python打包apk闪退问题以及美化

青旅半醒 2022-11-27 08:51 328阅读 0赞

### python打包apk闪退问题以及美化 ###

*  一、闪退问题
 *   *  （一）闪退原因
     *  （二）解决方法
     *  （三）修改的地方
 *  二、美化问题
 *   *  （一）打包后的图标
     *  （二）运行界面
     *  三、完整的buildozer.spec文件

# 一、闪退问题 #

![在这里插入图片描述][20200814161907820.gif_pic_center]

## （一）闪退原因 ##

运行出现错误，可以尝试使用源文件在python环境中运行就会发现其错误

## （二）解决方法 ##

我此处的错误在于缺失了某些包，  
类似于Plaggable的这篇博客  
《Buildozer生成的APP闪退+PermissionError故障排除记录》，链接: [Buildozer生成的APP闪退+PermissionError故障排除记录][Buildozer_APP_PermissionError].

也是在这篇博客中发现了可能是本来运行时缺少了某些东西（因为自己实在pycharm中编译的，在打包的linux中就没有在试运行了）以及buildozer.spec文件的重要性

buildozer.spec文件内容的具体含义可见  
evil-tomato：《使用Buildozer部署Kivy到移动设备上》，  
链接: [使用Buildozer部署Kivy到移动设备上][Buildozer_Kivy].

## （三）修改的地方 ##

除了必须要修改的app

# (str) Title of your application 
    title = Photos
    #(str) Package name 更改2
    package.name = photos
    # (str) Package domain (needed for android/ios packaging)

title自然不用说了  
而package name 和Package domain 是什么了？

就是下面这个东西，其实就是包名，直接在手机中应该是找不到的，因为需要root权限，我这个实在夜神模拟器中找到了，因为自带root  
![在这里插入图片描述][20200814163049105.png_pic_center]  
进入是会询问权限问题  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3B5dGhvbl9fcmVwb3J0ZWQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center]  
一般是用不上，只有在调试的时候需要拥有这个权限，只有这样才能使用adb命令进入根目录（具体的我没有实测，因为是在模拟器上完成的，不过之前试图修改过系统证书，发现大部分涉及安卓调试的都是需要root权限的）  
将之前缺失的requests以及lxml添加进去后即可  
即

# (list) Application requirements 更改4
    requirements =python3,kivy,requests,lxml，

然后是网络权限

# (list) Permissions
    android.permissions = INTERNET

# 二、美化问题 #

美化其实就是将图标以及导入的图片换掉

# (str) Presplash of the application
    presplash.filename = %(source.dir)s/hourse.png
    
    # (str) Icon of the application
    icon.filename = %(source.dir)s/title.png

均为512\*512格式的png图片

## （一）打包后的图标 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][20200814165643519.png_pic_center]  
第三个first\_movie就是更换图标后的app

## （二）运行界面 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][20200814170836866.gif_pic_center]

## 三、完整的buildozer.spec文件 ##

修改的地方就是上述地方

[app]
    
    # (str) Title of your application
    title = first_movie
    
    # (str) Package name
    package.name = requests_first_movie
    
    # (str) Package domain (needed for android/ios packaging)
    package.domain = org.kivydev
    
    # (str) Source code where the main.py live
    source.dir =.
    
    # (list) Source files to include (let empty to include all the files)
    source.include_exts = py, png, jpg, kv, atlas, ttf
    
    # (list) List of inclusions using pattern matching
    # source.include_patterns = assets/*,images/*.png
    
    # (list) Source files to exclude (let empty to not exclude anything)
    # source.exclude_exts = spec
    
    # (list) List of directory to exclude (let empty to not exclude anything)
    # source.exclude_dirs = tests, bin
    
    # (list) List of exclusions using pattern matching
    # source.exclude_patterns = license,images/*/*.jpg
    
    # (str) Application versioning (method 1)
    version = 0.1
    
    # (str) Application versioning (method 2)
    # version.regex = __version__ = ['"](.*)['"]
    # version.filename = %(source.dir)s/main.py
    
    # (list) Application requirements
    # comma separated e.g. requirements = sqlite3,kivy
    requirements = python3, kivy, requests, lxml
    
    # (str) Custom source folders for requirements
    # Sets custom source for any requirements with recipes
    # requirements.source.kivy = ../../kivy
    
    # (list) Garden requirements
    # garden_requirements =
    
    # (str) Presplash of the application
    presplash.filename = % (source.dir)
    s / hourse.png
    
    # (str) Icon of the application
    icon.filename = % (source.dir)
    s / title.png
    
    # (str) Supported orientation (one of landscape, sensorLandscape, portrait or all)
    orientation = portrait
    
    # (list) List of service to declare
    # services = NAME:ENTRYPOINT_TO_PY,NAME2:ENTRYPOINT2_TO_PY
    
    #
    # OSX Specific
    #
    
    #
    # author = © Copyright Info
    
    # change the major version of python used by the app
    osx.python_version = 3
    
    # Kivy version to use
    osx.kivy_version = 1.9
    .1
    
    #
    # Android specific
    #
    
    # (bool) Indicate if the application should be fullscreen or not
    fullscreen = 0
    
    # (string) Presplash background color (for new android toolchain)
    # Supported formats are: #RRGGBB #AARRGGBB or one of the following names:
    # red, blue, green, black, white, gray, cyan, magenta, yellow, lightgray,
    # darkgray, grey, lightgrey, darkgrey, aqua, fuchsia, lime, maroon, navy,
    # olive, purple, silver, teal.
    # android.presplash_color = #FFFFFF
    
