Jenkins安装入门基础零基础如何在Linux下安装Jenkins CentOS安装Jenkins 阿里云安装云服务器安装Jenkins

小鱼儿 2022-11-11 10:50 239阅读 0赞

#### 0.前言 ####

作为持续集成工具的No.1，Jenkins在DevOps领域可谓独领风骚，也是团队敏捷开发的工具首选，是团队中测试开发工程必须要掌握的技能之一。  
本教程适用于：

*  测试开发工程师
 *  运维工程师
 *  希望团队开展或部分采取DevOps的技术Leader

本教程要求你掌握以下能力：

*  对编程有一定基础，熟悉高级语言框架，如SpringBoot的基本使用
 *  对Linux有一定的了解，会基本的命令
 *  对项目构建工具有一定的了解，例如Maven、Gradle
 *  安装Jenkins要求系统安装了JDK 1.8 与Maven并配置好环境变量，如未完成请查看
 *  [如何在Linux下安装JDK：][Linux_JDK]https://blog.csdn.net/qq\_43576028/article/details/115018049
 *  [如何在Linux下安装Maven：][Linux_Maven]https://blog.csdn.net/qq\_38270106/article/details/97764483

#### 1.在线下载Jenkins ####

*  根据系统类型下载Jenkins，这里以CentOS为例
 *  使用清华大学镜像源在线安装Jenkins

wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/jenkins/redhat-stable/jenkins-2.204.6-1.1.noarch.rpm

具体版本请看[这里][Link 1]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQzNTc2MDI4_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]

*  可以移动下载好的Jenkins

mv jenkins-2.204.6-1.1.noarch.rpm /home/softwares/

![在这里插入图片描述][20210320140337449.png]

#### 2.安装Jenkins ####

yum install jenkins-2.204.6-1.1.noarch.rpm

在安装过程中输入Y并按下回车继续安装  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQzNTc2MDI4_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]

#### 3.修改Jenkins的默认配置 ####

vim /etc/sysconfig/jenkins

如有端口冲突，请修改Jenkins的端口  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQzNTc2MDI4_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]

*  Jenkins需要用到JDK，修改Jenkins的Java位置

vim /etc/init.d/jenkins

*  新增Linux中JDK的安装位置，如默认的文件中已有可以忽略此步骤  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQzNTc2MDI4_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]

/home/softwares/jdk1.8.0_281/bin/java

#### 4. 开放Linux的8080端口 ####

如果是云服务器，记得在云服务器的官网控制台开放8080端口

vim /etc/sysconfig/iptables

没有vim /etc/sysconfig/iptables这个文件的去创建，有的话请跳过以下步骤直接开放端口

*  停止firewall

systemctl stop firewalld

*  关闭firewall

systemctl mask firewalld

*  安装iptables-services

yum install iptables-services

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQzNTc2MDI4_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]

*  启用iptables

systemctl enable iptables
    systemctl start iptables

*  保存防火墙

service iptables save

*  开放端口

vim /etc/sysconfig/iptables

-A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 8080 -j ACCEPT

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQzNTc2MDI4_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]

*  重启防火墙

service iptables restart

*  查看端口是否开放

iptables -L -n

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQzNTc2MDI4_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6]

#### 5.启动Jenkins ####

*  进入Jenkins.war所在目录

cd /usr/lib/jenkins

*  运行Jenkins.war

java -jar jenkins.war

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQzNTc2MDI4_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7]

*  记录下初始化的密码  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQzNTc2MDI4_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8]
 *  忘记的话可以去以下目录里面查看

/root/.jenkins/secrets/initialAdminPassword

#### 6.访问Jenkins ####

*  在浏览器访问域名+端口号，如图所示，输入刚才保存的密码即可

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQzNTc2MDI4_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9]

*  开始下载推荐的配置

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQzNTc2MDI4_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 10]

*  创建用户以便下一次登录  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQzNTc2MDI4_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 11]
 *  安装完毕  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQzNTc2MDI4_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 12]

[Linux_JDK]: https://blog.csdn.net/qq_43576028/article/details/115018049
[Linux_Maven]: https://blog.csdn.net/qq_38270106/article/details/97764483
[Link 1]: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/jenkins/redhat-stable/
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[20210320140337449.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210320140337449.png
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