Requests / Responses Header

电玩女神 2022-11-20 08:18 15阅读 0赞

# Requests Header #

<table> 
 <thead> 
  <tr> 
   <th align="left">Header</th> 
   <th align="left">解释</th> 
   <th align="left">示例</th> 
  </tr> 
 </thead> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">Accept</td> 
   <td align="left">指定客户端能够接收的内容类型</td> 
   <td align="left">Accept: text/plain, text/html</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">Accept-Charset</td> 
   <td align="left">浏览器可以接受的字符编码集。</td> 
   <td align="left">Accept-Charset: iso-8859-5</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">Accept-Encoding</td> 
   <td align="left">指定浏览器可以支持的web服务器返回内容压缩编码类型。</td> 
   <td align="left">Accept-Encoding: compress, gzip</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">Accept-Language</td> 
   <td align="left">浏览器可接受的语言</td> 
   <td align="left">Accept-Language: en,zh</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">Accept-Ranges</td> 
   <td align="left">可以请求网页实体的一个或者多个子范围字段</td> 
   <td align="left">Accept-Ranges: bytes</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">Authorization</td> 
   <td align="left">HTTP授权的授权证书</td> 
   <td align="left">Authorization: Basic QWxhZGRpbjpvcGVuIHNlc2FtZQ==</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">Cache-Control</td> 
   <td align="left">指定请求和响应遵循的缓存机制</td> 
   <td align="left">Cache-Control: no-cache</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">Connection</td> 
   <td align="left">表示是否需要持久连接。（HTTP 1.1默认进行持久连接）</td> 
   <td align="left">Connection: close</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">Cookie</td> 
   <td align="left">HTTP请求发送时，会把保存在该请求域名下的所有cookie值一起发送给web服务器。</td> 
   <td align="left">Cookie: $Version=1; Skin=new;</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">Content-Length</td> 
   <td align="left">请求的内容长度</td> 
   <td align="left">Content-Length: 348</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">Content-Type</td> 
   <td align="left">请求的与实体对应的MIME信息</td> 
   <td align="left">Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">Date</td> 
   <td align="left">请求发送的日期和时间</td> 
   <td align="left">Date: Tue, 15 Nov 2010 08:12:31 GMT</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">Expect</td> 
   <td align="left">请求的特定的服务器行为</td> 
   <td align="left">Expect: 100-continue</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">From</td> 
   <td align="left">发出请求的用户的Email</td> 
   <td align="left">From: user@email.com</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">Host</td> 
   <td align="left">指定请求的服务器的域名和端口号</td> 
   <td align="left">Host: www.zcmhi.com</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">If-Match</td> 
   <td align="left">只有请求内容与实体相匹配才有效</td> 
   <td align="left">If-Match: “737060cd8c284d8af7ad3082f209582d”</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">If-Modified-Since</td> 
   <td align="left">如果请求的部分在指定时间之后被修改则请求成功，未被修改则返回304代码</td> 
   <td align="left">If-Modified-Since: Sat, 29 Oct 2010 19:43:31 GMT</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">If-None-Match</td> 
   <td align="left">如果内容未改变返回304代码，参数为服务器先前发送的Etag，与服务器回应的Etag比较判断是否改变</td> 
   <td align="left">If-None-Match: “737060cd8c284d8af7ad3082f209582d”</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">If-Range</td> 
   <td align="left">如果实体未改变，服务器发送客户端丢失的部分，否则发送整个实体。参数也为Etag</td> 
   <td align="left">If-Range: “737060cd8c284d8af7ad3082f209582d”</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">If-Unmodified-Since</td> 
   <td align="left">只在实体在指定时间之后未被修改才请求成功</td> 
   <td align="left">If-Unmodified-Since: Sat, 29 Oct 2010 19:43:31 GMT</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">Max-Forwards</td> 
   <td align="left">限制信息通过代理和网关传送的时间</td> 
   <td align="left">Max-Forwards: 10</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">Pragma</td> 
   <td align="left">用来包含实现特定的指令</td> 
   <td align="left">Pragma: no-cache</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">Proxy-Authorization</td> 
   <td align="left">连接到代理的授权证书</td> 
   <td align="left">Proxy-Authorization: Basic QWxhZGRpbjpvcGVuIHNlc2FtZQ==</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">Range</td> 
   <td align="left">只请求实体的一部分，指定范围</td> 
   <td align="left">Range: bytes=500-999</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">Referer</td> 
   <td align="left">先前网页的地址，当前请求网页紧随其后,即来路</td> 
   <td align="left">Referer: http://www.zcmhi.com/archives/71.html</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">TE</td> 
   <td align="left">客户端愿意接受的传输编码，并通知服务器接受接受尾加头信息</td> 
   <td align="left">TE: trailers,deflate;q=0.5</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">Upgrade</td> 
   <td align="left">向服务器指定某种传输协议以便服务器进行转换（如果支持）</td> 
   <td align="left">Upgrade: HTTP/2.0, SHTTP/1.3, IRC/6.9, RTA/x11</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">User-Agent</td> 
   <td align="left">User-Agent的内容包含发出请求的用户信息</td> 
   <td align="left">User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; X11)</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">Via</td> 
   <td align="left">通知中间网关或代理服务器地址，通信协议</td> 
   <td align="left">Via: 1.0 fred, 1.1 nowhere.com (Apache/1.1)</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">Warning</td> 
   <td align="left">关于消息实体的警告信息</td> 
   <td align="left">Warn: 199 Miscellaneous warning</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left"><font>——————————</font></td> 
   <td align="left"></td> 
   <td align="left"></td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

