自定义Mapping和Mapping的属性设置

我就是我 2022-11-21 04:19 239阅读 0赞

我们一般是创建一个示例Index，自动生成Mapping，然后对这个Mapping进行修改创建自定义Mapping。Mapping的主要属性设置比如：index 默认为true，设置为false后该字段就不会创建索引，无法使用该字段搜索；null\_value 可以通过字段的null值搜索；copy\_to 把源字段拷贝到目标字段，用于搜索，不会出现在\_source里。

在es中String会细分为text或者keyword，text会分词，keyword不会分词。

### 1 index设置 ###

delete users

post users/\_doc/1  
\{  
  "firstName":"zhang",  
  "lastName":"san",  
  "phone":"10086"  
\}

get users/\_mapping

\#删除例子users 创建users的mappings  
\#phone字段不创建索引  
put users  
\{  
  "mappings" : \{  
    "properties" : \{  
      "firstName" : \{  
        "type" : "text"  
      \},  
      "lastName" : \{  
        "type" : "text"  
      \},  
      "phone" : \{  
        "type" : "text",  
        "index":false  
      \}  
    \}  
  \}  
\}

post users/\_doc/1  
\{  
  "firstName":"zhang",  
  "lastName":"san",  
  "phone":"10086"  
\}

\# 由于phone字段未创建索引 不能搜索 搜索报错  
post users/\_search  
\{  
  "query":\{  
    "match": \{  
      "phone": "10086"  
    \}  
  \}  
\}

### 2 null\_value设定 ###

delete users

put users  
\{  
  "mappings" : \{  
    "properties" : \{  
      "firstName" : \{  
        "type" : "text"  
      \},  
      "lastName" : \{  
        "type" : "text"  
      \},  
      "phone" : \{  
        "type" : "keyword",  
        "null\_value":"NULL"  
      \}  
    \}  
  \}  
\}

post users/\_doc/1  
\{  
  "firstName":"zhang",  
  "lastName":"san",  
  "phone":null  
\}

\#不会被null查询到  
post users/\_doc/2  
\{  
  "firstName":"zhang",  
  "lastName":"san"  
\}

\#只能查询到id为1的文档  
post users/\_search  
\{  
  "query":\{  
    "match": \{  
      "phone": "NULL"  
    \}  
  \}  
\}

3 copy\_to设置

delete users

put users  
\{  
  "mappings":\{  
    "properties":\{  
      "firstName":\{  
        "type":"text",  
        "copy\_to":"fullName"  
      \},  
      "lastName":\{  
        "type":"text",  
        "copy\_to":"fullName"  
      \}  
    \}  
  \}  
\}

post users/\_doc/1  
\{  
  "firstName":"zhang",  
  "lastName":"san"  
\}  
post users/\_doc/3  
\{  
  "firstName":"zhang",  
  "lastName":"a"  
\}

\# 搜索zhang 或者 san

get users/\_search?q=fullName:(zhang san)

\# and搜索

post users/\_search  
\{  
  "query":\{  
    "match": \{  
      "fullName":\{  
        "query": "zhang san",  
        "operator": "and"  
      \}  
    \}  
  \}  
\}

### 4 数组 ###

### post person/\_doc/5   \{     "name":"zhangsan",     "inst":\["reading","music"\]   \} ###

post person/\_search  
\{  
  "query":\{  
    "match": \{  
      "inst": "music"  
    \}  
  \}  
\}