }
        #访问方式：http://localhost/test/或http://localhost/test
        location ^~  /test{
            alias   F:/aaa;
            index test.html;
            autoindex on;
            autoindex_exact_size off;
            autoindex_localtime on;
            ssi on;
            ssi_silent_errors on;
            proxy_redirect          off;
            proxy_set_header        Host $host;
            proxy_set_header        X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
            proxy_set_header        X-Forwarded-For     $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
            proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
        }

三、代理静态资源：

server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;
        #charset koi8-r;
        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;
        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
            proxy_pass http://localhost:9999;
        }
        #访问方式：http://localhost/file/或http://localhost/file
        location ^~  /file{
            alias   E:/jdk1.8;
            autoindex on;
            autoindex_exact_size off;
            autoindex_localtime on;
            ssi on;
            ssi_silent_errors on;
            proxy_redirect          off;
            proxy_set_header        Host $host;
            proxy_set_header        X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
            proxy_set_header        X-Forwarded-For     $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
            proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
        }

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四、使用同一个Nginx配置文件同时代理多个后端服务、静态资源：

events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}
http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    sendfile        on;
    keepalive_timeout  65;  
    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;
        #访问方式：http://localhost/demo/code/getCode，代理到http://localhost:9999/demo/code/getCode接口
        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
            proxy_pass http://localhost:9999;
        }
         #访问方式：http://localhost/mytest/demo/code/getCode，代理到http://localhost:7777/demo/code/getCode接口
         location /mytest/ {
            proxy_pass http://localhost:7777/;
        }
        #访问方式：http://localhost/test/或http://localhost/test
        location ^~  /test{
            alias   F:/aaa;
            index test.html;
            autoindex on;
            autoindex_exact_size off;
            autoindex_localtime on;
            ssi on;
            ssi_silent_errors on;
            proxy_redirect          off;
            proxy_set_header        Host $host;
            proxy_set_header        X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
            proxy_set_header        X-Forwarded-For     $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
            proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
        }
        #访问方式：http://localhost/file/或http://localhost/file
        location ^~  /file{
            alias   E:;
            autoindex on;
            autoindex_exact_size off;
            autoindex_localtime on;
            ssi on;
            ssi_silent_errors on;
            proxy_redirect          off;
            proxy_set_header        Host $host;
            proxy_set_header        X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
            proxy_set_header        X-Forwarded-For     $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
            proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
        }
    } 
}

五、使用Nginx实现负载均衡：使用upstream。

如同一个服务在本地分别启动9999和7777两个端口：

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修改nginx配置并重启：注意weight和=中间不要有空格

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这时候访问localhost:9991/demo/code/getCode，可以看到本地9999和7777两个端口在轮询调用。

再如：

upstream mydemoservice{
      server  localhost:7777 weight=5;
       server localhost:9999 weight=5;
    }
    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;
        #访问方式：http://localhost/demo/code/getCode，代理到http://localhost:9999/demo/code/getCode接口
        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
            proxy_pass http://localhost:9999;
        }
        location /myserver/ {
            proxy_pass http://mydemoservice/;
        }