Onvif协议：IPC客户端开发之获取实时预览的Url地址

Myth丶恋晨 2022-11-21 04:21 1104阅读 0赞

# 介绍 #

Onvif协议对前端摄像头的取流是通过标准Rtsp协议，因此我们就需要通过Onvif协议获取到需要预览摄像头的Rtsp的地址，将拿到的RTSP通过VLC或者其他的RTSP客户端取流预览前端摄像头。

# 编码流程 #

*  通过「设备发现」，得到 「设备服务地址」。
 *  使用「设备服务地址」调用GetCapabilities接口，得到「媒体服务地址」。
 *  使用「媒体服务地址」调用GetProfiles接口，得到主次码流的「媒体配置信息」，其中包含ProfileToken
 *  根据获取到的token调用对应的接口获取到RTSP地址

注：获取的token包含了主码流、辅码流的token已经各种配置的token，可以根据自己需要自取；根据主、辅码流的toekn获取到的是对应主、辅码流的RTSP地址。主、辅码流的RTSP地址不同，但是差异可能不大。

获取到uri之后我们就看用opencv或者ffmeg之类的看实时视频了

# 实践 #

[步骤同此一样][Link 1]

`main.cpp`改成

#include <assert.h>
    #include "soapH.h"
    #include "wsdd.nsmap"
    #include "soapStub.h"
    #include "wsseapi.h"
    #include "wsaapi.h"
    #include <map>
    
    
    
    
    #define SOAP_ASSERT     assert
    #define SOAP_DBGLOG     printf
    #define SOAP_DBGERR     printf
    
    #define SOAP_TO         "urn:schemas-xmlsoap-org:ws:2005:04:discovery"
    #define SOAP_ACTION     "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2005/04/discovery/Probe"
    
    #define SOAP_MCAST_ADDR "soap.udp://239.255.255.250:3702"                       // onvif规定的组播地址
    
    #define SOAP_ITEM       ""                                                      // 寻找的设备范围
    #define SOAP_TYPES      "dn:NetworkVideoTransmitter"                            // 寻找的设备类型
    
    #define SOAP_SOCK_TIMEOUT    (10)               // socket超时时间（单秒秒）
    
    
    
    
    void soap_perror(struct soap *soap, const char *str)
    {
        
        if (nullptr == str) {
        
            SOAP_DBGERR("[soap] error: %d, %s, %s\n", soap->error, *soap_faultcode(soap), *soap_faultstring(soap));
        } else {
        
            SOAP_DBGERR("[soap] %s error: %d, %s, %s\n", str, soap->error, *soap_faultcode(soap), *soap_faultstring(soap));
        }
    }
    
    void* ONVIF_soap_malloc(struct soap *soap, unsigned int n)
    {
        
        void *p = nullptr;
    
        if (n > 0) {
        
            p = soap_malloc(soap, n);
                    SOAP_ASSERT(nullptr != p);
            memset(p, 0x00 ,n);
        }
        return p;
    }
    
    struct soap *ONVIF_soap_new(int timeout)
    {
        
        struct soap *soap = nullptr;                                                   // soap环境变量
    
                SOAP_ASSERT(nullptr != (soap = soap_new()));
    
        soap_set_namespaces(soap, namespaces);                                      // 设置soap的namespaces
        soap->recv_timeout    = timeout;                                            // 设置超时（超过指定时间没有数据就退出）
        soap->send_timeout    = timeout;
        soap->connect_timeout = timeout;
    
    #if defined(__linux__) || defined(__linux)                                      // 参考https://www.genivia.com/dev.html#client-c的修改：
        soap->socket_flags = MSG_NOSIGNAL;                                          // To prevent connection reset errors
    #endif
    
        soap_set_mode(soap, SOAP_C_UTFSTRING);                                      // 设置为UTF-8编码，否则叠加中文OSD会乱码
    
        return soap;
    }
    
    void ONVIF_soap_delete(struct soap *soap)
    {
        
        soap_destroy(soap);                                                         // remove deserialized class instances (C++ only)
        soap_end(soap);                                                             // Clean up deserialized data (except class instances) and temporary data
        soap_done(soap);                                                            // Reset, close communications, and remove callbacks
        soap_free(soap);                                                            // Reset and deallocate the context created with soap_new or soap_copy
    }
    
