使用阿里云OSS存储文件

浅浅的花香味﹌ 2022-11-21 11:26 399阅读 0赞

**使用阿里云OSS存储文件**

*  **创建 bucket （存储空间）**

存储类型选择 **低频访问存储**  
同城冗余存储选择 **关闭**  
版本控制选择 **不开通**  
读写权限选择 **公共读写**  
服务端加密方式选择 **无**  
实时日志查询选择 **不开通**  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0JMVV8xMTE_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_left]

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*  **创建 RAM 账号**

勾选 **控制台访问** 和 **编程访问**  
控制台密码选择 **自动生成默认密码**  
要求重置密码选择 **无需重置**  
多因素认证选择 **无需开启**  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0JMVV8xMTE_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_left 1]

*  **确定创建后，将进入以下页面，注意保存 AccessKey 信息（关闭该页面后将不再显示）**

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*  **创建 用户组，并授予 OSS 相关权限，将刚刚创建的 RAM 账号添加进该用户组**  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0JMVV8xMTE_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_left 2]  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0JMVV8xMTE_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_left 3]
 *  **在项目中添加以下依赖：**

<dependency>
    	<groupId>com.aliyun.oss</groupId>
    	<artifactId>aliyun-sdk-oss</artifactId>
    	<version>3.10.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
    	<groupId>joda-time</groupId>
    	<artifactId>joda-time</artifactId>
    	<version>2.9.9</version>
    </dependency>

*  **在application.yml 中添加 endpoint 和 accessKey 相关信息**

注：endpoint 必须与 创建的 bucket 所在区域保持一致，我这里选择的是杭州节点

alioss: 
      endpoint: oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com
      accessKeyId: LTAI4G8eXoyQNb7iJ7ZyyWkL
      accessKeySecret: pwnebkgnxaTjjP21EFoeFaFdCmWeUD
      bucketName: blu-bucket-test

**可以在之前创建的 bucket 中查找到 与之对应的 endpoint 信息：**  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0JMVV8xMTE_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_left 4]

*  **创建 OssEntity 实体类，绑定配置文件中的 accessKey 信息，并加上 @Component 注解**

@Data
    @Component
    @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "alioss")
    public class OssEntity { 
    	
    	private String endpoint;
    	private String accessKeyId;
    	private String accessKeySecret;
    	private String bucketName;
    
    }

*  **AliOssService 接口**

package com.blu.service;
    
    import java.io.IOException;
    
    import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
    
    public interface AliOssService { 
    	
    	/** * 创建存储空间bucket */
    	void createBucket();
    	
    	/** * 上传文件 */
    	String upload(MultipartFile file);
    	
    	/** * 下载文件 */
    	void download(String fileName) throws IOException;
    
    	/** * 列举文件 */
    	void listFile();
    	
    	/** * 删除文件 */
    	void deleteFile(String fileName);
    
    }

*  **AliOssServiceImpl**

package com.blu.service.Impl;
    
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.io.InputStream;
    import java.util.Date;
    import java.util.UUID;
    
    import org.joda.time.DateTime;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.InitializingBean;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
    import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
    
    import com.aliyun.oss.OSS;
    import com.aliyun.oss.OSSClientBuilder;
    import com.aliyun.oss.model.CannedAccessControlList;
    import com.aliyun.oss.model.OSSObjectSummary;
    import com.aliyun.oss.model.ObjectListing;
    import com.aliyun.oss.model.ObjectMetadata;
    import com.blu.entity.OssEntity;
    import com.blu.service.AliOssService;
    
    @Service
    public class AliOssServiceImpl implements AliOssService,InitializingBean { 
    	
    	@Autowired
    	private OssEntity ossEntity;
    
    	private String endpoint;
    	private String accessKeyId;
    	private String accessKeySecret;
    	private String bucketName;
    
    	/** * 初始化Bean之后需要进行的操作 */
    	@Override
    	public void afterPropertiesSet() throws Exception { 
    		endpoint = ossEntity.getEndpoint();
    		accessKeyId = ossEntity.getAccessKeyId();
    		accessKeySecret = ossEntity.getAccessKeySecret();
    		bucketName = ossEntity.getBucketName();
    	}
    	
    	@Override
    	public void createBucket() { 
    		OSS ossClient = new OSSClientBuilder().build(endpoint, accessKeyId,accessKeySecret);
    		if(ossClient.doesBucketExist(bucketName)) { 
    			throw new RuntimeException(bucketName+ "在对象存储的Bucket列表中已经存在");
    		} else { 
    			ossClient.createBucket(bucketName);
    		}
    		ossClient.shutdown();
    	}
    