    # (list) Permissions
    android.permissions = INTERNET
    
    # (int) Target Android API, should be as high as possible.
    android.api = 27
    
    # (int) Minimum API your APK will support.
    android.minapi = 21
    
    # (int) Android SDK version to use
    # android.sdk = 27
    
    # (str) Android NDK version to use
    android.ndk = 19
    c
    
    # (int) Android NDK API to use. This is the minimum API your app will support, it should usually match android.minapi.
    android.ndk_api = 21
    
    # (bool) Use --private data storage (True) or --dir public storage (False)
    # android.private_storage = True
    
    # (str) Android NDK directory (if empty, it will be automatically downloaded.)
    android.ndk_path = / home / kivydev / andr / android - ndk - r19c
    
    # (str) Android SDK directory (if empty, it will be automatically downloaded.)
    android.sdk_path = / home / kivydev / andr / android - sdk - linux
    
    # (str) ANT directory (if empty, it will be automatically downloaded.)
    android.ant_path = / home / kivydev / andr / apache - ant - 1.9
    .4
    
    # (bool) If True, then skip trying to update the Android sdk
    # This can be useful to avoid excess Internet downloads or save time
    # when an update is due and you just want to test/build your package
    # android.skip_update = False
    
    # (bool) If True, then automatically accept SDK license
    # agreements. This is intended for automation only. If set to False,
    # the default, you will be shown the license when first running
    # buildozer.
    # android.accept_sdk_license = False
    
    # (str) Android entry point, default is ok for Kivy-based app
    # android.entrypoint = org.renpy.android.PythonActivity
    
    # (str) Android app theme, default is ok for Kivy-based app
    # android.apptheme = "@android:style/Theme.NoTitleBar"
    
    # (list) Pattern to whitelist for the whole project
    # android.whitelist =
    
    # (str) Path to a custom whitelist file
    # android.whitelist_src =
    
    # (str) Path to a custom blacklist file
    # android.blacklist_src =
    
    # (list) List of Java .jar files to add to the libs so that pyjnius can access
    # their classes. Don't add jars that you do not need, since extra jars can slow
    # down the build process. Allows wildcards matching, for example:
    # OUYA-ODK/libs/*.jar
    # android.add_jars = foo.jar,bar.jar,path/to/more/*.jar
    
    # (list) List of Java files to add to the android project (can be java or a
    # directory containing the files)
    # android.add_src =
    
    # (list) Android AAR archives to add (currently works only with sdl2_gradle
    # bootstrap)
    # android.add_aars =
    
    # (list) Gradle dependencies to add (currently works only with sdl2_gradle
    # bootstrap)
    # android.gradle_dependencies =
    
    # (list) add java compile options
    # this can for example be necessary when importing certain java libraries using the 'android.gradle_dependencies' option
    # see https://developer.android.com/studio/write/java8-support for further information
    # android.add_compile_options = "sourceCompatibility = 1.8", "targetCompatibility = 1.8"
    
    # (list) Gradle repositories to add {can be necessary for some android.gradle_dependencies}
    # please enclose in double quotes 
    # e.g. android.gradle_repositories = "maven { url 'https://kotlin.bintray.com/ktor' }"
    # android.add_gradle_repositories =
    
    # (list) packaging options to add 
    # see https://google.github.io/android-gradle-dsl/current/com.android.build.gradle.internal.dsl.PackagingOptions.html
    # can be necessary to solve conflicts in gradle_dependencies
    # please enclose in double quotes 
    # e.g. android.add_packaging_options = "exclude 'META-INF/common.kotlin_module'", "exclude 'META-INF/*.kotlin_module'"
    # android.add_gradle_repositories =
    
    # (list) Java classes to add as activities to the manifest.
    # android.add_activites = com.example.ExampleActivity
    
    # (str) OUYA Console category. Should be one of GAME or APP
    # If you leave this blank, OUYA support will not be enabled
    # android.ouya.category = GAME
    
    # (str) Filename of OUYA Console icon. It must be a 732x412 png image.
    # android.ouya.icon.filename = %(source.dir)s/data/ouya_icon.png
    
    # (str) XML file to include as an intent filters in <activity> tag
    # android.manifest.intent_filters =
    
    # (str) launchMode to set for the main activity
    # android.manifest.launch_mode = standard
    
    # (list) Android additional libraries to copy into libs/armeabi
    # android.add_libs_armeabi = libs/android/*.so
    # android.add_libs_armeabi_v7a = libs/android-v7/*.so
    # android.add_libs_arm64_v8a = libs/android-v8/*.so
    # android.add_libs_x86 = libs/android-x86/*.so
    # android.add_libs_mips = libs/android-mips/*.so
    
    # (bool) Indicate whether the screen should stay on
    # Don't forget to add the WAKE_LOCK permission if you set this to True
    # android.wakelock = False
    
    # (list) Android application meta-data to set (key=value format)
    # android.meta_data =
    
    # (list) Android library project to add (will be added in the
    # project.properties automatically.)
    # android.library_references =
    
    # (list) Android shared libraries which will be added to AndroidManifest.xml using <uses-library> tag
    # android.uses_library =
    
    # (str) Android logcat filters to use
    # android.logcat_filters = *:S python:D
    
    # (bool) Copy library instead of making a libpymodules.so
    # android.copy_libs = 1
    
    # (str) The Android arch to build for, choices: armeabi-v7a, arm64-v8a, x86, x86_64
    android.arch = armeabi - v7a
    
    #
    # Python for android (p4a) specific
    #
    
    # (str) python-for-android fork to use, defaults to upstream (kivy)
    # p4a.fork = kivy
    
    # (str) python-for-android branch to use, defaults to master
    # p4a.branch = master
    
    # (str) python-for-android git clone directory (if empty, it will be automatically cloned from github)
    # p4a.source_dir = 
    
    # (str) The directory in which python-for-android should look for your own build recipes (if any)
    # p4a.local_recipes =
    
    # (str) Filename to the hook for p4a
    # p4a.hook =
    
    # (str) Bootstrap to use for android builds
    # p4a.bootstrap = sdl2
    
    # (int) port number to specify an explicit --port= p4a argument (eg for bootstrap flask)
    # p4a.port =
    
    #
    # iOS specific
    #
    
    # (str) Path to a custom kivy-ios folder
    # ios.kivy_ios_dir = ../kivy-ios
    # Alternately, specify the URL and branch of a git checkout:
    ios.kivy_ios_url = https: // github.com / kivy / kivy - ios
    ios.kivy_ios_branch = master
    
    # Another platform dependency: ios-deploy
    # Uncomment to use a custom checkout
    # ios.ios_deploy_dir = ../ios_deploy
    # Or specify URL and branch
    ios.ios_deploy_url = https: // github.com / phonegap / ios - deploy
    ios.ios_deploy_branch = 1.7
    .0
    
    # (str) Name of the certificate to use for signing the debug version
    # Get a list of available identities: buildozer ios list_identities
    # ios.codesign.debug = "iPhone Developer: <lastname> <firstname> (<hexstring>)"
    
    # (str) Name of the certificate to use for signing the release version
    # ios.codesign.release = %(ios.codesign.debug)s
    
    [buildozer]
    
    # (int) Log level (0 = error only, 1 = info, 2 = debug (with command output))
    log_level = 2
    
    # (int) Display warning if buildozer is run as root (0 = False, 1 = True)
    warn_on_root = 1
    
    # (str) Path to build artifact storage, absolute or relative to spec file
    build_dir = / home / kivydev / test /.buildozer
    
    # (str) Path to build output (i.e. .apk, .ipa) storage
    # bin_dir = ./bin
    
    #    -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    #    List as sections
    #
    #    You can define all the "list" as [section:key].
    #    Each line will be considered as a option to the list.
    #    Let's take [app] / source.exclude_patterns.
    #    Instead of doing:
    #
    # [app]
    # source.exclude_patterns = license,data/audio/*.wav,data/images/original/*
    #
    #    This can be translated into:
    #
    # [app:source.exclude_patterns]
    # license
    # data/audio/*.wav
    # data/images/original/*
    #
    
    #    -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    #    Profiles
    #
    #    You can extend section / key with a profile
    #    For example, you want to deploy a demo version of your application without
    #    HD content. You could first change the title to add "(demo)" in the name
    #    and extend the excluded directories to remove the HD content.
    #
    # [app@demo]
    # title = My Application (demo)
    #
    # [app:source.exclude_patterns@demo]
    # images/hd/*
    #
    #    Then, invoke the command line with the "demo" profile:
    #
    # buildozer --profile demo android debug

[20200814161907820.gif_pic_center]: /images/20221124/67b8f9f56b3146338ff499770448fdf5.png
[Buildozer_APP_PermissionError]: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_42269667/article/details/106517353
[Buildozer_Kivy]: https://blog.csdn.net/fangxuejiang/article/details/49405277
[20200814163049105.png_pic_center]: /images/20221124/01750ea8cd604562873377be21194193.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3B5dGhvbl9fcmVwb3J0ZWQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center]: /images/20221124/2e0f516f39fa45a186a705b4fd7fbee9.png
[20200814165643519.png_pic_center]: /images/20221124/8960803c5e3349479e9f5151f44cfaee.png
[20200814170836866.gif_pic_center]: /images/20221124/931d88bae69748c0b045b192b8bb3a8f.png