爬取b站热门视频的弹幕，并进行弹幕分析

电玩女神 2022-11-14 10:09 438阅读 0赞

# 一、B站弹幕分析 #

B站弹幕数据存放在**https://comment.bilibili.com/*cid*.xml**中，其中cid是视频的cid号，获取需要爬取的视频的cid号的方法如下：  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2dldHNfcw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2dldHNfcw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]

# 二、页面源代码 #

# -!- coding: utf-8 -!-
    import requests
    import re
    import pandas as pd
    import string
    import jieba
    
    
    def get_data(cid):
        # 分析网页，并获取网页文件
        url = 'https://comment.bilibili.com/{}.xml'.format(cid)
        headers = {
        
            "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0;Win64;x64) AppleWebKit/537.36(KHTML, likeGecko) Chrome/80.0.3987.163Safari/537.36"
        }
        response = requests.get(url,headers = headers).content.decode('utf-8')
        return response
    def parse_html(response):
        # 解读网页文件，获取关键信息
        # soup = bs4.BeautifulSoup(response)
        # lst = [soup.find_all(name='d')]
        # danmuku = [i.text for i in lst]
    
        pattern = re.compile(r'<d p=".*?">(.*?)</d>')
        danmuku = re.findall(pattern,response)
        return danmuku
    def save_data(danmuku,cid):
        # 保存数据
        Dict = {
        
            'danmuku' : danmuku
        }
        pd_data = pd.DataFrame(Dict)
        cid = str(cid)
        name = cid + '弹幕文件.csv'
        path = 'D:\PyCharm\Program\pachong\Day03\弹幕数据\{}'.format(name)
        pd_data.to_csv(path,index = False,header=False,mode='w',encoding='utf-8-sig')
    
    def data_preprocess(danmuku,cid):
        cid = str(cid)
        name = cid + '弹幕文件.csv'
        path = 'D:\PyCharm\Program\pachong\Day03\弹幕数据\{}'.format(name)
        with open(path ,mode='r',encoding='utf-8') as f:
            # 加载用户自定义字典
            jieba.load_userdict (r'D:\PyCharm\Program\pachong\Day03\userdict')
            reader = f.read().replace('\n','')
            # 加载停用词词表
            stopwords = [line.strip() for line in open(r'D:\PyCharm\Program\pachong\Day03\stop_wordslst',encoding ='gbk').readlines()]
            # 去标点，去数字，去空白
            pun_num = string.punctuation + string.digits
            table = str.maketrans('','',pun_num)
            reader = reader.translate(table)
            seg_list = jieba.cut(reader,cut_all=False)
            sentence = ''
            for word in seg_list:
                if word not in stopwords and word.isspace() == False:
                    sentence += word
                    sentence += ','
            sentence = sentence[:-1]
            return sentence
    
    def count_words(txt,cid):
        cid = str(cid)
        name = cid + '弹幕词汇数统计.csv'
        path = 'D:\PyCharm\Program\pachong\Day03\弹幕数据\{}'.format(name)
        aDict = {
        }
        words = txt.split(',')
        for word in words:
            aDict[word] = aDict.get(word,0) + 1
        pd_count = pd.DataFrame(aDict,index=['times']).T.sort_values('times',ascending=False)
        pd_count.to_csv(path)
    
    if __name__ == "__main__":
    
        cid = int(input('请输入你想查询的视频CID号：'))
        response = get_data(cid)
        danmuku = parse_html(response)
        save_data(danmuku,cid)
        sentence = data_preprocess(danmuku,cid)
        count_words(sentence,cid)

# 三、运行结果 #

1、控制台输入视频cid号，进行爬取。  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2dldHNfcw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]  
2、爬取数据存储路径  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2dldHNfcw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]  
3、弹幕数据  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2dldHNfcw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]  
4、弹幕词汇统计  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2dldHNfcw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]

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