    /************************************************************************
    **函数：ONVIF_init_header
    **功能：初始化soap描述消息头
    **参数：
            [in] soap - soap环境变量
    **返回：无
    **备注：
        1). 在本函数内部通过ONVIF_soap_malloc分配的内存，将在ONVIF_soap_delete中被释放
    ************************************************************************/
    void ONVIF_init_header(struct soap *soap)
    {
        
        struct SOAP_ENV__Header *header = nullptr;
    
                SOAP_ASSERT(nullptr != soap);
    
        header = (struct SOAP_ENV__Header *)ONVIF_soap_malloc(soap, sizeof(struct SOAP_ENV__Header));
        soap_default_SOAP_ENV__Header(soap, header);
        header->wsa__MessageID =  (char*)soap_wsa_rand_uuid(soap);
        header->wsa__To        = (char*)ONVIF_soap_malloc(soap, strlen(SOAP_TO) + 1);
        header->wsa__Action    = (char*)ONVIF_soap_malloc(soap, strlen(SOAP_ACTION) + 1);
        strcpy(header->wsa__To, SOAP_TO);
        strcpy(header->wsa__Action, SOAP_ACTION);
        soap->header = header;
    }
    
    /************************************************************************
    **函数：ONVIF_init_ProbeType
    **功能：初始化探测设备的范围和类型
    **参数：
            [in]  soap  - soap环境变量
            [out] probe - 填充要探测的设备范围和类型
    **返回：
            0表明探测到，非0表明未探测到
    **备注：
        1). 在本函数内部通过ONVIF_soap_malloc分配的内存，将在ONVIF_soap_delete中被释放
    ************************************************************************/
    void ONVIF_init_ProbeType(struct soap *soap, struct wsdd__ProbeType *probe)
    {
        
        struct wsdd__ScopesType *scope = nullptr;                                      // 用于描述查找哪类的Web服务
    
                SOAP_ASSERT(nullptr != soap);
                SOAP_ASSERT(nullptr != probe);
    
        scope = (struct wsdd__ScopesType *)ONVIF_soap_malloc(soap, sizeof(struct wsdd__ScopesType));
        soap_default_wsdd__ScopesType(soap, scope);                                 // 设置寻找设备的范围
        scope->__item = (char*)ONVIF_soap_malloc(soap, strlen(SOAP_ITEM) + 1);
        strcpy(scope->__item, SOAP_ITEM);
    
        memset(probe, 0x00, sizeof(struct wsdd__ProbeType));
        soap_default_wsdd__ProbeType(soap, probe);
        probe->Scopes = scope;
        probe->Types  = (char*)ONVIF_soap_malloc(soap, strlen(SOAP_TYPES) + 1);     // 设置寻找设备的类型
        strcpy(probe->Types, SOAP_TYPES);
    }
    
    void ONVIF_DetectDevice(void (*cb)(char *DeviceXAddr))
    {
        
        int i;
        int result = 0;
        unsigned int count = 0;                                                     // 搜索到的设备个数
        struct soap *soap = nullptr;                                                   // soap环境变量
        struct wsdd__ProbeType      req;                                            // 用于发送Probe消息
        struct __wsdd__ProbeMatches rep;                                            // 用于接收Probe应答
        struct wsdd__ProbeMatchType *probeMatch;
    
                SOAP_ASSERT(nullptr != (soap = ONVIF_soap_new(SOAP_SOCK_TIMEOUT)));
    
        ONVIF_init_header(soap);                                                    // 设置消息头描述
        ONVIF_init_ProbeType(soap, &req);                                           // 设置寻找的设备的范围和类型
        result = soap_send___wsdd__Probe(soap, SOAP_MCAST_ADDR, nullptr, &req);        // 向组播地址广播Probe消息
        while (SOAP_OK == result)                                                   // 开始循环接收设备发送过来的消息
        {
        
            memset(&rep, 0x00, sizeof(rep));
            result = soap_recv___wsdd__ProbeMatches(soap, &rep);
            if (SOAP_OK == result) {
        
                if (soap->error) {
        
                    soap_perror(soap, "ProbeMatches");
                } else {
                                                                    // 成功接收到设备的应答消息
                    //  printf("__sizeProbeMatch:%d\n",rep.wsdd__ProbeMatches->__sizeProbeMatch);
    
                    if (nullptr != rep.wsdd__ProbeMatches) {
        
                        count += rep.wsdd__ProbeMatches->__sizeProbeMatch;
                        for(i = 0; i < rep.wsdd__ProbeMatches->__sizeProbeMatch; i++) {
        
