linux web服务器：内核参数调优 net.ipv4

ゝ一世哀愁。 2022-11-21 01:12 1198阅读 0赞

### 文章目录 ###

*  1, 网络优化
 *  2，tomcat配置
 *   *  a, server.xml
     *  b, setenv.sh
     *  c, 监控页面查看
     *  d, 日志保留期限
 *  3, nginx配置

# 1, 网络优化 #

[wang@c6 ~]# cat a
    net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time=600  #(10分钟) 默认是2小时7200s
    net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_probes=3  #当探测没有确认, 发送确认包的次数默认9次
    net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_intvl=15  #当探测没有确认,每次发送的时间间隔 默认75s
    
    net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog=65536 #SYN队列的长度,默认1024,加大以容纳更多等待连接的网络连接
    net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies=1 #表示开启，默认关闭；当出现SYN等待队列溢出时，启用cookies来处理，
    
    net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse=1 #表示开启重用，默认关闭；允许将TIME-WAIT sockets重新用于新的TCP连接
    net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle=1 #表示开启，默认关闭；TCP连接中TIME-WAIT 快速回收
    net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets=5000 #同时保持TIME_WAIT套接字的最大数量，如果超过这个数字,TIME_WAIT套接字将被清除
    
    net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout=30  #默认60s，修改系默认的 TIMEOUT 时间
    
    net.core.netdev_max_backlog =  36768
    net.core.somaxconn = 36768
     
    net.core.wmem_default = 8588608
    net.core.rmem_default = 8588608
    net.core.rmem_max = 16877216
    net.core.wmem_max = 16877216
     
    net.ipv4.tcp_synack_retries = 2
    net.ipv4.tcp_syn_retries = 2
    net.ipv4.tcp_mem = 94500000 915000000 927000000
    net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 3376800
    
    #修改配置
    [wang@c6 ~]# cat a |grep -v ^$|sed 's/^/sysctl -w /' |bash
    #保存配置
    [wang@c6 ~]# cat a >> /etc/sysctl.conf
    ....

# 2，tomcat配置 #

executor 执行器（线程池）[https://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-8.0-doc/config/executor.html][https_tomcat.apache.org_tomcat-8.0-doc_config_executor.html]  
http 连接器（接收不同的协议请求）：[https://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-8.0-doc/config/http.html][https_tomcat.apache.org_tomcat-8.0-doc_config_http.html]

## a, server.xml ##

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <Server port="8005" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">
      <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener" />
      
      <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener" SSLEngine="on" />
      <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener" />
      <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener" />
      <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.ThreadLocalLeakPreventionListener" />
    
       <GlobalNamingResources>
        <Resource name="UserDatabase" auth="Container" type="org.apache.catalina.UserDatabase" description="User database that can be updated and saved" factory="org.apache.catalina.users.MemoryUserDatabaseFactory" pathname="conf/tomcat-users.xml" />
      </GlobalNamingResources>
    
      <Service name="Catalina">
    	<Executor name="tomcatThreadPool" namePrefix="catalina-exec-" maxThreads="500" prestartminSpareThreads="true" minSpareThreads="10" />
    
    	<Connector executor="tomcatThreadPool" port="8080" protocol="org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11NioProtocol" redirectPort="8443" connectionTimeout="20000" maxConnections="10000" acceptCount="100" acceptorThreadCount="2" maxCookieCount="500" useSendfile="true" maxKeepAliveRequests="500" processorCache="500" socketBuffer="9000" socket.appReadBufSize="8192" socket.appWriteBufSize="8192" socket.bufferPool="500" socket.processorCache="500" socket.socketWrapperCache="500" URIEncoding="UTF-8" compression="off" compressionMinSize="1024" compressableMimeType="text/html,text/xml,text/plain,text/css,text/javascript,application/javascript,application/json" />
    
    	
    
        <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost">
    	      <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm">
    		      <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm" resourceName="UserDatabase"/>
    	      </Realm>
    
    	      <Host name="localhost" appBase="webapps" unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true">   
    		  <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs" prefix="localhost_access_log" suffix=".txt" pattern="%h %l %u %t "%r" %s %b" />
    	      </Host>
        </Engine>
      </Service>
    </Server>

## b, setenv.sh ##

[wang@c6 ~]# grep -n setenv.sh /opt/apache-tomcat-8.5.54/bin/catalina.sh
    27:# setenv.sh in CATALINA_BASE/bin to keep your customizations separate.
    153:# but allow them to be specified in setenv.sh, in rare case when it is needed.
    156:if [ -r "$CATALINA_BASE/bin/setenv.sh" ]; then
    157:  . "$CATALINA_BASE/bin/setenv.sh"
    
