Spring整合RabbitMQ详细步骤

àì夳堔傛蜴生んèń 2022-11-16 01:35 173阅读 0赞

# Spring整合RabbitMQ #

### 文章目录 ###

*  Spring整合RabbitMQ
 *   *  一、整合生产者
     *  二、整合消费者

## 一、整合生产者 ##

1.  创建项目
2.  导入依赖
    
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
                <version>5.1.7.RELEASE</version>
            </dependency>
        
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.amqp</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-rabbit</artifactId>
                <version>2.1.8.RELEASE</version>
            </dependency>
        
            <dependency>
                <groupId>junit</groupId>
                <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
                <version>4.12</version>
            </dependency>
        
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
                <version>5.1.7.RELEASE</version>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
        
        <build>
            <plugins>
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                    <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>3.8.0</version>
                    <configuration>
                        <source>1.8</source>
                        <target>1.8</target>
                    </configuration>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </build>
3.  resources目录下定义rabbitmq.properties配置文件
    
        rabbitmq.host=172.16.98.133
        rabbitmq.port=5672
        rabbitmq.username=heima
        rabbitmq.password=heima
        rabbitmq.virtual-host=/itcast
4.  resources目录下定义spring-rabbitmq-producer.xml配置文件
    
        
        <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:rabbitmq.properties"/>
        
        
        
        
        <rabbit:connection-factory id="connectionFactory" host="${rabbitmq.host}" port="${rabbitmq.port}" username="${rabbitmq.username}" password="${rabbitmq.password}" virtual-host="${rabbitmq.virtual-host}"/>
        
        <rabbit:admin connection-factory="connectionFactory"/>
        
        
        
        
        <rabbit:queue id="spring_queue" name="spring_queue" auto-declare="true"/>
        
        
        
        <rabbit:queue id="spring_fanout_queue_1" name="spring_fanout_queue_1" auto-declare="true"/>
        
        
        <rabbit:queue id="spring_fanout_queue_2" name="spring_fanout_queue_2" auto-declare="true"/>
        
        
        <rabbit:fanout-exchange id="spring_fanout_exchange" name="spring_fanout_exchange" auto-declare="true">
            <rabbit:bindings>
                <rabbit:binding queue="spring_fanout_queue_1" />
                <rabbit:binding queue="spring_fanout_queue_2"/>
            </rabbit:bindings>
        </rabbit:fanout-exchange>
        
        
        
        
        
        <rabbit:queue id="spring_topic_queue_star" name="spring_topic_queue_star" auto-declare="true"/>
        
        <rabbit:queue id="spring_topic_queue_well" name="spring_topic_queue_well" auto-declare="true"/>
        
        <rabbit:queue id="spring_topic_queue_well2" name="spring_topic_queue_well2" auto-declare="true"/>
        
        
        <rabbit:topic-exchange id="spring_topic_exchange" name="spring_topic_exchange" auto-declare="true">
            <rabbit:bindings>
                <rabbit:binding pattern="heima.*" queue="spring_topic_queue_star"/>
                <rabbit:binding pattern="heima.#" queue="spring_topic_queue_well"/>
                <rabbit:binding pattern="itcast.#" queue="spring_topic_queue_well2"/>
            </rabbit:bindings>
        </rabbit:topic-exchange>
        
        
        <rabbit:template id="rabbitTemplate" connection-factory="connectionFactory"/>
5.  进行测试
    
        @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
        @ContextConfiguration(locations = "classpath:spring-rabbitmq-producer.xml")
        public class ProducerTest { 
        
            //1.注入RabbitTemplate
            @Autowired
            private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
        
            @Test
            public void testHelloWorld(){ 
                //2.发送消息（简单模式）
                //参数1表示RoutingKey，参数2表示消息内容
                rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("spring_queue","hello world spring....");
            }
        
            @Test
            public void testFanout(){ 
                //2.发送消息（广播方式）
                //参数1表示交换机，参数2表示消息的RoutingKey，参数3表示消息内容
                rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("spring_fanout_exchange", "", "spring fanout....");
            }
        
            @Test
            public void testTopics(){ 
                //2.发送消息（主题模式）
                rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("spring_topic_exchange", "heima.hehe.haha", "spring topic....");
            }
        }

## 二、整合消费者 ##

1.  创建项目
2.  导入与生产者相同的依赖
3.  resources目录下定义rabbitmq.properties配置文件
    
        rabbitmq.host=172.16.98.133
        rabbitmq.port=5672
        rabbitmq.username=heima
        rabbitmq.password=heima
        rabbitmq.virtual-host=/itcast
4.  resources目录下定义spring-rabbitmq-consumer.xml配置文件
    
        
        <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:rabbitmq.properties"/>
        
        
        <rabbit:connection-factory id="connectionFactory" host="${rabbitmq.host}" port="${rabbitmq.port}" username="${rabbitmq.username}" password="${rabbitmq.password}" virtual-host="${rabbitmq.virtual-host}"/>
        
        
        <bean id="springQueueListener" class="com.itheima.rabbitmq.listener.SpringQueueListener"/>
        
        
        <rabbit:listener-container connection-factory="connectionFactory" auto-declare="true">
            <rabbit:listener ref="springQueueListener" queue-names="spring_queue"/>
        </rabbit:listener-container>
5.  创建监听器，监听器需要实现 `MessageListener` 接口，重写的方法中定义如何处理消息
    
    每读一条消息就会执行一次此方法，message表示封装后的本次读取的消息
    
        public class SpringQueueListener implements MessageListener { 
            @Override
            public void onMessage(Message message) { 
                //打印消息
                System.out.println(new String(message.getBody()));
            }
        }
6.  进行测试，让消费者持续监听队列
    
        @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
        @ContextConfiguration(locations = "classpath:spring-rabbitmq-consumer.xml")
        public class ConsumerTest { 
            @Test
            public void test1(){ 
                boolean flag = true;
                while (true){  }
            }
        }