                            probeMatch = rep.wsdd__ProbeMatches->ProbeMatch + i;
                            if (nullptr != cb ) {
        
                                std::string url = probeMatch->XAddrs;
                                if(url == "http://192.168.0.116/onvif/device_service"){
        
                                    cb(probeMatch->XAddrs);                             // 使用设备服务地址执行函数回调
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            } else if (soap->error) {
        
                break;
            }
        }
    
        SOAP_DBGLOG("\ndetect end! It has detected %d devices!\n", count);
    
        if (nullptr != soap) {
        
            ONVIF_soap_delete(soap);
        }
    
    }
    
    
    #define SOAP_CHECK_ERROR(result, soap, str) \
        do { \
            if (SOAP_OK != (result) || SOAP_OK != (soap)->error) { \
                soap_perror((soap), (str)); \
                if (SOAP_OK == (result)) { \
                    (result) = (soap)->error; \
                } \
                goto EXIT; \
            } \
    } while (0)
    
    
    
    /************************************************************************
    **函数：ONVIF_SetAuthInfo
    **功能：设置认证信息
    **参数：
            [in] soap     - soap环境变量
            [in] username - 用户名
            [in] password - 密码
    **返回：
            0表明成功，非0表明失败
    **备注：
    ************************************************************************/
    static int ONVIF_SetAuthInfo(struct soap *soap, const char *username, const char *password)
    {
        
        int result = 0;
    
                SOAP_ASSERT(nullptr != username);
                SOAP_ASSERT(nullptr != password);
    
        result = soap_wsse_add_UsernameTokenDigest(soap, NULL, username, password);
        SOAP_CHECK_ERROR(result, soap, "add_UsernameTokenDigest");
    
        EXIT:
    
        return result;
    }
    
    #define USERNAME    "admin"
    #define PASSWORD    "hik12345"
    /************************************************************************
    **函数：ONVIF_GetDeviceInformation
    **功能：获取设备基本信息
    **参数：
            [in] DeviceXAddr - 设备服务地址
    **返回：
            0表明成功，非0表明失败
    **备注：
    ************************************************************************/
    int ONVIF_GetDeviceInformation(const char *DeviceXAddr)
    {
        
        int result = 0;
        struct soap *soap = nullptr;
        _tds__GetDeviceInformation           devinfo_req;
        _tds__GetDeviceInformationResponse   devinfo_resp;
    
                SOAP_ASSERT(nullptr != DeviceXAddr);
                SOAP_ASSERT(nullptr != (soap = ONVIF_soap_new(SOAP_SOCK_TIMEOUT)));
    
    
    
        ONVIF_SetAuthInfo(soap, USERNAME, PASSWORD);
    
        result = soap_call___tds__GetDeviceInformation(soap, DeviceXAddr, nullptr, &devinfo_req, devinfo_resp);
        SOAP_CHECK_ERROR(result, soap, "GetDeviceInformation");
        std::cout << "      Manufacturer:\t" << devinfo_resp.Manufacturer << "\n";
        std::cout << "      Model:\t" << devinfo_resp.Model << "\n";
        std::cout << "      FirmwareVersion:\t" << devinfo_resp.FirmwareVersion << "\n";
        std::cout << "      SerialNumber:\t" << devinfo_resp.SerialNumber << "\n";
        std::cout << "      HardwareId:\t" << devinfo_resp.HardwareId << "\n";
    
    
    
        EXIT:
    
        if (nullptr != soap) {
        
            ONVIF_soap_delete(soap);
        }
        return result;
    }
    
    
    
    /************************************************************************
    **函数：ONVIF_GetSnapshotUri
    **功能：获取设备图像抓拍地址(HTTP)
    **参数：
            [in]  MediaXAddr    - 媒体服务地址
            [in]  ProfileToken  - the media profile token
            [out] uri           - 返回的地址
            [in]  sizeuri       - 地址缓存大小
    **返回：
            0表明成功，非0表明失败
    **备注：
        1). 并非所有的ProfileToken都支持图像抓拍地址。举例：XXX品牌的IPC有如下三个配置profile0/profile1/TestMediaProfile，其中TestMediaProfile返回的图像抓拍地址就是空指针。
    ************************************************************************/
    int ONVIF_GetSnapshotUri(const std::string& MediaXAddr, const std::string& ProfileToken, std::string * snapUri)
    {
        
        int result = 0;
        struct soap *soap = nullptr;
        _trt__GetSnapshotUri         req;
        _trt__GetSnapshotUriResponse rep;
    
                SOAP_ASSERT(!MediaXAddr.empty() && !ProfileToken.empty());
                SOAP_ASSERT(nullptr != (soap = ONVIF_soap_new(SOAP_SOCK_TIMEOUT)));
    
        ONVIF_SetAuthInfo(soap, USERNAME, PASSWORD);
        req.ProfileToken = const_cast<char *>(ProfileToken.c_str());
        result = soap_call___trt__GetSnapshotUri(soap, MediaXAddr.c_str(), NULL, &req, rep);
        SOAP_CHECK_ERROR(result, soap, "GetSnapshotUri");
    
    
        if (nullptr != rep.MediaUri && nullptr != rep.MediaUri->Uri) {
        
            *snapUri = rep.MediaUri->Uri;
        }
    
        EXIT:
    
        if (NULL != soap) {
        
            ONVIF_soap_delete(soap);
        }
    
        return result;
    }
    
    
    bool ONVIF_GetProfiles(const std::string& mediaXAddr, std::string  * profilesToken)
    {
        
        int result = 0;
        struct soap *soap = nullptr;
        _trt__GetProfiles           devinfo_req;
        _trt__GetProfilesResponse   devinfo_resp;
    
                SOAP_ASSERT(!mediaXAddr.empty());
                SOAP_ASSERT(nullptr != (soap = ONVIF_soap_new(SOAP_SOCK_TIMEOUT)));
    
        ONVIF_SetAuthInfo(soap, USERNAME, PASSWORD);
        result = soap_call___trt__GetProfiles(soap, mediaXAddr.c_str(), nullptr, &devinfo_req, devinfo_resp);
        SOAP_CHECK_ERROR(result, soap, "ONVIF_GetProfiles");
    
                SOAP_ASSERT(devinfo_resp.__sizeProfiles > 0);
    
        *profilesToken = (*devinfo_resp.Profiles)->token;
    
        EXIT:
        if (nullptr != soap) {
        
            ONVIF_soap_delete(soap);
        }
    
        return result;
    }
    
    /************************************************************************
    **函数：ONVIF_GetCapabilities
    **功能：获取设备能力信息
    **参数：
            [in] DeviceXAddr - 设备服务地址
            [in]
    **返回：
            0表明成功，非0表明失败
    **备注：
        1). 其中最主要的参数之一是媒体服务地址
    ************************************************************************/
    int ONVIF_GetCapabilities(const std::string& deviceXAddr, std::string * mediaXAddr)
    {
        
        int result = 0;
        struct soap *soap = nullptr;
        _tds__GetCapabilities            devinfo_req;
        _tds__GetCapabilitiesResponse    devinfo_resp;
    
    
                SOAP_ASSERT(!deviceXAddr.empty());
                SOAP_ASSERT(nullptr != (soap = ONVIF_soap_new(SOAP_SOCK_TIMEOUT)));
    
        result = soap_call___tds__GetCapabilities(soap, deviceXAddr.c_str(), NULL, &devinfo_req, devinfo_resp);
        SOAP_CHECK_ERROR(result, soap, "GetCapabilities");
    
        if(devinfo_resp.Capabilities->Media != nullptr){
        
            *mediaXAddr = devinfo_resp.Capabilities->Media->XAddr;
        }
    
        EXIT:
    
        if (nullptr != soap) {
        
            ONVIF_soap_delete(soap);
        }
        return result;
    }
    
    
    /************************************************************************
    **函数：make_uri_withauth
    **功能：构造带有认证信息的URI地址
    **参数：
            [in]  src_uri       - 未带认证信息的URI地址
            [in]  username      - 用户名
            [in]  password      - 密码
            [out] dest_uri      - 返回的带认证信息的URI地址
            [in]  size_dest_uri - dest_uri缓存大小
    **返回：
            0成功，非0失败
    **备注：
        1). 例子：
        无认证信息的uri：rtsp://100.100.100.140:554/av0_0
        带认证信息的uri：rtsp://username:password@100.100.100.140:554/av0_0
    ************************************************************************/
    static int make_uri_withauth(const std::string& src_uri, const std::string&username, const std::string&password, std::string *dest_uri)
    {
        
        int result = 0;
    