    [wang@c6 ~]# grep -n setenv.bat /opt/apache-tomcat-8.5.54/bin/catalina.bat
    26:rem   setenv.bat in CATALINA_BASE/bin to keep your customizations separate.
    31:rem   local customizations made in a CATALINA_BASE/bin/setenv.bat script
    172:rem but allow them to be specified in setenv.bat, in rare case when it is needed.
    180:if exist "%CATALINA_HOME%\bin\setenv.bat" call "%CATALINA_HOME%\bin\setenv.bat"
    
    
    [wang@c6 ~]# cat /opt/apache-tomcat-8.5.54/bin/setenv.sh
    JAVA_OPTS="$JAVA_OPTS -Djava.security.egd=file:/dev/./urandom \ -Xms4g -Xmx4g -XX:NewSize=2g -XX:MaxNewSize=2g -XX:SurvivorRatio=8 \ -XX:+UseG1GC"

## c, 监控页面查看 ##

[wang@c6 ~]# tail -4 /opt/apache-tomcat-8.5.54/conf/tomcat-users.xml
      <role rolename="manager-gui"/>
      <user username="tomcat" password="tomcat" roles="manager-gui"/>
    </tomcat-users>
    
    [wang@c6 ~]# tail -4 /opt/apache-tomcat-8.5.54/conf/Catalina/localhost/manager.xml
    <Context privileged="true" antiResourceLocking="false"  docBase="${catalina.home}/webapps/manager">
            <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.RemoteAddrValve" allow="^192.168.*$" />
    </Context>
    
    #### 这个文件，可以保持不动 (只需修改以上两个文件) ####
    [wang@c6 ~]# tail -4 /opt/apache-tomcat-8.5.54/webapps/manager/META-INF/context.xml
      <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.RemoteAddrValve"
             allow="127\.\d+\.\d+\.\d+|::1|0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1" />
      <Manager sessionAttributeValueClassNameFilter="java\.lang\.(?:Boolean|Integer|Long|Number|String)|org\.apache\.catalina\.filters\.CsrfPreventionFilter\$LruCache(?:\$1)?|java\.util\.(?:Linked)?HashMap"/>
    </Context>

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2V5ZW9mZWFnbGU_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center]

## d, 日志保留期限 ##

[wang@c6 ~]# grep maxDays /opt/apache-tomcat-8.5.54/conf/server.xml -A 1
      <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs" maxDays="1"
        prefix="localhost_access_log" suffix=".txt"
    
    
    [wang@c6 ~]# grep maxDays /opt/apache-tomcat-8.5.54/conf/logging.properties
    1catalina.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler.maxDays=1
    2localhost.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler.maxDays=1
    3manager.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler.maxDays=1
    4host-manager.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler.maxDays=1

# 3, nginx配置 #

worker_processes auto;
    worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;
    
    events { 
        use epoll;
        worker_connections 65535;
    }
    
    http { ...
    	charset utf-8;
    
        sendfile            on;
        tcp_nopush          on;
        tcp_nodelay         on;
        keepalive_timeout   65;
        keepalive_requests 10240;
        client_header_buffer_size 4k;
        types_hash_max_size 2048;
        open_file_cache max=102400 inactive=20s;
        open_file_cache_valid 30s;
        open_file_cache_min_uses 1;
        client_header_timeout 15;
        client_body_timeout 15;
        reset_timedout_connection on;
        send_timeout 15;
        server_tokens off;
        client_max_body_size 10m;
    
        # 开启gzip
        gzip on;
        # 启用gzip压缩的最小文件，小于设置值的文件将不会压缩
        gzip_min_length 1k;
        # gzip 压缩级别，1-10，数字越大压缩的越好，也越占用CPU时间
        gzip_comp_level 5;
        gzip_buffers 4 16k;
        # 进行压缩的文件类型: mime.types 文件中定义的
        gzip_types text/plain text/css application/json application/javascript text/xml application/xml application/xml+rss text/javascript  image/jpeg image/gif image/png;
        # 是否在http header中添加Vary: Accept-Encoding，建议开启
        gzip_vary on;
        # 禁用IE 6 gzip
        gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6]\.";

[https_tomcat.apache.org_tomcat-8.0-doc_config_executor.html]: https://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-8.0-doc/config/executor.html
[https_tomcat.apache.org_tomcat-8.0-doc_config_http.html]: https://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-8.0-doc/config/http.html
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2V5ZW9mZWFnbGU_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center]: /images/20221120/74e0e95cfb16464a8cb0f7dfe7e2724c.png