    	@Override
    	public String upload(MultipartFile file) { 
    		String uploadUrl = null;
            try { 
                OSS ossClient = new OSSClientBuilder().build(endpoint, accessKeyId, accessKeySecret);
                if(!ossClient.doesBucketExist(bucketName)){ 
                    //创建Bucket
                    ossClient.createBucket(bucketName);
                    //设置bucket的属性为公共读
                    ossClient.setBucketAcl(bucketName, CannedAccessControlList.PublicRead);
                }
                //获取上传的文件流
                InputStream inputStream = file.getInputStream();
                //构建日期的文件夹路径 avator/2020/10/14/文件名
                String datePath = new DateTime().toString("yyyy/MM/dd");
                //获取上传文件的全名称
                String originalFilename = file.getOriginalFilename();
                //获取UUID,并去除横杠 a98059d4-633c-4b55-b310-93c997cf8038
                String fileName = UUID.randomUUID().toString().replaceAll("-", "");
                //获取上传文件的扩展名
                String fileType = originalFilename.substring(originalFilename.lastIndexOf("."));
                //拼接文件名称
                String newName = fileName + fileType;
                //生成文件夹+文件名 avator/2020/10/14/a98059d4633c4b55b31093c997cf8038.jpg
                fileName = datePath + "/" + newName;
                //如果想要实现图片预览的效果，一定要设置以下几点：
                //1.设置文件的ACL（权限）为公共读或公共读写
                //2.设置文本类型（image/jpg）
                ObjectMetadata objectMetadata = new ObjectMetadata();
                objectMetadata.setObjectAcl(CannedAccessControlList.PublicRead);
                objectMetadata.setContentType(getContentType(fileType));
                //上传文件
                ossClient.putObject(bucketName,fileName,inputStream,objectMetadata);
                //关闭ossClient
                ossClient.shutdown();
                //默认十年不过期
                Date expiration = new Date(System.currentTimeMillis() + 3600L * 1000 * 24 * 365 * 10);
                uploadUrl = ossClient.generatePresignedUrl(bucketName, fileName, expiration).toString();
            } catch (IOException e) { 
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            return uploadUrl.substring(0,uploadUrl.indexOf("?"));
    	}
    
    	@Override
    	public void download(String fileName) throws IOException { 
    		
    	}
    
    	@Override
    	public void listFile() { 
    		OSS ossClient = new OSSClientBuilder().build(endpoint, accessKeyId, accessKeySecret);
            ObjectListing objectListing = ossClient.listObjects(bucketName);
            for (OSSObjectSummary ossObjectSummary : objectListing.getObjectSummaries()) { 
                System.out.println("-"+ossObjectSummary.getKey()+" "+"(size = "+ ossObjectSummary.getSize() + ")");
            }
            //关闭ossClient
            ossClient.shutdown();
    	}
    
    	@Override
    	public void deleteFile(String fileName) { 
    		String objectName = fileName;
            OSS ossClient = new OSSClientBuilder().build(endpoint, accessKeyId, accessKeySecret);
            ossClient.deleteObject(bucketName,objectName);
            ossClient.shutdown();
    	}
    	
    	public static String getContentType(String FilenameExtension) { 
            if (FilenameExtension.equalsIgnoreCase(".bmp")) { 
                return "image/bmp";
            }
            if (FilenameExtension.equalsIgnoreCase(".gif")) { 
                return "image/gif";
            }
            if (FilenameExtension.equalsIgnoreCase(".jpg")) { 
                return "image/jpg";
            }
            if (FilenameExtension.equalsIgnoreCase(".png")) { 
                return "image/png";
            }
            if (FilenameExtension.equalsIgnoreCase(".jpeg")) { 
                return "image/jpeg";
            }
            if (FilenameExtension.equalsIgnoreCase(".vsd")) { 
                return "application/vnd.visio";
            }
            if (FilenameExtension.equalsIgnoreCase(".pptx")) { 
                return "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint";
            }
            if (FilenameExtension.equalsIgnoreCase(".ppt")) { 
                return "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint";
            }
            if (FilenameExtension.equalsIgnoreCase(".docx")) { 
                return "application/msword";
            }
            if (FilenameExtension.equalsIgnoreCase(".doc")) { 
                return "application/msword";
            }
            if (FilenameExtension.equalsIgnoreCase(".xml")) { 
                return "text/xml";
            }
            if (FilenameExtension.equalsIgnoreCase(".html")) { 
                return "text/html";
            }
            if (FilenameExtension.equalsIgnoreCase(".txt")) { 
                return "text/plain";
            }
            return "text/plain";
        }
    
    }

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