# Responses Header #

<table> 
 <thead> 
  <tr> 
   <th align="left">Header</th> 
   <th align="left">解释</th> 
   <th align="left">示例</th> 
  </tr> 
 </thead> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">Accept-Ranges</td> 
   <td align="left">表明服务器是否支持指定范围请求及哪种类型的分段请求</td> 
   <td align="left">Accept-Ranges: bytes</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">Age</td> 
   <td align="left">从原始服务器到代理缓存形成的估算时间（以秒计，非负）</td> 
   <td align="left">Age: 12</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">Allow</td> 
   <td align="left">对某网络资源的有效的请求行为，不允许则返回405</td> 
   <td align="left">Allow: GET, HEAD</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">Cache-Control</td> 
   <td align="left">告诉所有的缓存机制是否可以缓存及哪种类型</td> 
   <td align="left">Cache-Control: no-cache</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">Content-Encoding</td> 
   <td align="left">web服务器支持的返回内容压缩编码类型。</td> 
   <td align="left">Content-Encoding: gzip</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">Content-Language</td> 
   <td align="left">响应体的语言</td> 
   <td align="left">Content-Language: en,zh</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">Content-Length</td> 
   <td align="left">响应体的长度</td> 
   <td align="left">Content-Length: 348</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">Content-Location</td> 
   <td align="left">请求资源可替代的备用的另一地址</td> 
   <td align="left">Content-Location: /index.htm</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">Content-MD5</td> 
   <td align="left">返回资源的MD5校验值</td> 
   <td align="left">Content-MD5: Q2hlY2sgSW50ZWdyaXR5IQ==</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">Content-Range</td> 
   <td align="left">在整个返回体中本部分的字节位置</td> 
   <td align="left">Content-Range: bytes 21010-47021/47022</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">Content-Type</td> 
   <td align="left">返回内容的MIME类型</td> 
   <td align="left">Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">Date</td> 
   <td align="left">原始服务器消息发出的时间</td> 
   <td align="left">Date: Tue, 15 Nov 2010 08:12:31 GMT</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">ETag</td> 
   <td align="left">请求变量的实体标签的当前值</td> 
   <td align="left">ETag: “737060cd8c284d8af7ad3082f209582d”</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">Expires</td> 
   <td align="left">响应过期的日期和时间</td> 
   <td align="left">Expires: Thu, 01 Dec 2010 16:00:00 GMT</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">Last-Modified</td> 
   <td align="left">请求资源的最后修改时间</td> 
   <td align="left">Last-Modified: Tue, 15 Nov 2010 12:45:26 GMT</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">Location</td> 
   <td align="left">用来重定向接收方到非请求URL的位置来完成请求或标识新的资源</td> 
   <td align="left">Location: http://www.zcmhi.com/archives/94.html</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">Pragma</td> 
   <td align="left">包括实现特定的指令，它可应用到响应链上的任何接收方</td> 
   <td align="left">Pragma: no-cache</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">Proxy-Authenticate</td> 
   <td align="left">它指出认证方案和可应用到代理的该URL上的参数</td> 
   <td align="left">Proxy-Authenticate: Basic</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">refresh</td> 
   <td align="left">应用于重定向或一个新的资源被创造，在5秒之后重定向（由网景提出，被大部分浏览器支持）</td> 
   <td align="left">Refresh: 5; url=https://www.atool99.com/httptest.php</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">Retry-After</td> 
   <td align="left">如果实体暂时不可取，通知客户端在指定时间之后再次尝试</td> 
   <td align="left">Retry-After: 120</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">Server</td> 
   <td align="left">web服务器软件名称</td> 
   <td align="left">Server: Apache/1.3.27 (Unix) (Red-Hat/Linux)</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">Set-Cookie</td> 
   <td align="left">设置Http Cookie</td> 
   <td align="left">Set-Cookie: UserID=JohnDoe; Max-Age=3600; Version=1</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">Trailer</td> 
   <td align="left">指出头域在分块传输编码的尾部存在</td> 
   <td align="left">Trailer: Max-Forwards</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">Transfer-Encoding</td> 
   <td align="left">文件传输编码</td> 
   <td align="left">Transfer-Encoding:chunked</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">Vary</td> 
   <td align="left">告诉下游代理是使用缓存响应还是从原始服务器请求</td> 
   <td align="left">Vary: *</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">Via</td> 
   <td align="left">告知代理客户端响应是通过哪里发送的</td> 
   <td align="left">Via: 1.0 fred, 1.1 nowhere.com (Apache/1.1)</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">Warning</td> 
   <td align="left">警告实体可能存在的问题</td> 
   <td align="left">Warning: 199 Miscellaneous warning</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">WWW-Authenticate</td> 
   <td align="left">表明客户端请求实体应该使用的授权方案</td> 
   <td align="left">WWW-Authenticate: Basic</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left"><font>——————————</font></td> 
   <td align="left"></td> 
   <td align="left"></td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

# 参考资料 #

[在线HTTP POST/GET接口测试工具 - aTool在线工具][HTTP POST_GET_ - aTool]  
[MDN HTTP Headers][]

[HTTP POST_GET_ - aTool]: https://www.atool99.com/httptest.php
[MDN HTTP Headers]: https://developer.mozilla.org/zh-CN/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers