Java后台获取Cookie

蔚落 2022-11-21 15:26 518阅读 0赞

Cookie概念：Cookie服务器发送给浏览器的一小段文本信息

Java后台获取Cookie正常操作：

Cookie[] cookies = request.getCookies();
    if(cookies != null && cookies.length > 0){
         for (Cookie cookie : cookies){
             return cookie.getName() + " " + cookie.getValue();
         }
     }

但是，只能获取自己域里的cookie，即localhost域下的Cookie，无法获取其他域里的Cookie。

获取其他域里的Cookie：

1.通过浏览器开发者模式查看相应域里的Cookie，通过Cookie获取值；

2.通过HttpClient向服务器发送登录请求，获取相应结果里的Set-Cookie,下次向服务器发送请求时带上Cookie；

3.通过WebMagic框架selenium模拟浏览器实现登陆

方法二案例：

import java.io.IOException;
    import java.util.LinkedList;
    import java.util.List;
    import org.apache.http.Consts;
    import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
    import org.apache.http.client.CookieStore;
    import org.apache.http.client.config.CookieSpecs;
    import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;
    import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
    import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
    import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
    import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
    import org.apache.http.client.protocol.HttpClientContext;
    import org.apache.http.cookie.Cookie;
    import org.apache.http.impl.client.BasicCookieStore;
    import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
    import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
    import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
    import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
    
    /**
     * @auther mxh
     * @time 2019/5/20 13:48
     */
    public class ZhiHuTest {
    
        public static void main(String[] args) throws java.text.ParseException {
            String name = "******@qq.com"; //
            String password = "******"; //
    
            // 全局请求设置
            RequestConfig globalConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setCookieSpec(CookieSpecs.STANDARD).build();
            // 创建cookie store的本地实例
            CookieStore cookieStore = new BasicCookieStore();
            // 创建HttpClient上下文
            HttpClientContext context = HttpClientContext.create();
            context.setCookieStore(cookieStore);
    
            // 创建一个HttpClient
            CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.custom().setDefaultRequestConfig(globalConfig)
                    .setDefaultCookieStore(cookieStore).build();
    
            CloseableHttpResponse res = null;
    
            // 创建本地的HTTP内容
            try {
                try {
                    // 创建一个get请求用来获取必要的Cookie，如_xsrf信息
                    HttpGet get = new HttpGet("http://www.zhihu.com/");
    
                    res = httpClient.execute(get, context);
                    // 获取常用Cookie,包括_xsrf信息
                    System.out.println("访问知乎首页后的获取的常规Cookie:===============");
                    for (Cookie c : cookieStore.getCookies()) {
                        System.out.println(c.getName() + ": " + c.getValue());
                    }
                    res.close();
    
                    // 构造post数据
                    List<NameValuePair> valuePairs = new LinkedList<NameValuePair>();
                    valuePairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair("email", name));
                    valuePairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair("password", password));
                    valuePairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair("remember_me", "true"));
                    UrlEncodedFormEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(valuePairs, Consts.UTF_8);
                    entity.setContentType("application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
    
                    // 创建一个post请求
                    HttpPost post = new HttpPost("https://www.zhihu.com/login/email");
                    // 注入post数据
                    post.setEntity(entity);
                    res = httpClient.execute(post, context);
    
                    // 打印响应信息，查看是否登陆是否成功
                    System.out.println("打印响应信息===========");
                    System.out.println(res.toString());
                    res.close();
    
                    System.out.println("登陆成功后,新的Cookie:===============");
                    for (Cookie c : context.getCookieStore().getCookies()) {
                        System.out.println(c.getName() + ": " + c.getValue());
                    }
    
                    // 构造一个新的get请求，用来测试登录是否成功
                    HttpGet newGet = new HttpGet("https://www.zhihu.com/question/293207596/answer/684673400");
                    res = httpClient.execute(newGet, context);
                    String content = EntityUtils.toString(res.getEntity());
                    System.out.println("登陆成功后访问的页面===============");
                    System.out.println(content);
                    res.close();
    
                } finally {
                    httpClient.close();
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    
    }

上述代码，只要网站登陆登录过程不是太繁琐，如需要验证则不太实用

方案三实现代码：

// 自动登陆方法
        public void login() {
            //注册chrome
            System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "D:\\chromedriver.exe");
            WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
            driver.get("http://login.jiayuan.com/?refrer=http://www.jiayuan.com&host=0");// 打开网址
            // 防止页面未能及时加载出来而设置一段时间延迟
            try {
                Thread.sleep(2000);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            // 设置用户名密码
            driver.findElement(By.id("login_email")).sendKeys("15735400536"); // 用户名
            driver.findElement(By.id("login_password")).sendKeys("mxh970923"); // 密码
            // 模拟点击   //form[@id='form-group-login']/button
            driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id=\"login_btn\"]"))
                    .click(); // xpath语言：id为form-group-login的form下的button
    
            // 防止页面未能及时加载出来而设置一段时间延迟
            try {
                Thread.sleep(15000);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
    
            // 获取cookie信息
            cookies = driver.manage().getCookies();
    
            driver.close();
        }