    
                SOAP_ASSERT(!src_uri.empty());
    
        if (username.empty() &&password.empty()) {
                               // 生成新的uri地址
            *dest_uri = src_uri;
        } else {
        
            std::string::size_type position = src_uri.find("//");
            if (std::string::npos == position) {
        
                SOAP_DBGERR("can't found '//', src uri is: %s.\n", src_uri.c_str());
                result = -1;
                return result;
            }
    
            position += 2;
            dest_uri->append(src_uri,0,   position) ;
            dest_uri->append(username + ":" + password + "@");
            dest_uri->append(src_uri,position, std::string::npos) ;
        }
    
    
        return result;
    }
    
    
    /************************************************************************
    **函数：ONVIF_GetStreamUri
    **功能：获取设备码流地址(RTSP)
    **参数：
           [in]  MediaXAddr    - 媒体服务地址
           [in]  ProfileToken  - the media profile token
    **返回：
           0表明成功，非0表明失败
    **备注：
    ************************************************************************/
    int ONVIF_GetStreamUri(const std::string&MediaXAddr, const std::string&ProfileToken)
    {
        
        int result = 0;
        struct soap *soap = nullptr;
        tt__StreamSetup              ttStreamSetup;
        tt__Transport                ttTransport;
        _trt__GetStreamUri           req;
        _trt__GetStreamUriResponse   rep;
    
         SOAP_ASSERT(!MediaXAddr.empty());
         SOAP_ASSERT(nullptr != (soap = ONVIF_soap_new(SOAP_SOCK_TIMEOUT)));
    
    
        ttStreamSetup.Stream                = tt__StreamType__RTP_Unicast;
        ttStreamSetup.Transport             = &ttTransport;
        ttStreamSetup.Transport->Protocol   = tt__TransportProtocol__RTSP;
        ttStreamSetup.Transport->Tunnel     = nullptr;
        req.StreamSetup                     = &ttStreamSetup;
        req.ProfileToken                    = const_cast<char *>(ProfileToken.c_str());
    
        ONVIF_SetAuthInfo(soap, USERNAME, PASSWORD);
        result = soap_call___trt__GetStreamUri(soap, MediaXAddr.c_str(), nullptr, &req, rep);
        SOAP_CHECK_ERROR(result, soap, "GetServices");
    
    
    
        if (nullptr != rep.MediaUri) {
        
            if (nullptr != rep.MediaUri->Uri) {
        
                std::cout << rep.MediaUri->Uri << "\n";
            }
        }
    
        EXIT:
    
        if (nullptr != soap) {
        
            ONVIF_soap_delete(soap);
        }
    
        return result;
    }
    void cb_discovery(char *deviceXAddr)
    {
        
        std::string  mediaXAddr, profilesToken, snapUri, snapAuthUri;
        ONVIF_GetCapabilities(deviceXAddr, &mediaXAddr);
        ONVIF_GetProfiles(mediaXAddr, &profilesToken);
        ONVIF_GetStreamUri(mediaXAddr, profilesToken);
    /*    ONVIF_GetSnapshotUri(mediaXAddr, profilesToken, &snapUri);
        make_uri_withauth(snapUri, USERNAME, PASSWORD, &snapAuthUri);
    
        char cmd[256];
        sprintf(cmd, "wget -O %s '%s'",   "out.jpeg", snapAuthUri.c_str());                        // 使用wget下载图片
        system(cmd);*/
    }
    
    int main(int argc, char **argv)
    {
        
        ONVIF_DetectDevice(cb_discovery);
        return 0;
    }

[opencv代码打开请参考][opencv]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3poaXpoZW5nZ3Vhbg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center]

[Link 1]: https://blog.csdn.net/zhizhengguan/article/details/109379106
[opencv]: https://blog.csdn.net/zhizhengguan/article/details/107540648
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3poaXpoZW5nZ3Vhbg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center]: /images/20221120/c244d5d52e9b414da57244f3cf1a6b15.png