Linux服务器安装JavaWeb环境(四) Sentinel，Xxl-Job，Seata

我会带着你远行 2022-11-11 05:19 253阅读 0赞

### **/\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*【安装Sentinel】\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*/** ###

**Sentinel主要负责流控，熔断，降级，分为两部分，服务端maven依赖包和Sentinel-Dashboard管理页面**

### 一.服务端maven依赖和配置项 ###

<dependency>
        <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-sentinel</artifactId>
    </dependency>

server:
      port: 10001
    spring:
      application:
        name: nacos-edu
      profiles:
        active: @spring.profile.active@
      cloud:
        #Sentinel配置
        sentinel:
          #开启sentinel自动向面板注册功能
          enabled: true
          transport:
            #sentinel注册面板地址
            dashboard: 192.168.247.129:8080
            #sentinel向面板通信注册的端口
            port: 8719
          #关闭sentinel默认对所有servlet请求的埋点，需要自定义埋点才能生效
          filter:
            enabled: true
          #Nacos配置中心持久化数据源
          #需要先在Nacos控制台添加配置
          #[
          #  {
          #    "resource": "/user/getUser", 资源名称
          #    "controlBehavior": 0,        流控效果，0-快速失败，1-warm up，2-排队等待
          #    "count": 3.0,                单机阀值
          #    "grade": 1,                  阀值类型，0-线程数，1-qps
          #    "limitApp": "default",       来源应用
          #    "strategy": 0                流控模式，0-直接，1-关联，2-链路
          #  },
          #  {
          #    "resource": "/user/testConfig",
          #    "controlBehavior": 0,
          #    "count": 2.0,
          #    "grade": 1,
          #    "limitApp": "default",
          #    "strategy": 0
          #  }
          #]
          datasource:
            #名称随意
            rule-flow:
              nacos:
                server-addr: 192.168.247.129:8888
                group-id: sentinel
                data-id: nacos-edu-@spring.profile.active@.json
                data-type: json
                #流控规则
                rule-type: flow
    
    #RestTemplate开启对sentinel配置
    resttemplate:
      sentinel:
        enabled: true
    
    #OpenFeign配置
    feign:
      client:
        config: {default: {connectTimeout: 10000,readTimeout: 10000} }
      #OpenFeign开启对sentinel配置
      sentinel:
        enabled: true

### 二.下载**Sentinel-Dashboard的jar包** ###

**1.下载地址： **

[https://github.com/alibaba/Sentinel/releases][https_github.com_alibaba_Sentinel_releases]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xpdWNoYW5nMTk5NTA3MDM_size_1_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

**2.默认端口是8080，如果需要修改端口可以下载源码修改打包，我这里使用默认的，直接将jar包发布到服务器执行**

![20210319150504152.png][]

#!/bin/sh
    # chkconfig: 2345 85 15
    # description:auto_run
    
    #程序名
    RUN_NAME="sentinel-dashboard"
    
    #jar 位置
    JAVA_OPTS=/usr/local/sentinel-dashboard/sentinel-dashboard-1.7.2.jar
    LOG_OPTS=/usr/local/sentinel-dashboard/sentinel-dashboard.log
    
    #开始方法
    start() {
        source /etc/profile; nohup java -Xms1024m -Xmx1024m -XX:PermSize=128m -XX:MaxPermSize=256m -XX:MaxNewSize=256m -jar $JAVA_OPTS >$LOG_OPTS 2>&1 &
        echo "$RUN_NAME started success."
    }
    
    #结束方法
    stop() {
        echo "stopping $RUN_NAME ..."
        kill -9 `ps -ef|grep $JAVA_OPTS|grep -v grep|grep -v stop|awk '{print $2}'`
    }
    
    case "$1" in
        start)
            start
            ;;
        stop)
            stop
            ;;
        restart)
            stop
            start
            ;;
        *)
            echo "Userage: $0 {start|stop|restart}"
            exit 1
    esac

**3.记得开启防火墙的8080端口和8719端口，打开地址，默认用户名和密码都是sentinel**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xpdWNoYW5nMTk5NTA3MDM_size_1_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

### **/\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*【安装Xxl-Job】\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*/** ###

**xxl-job是一款分布式调度中心组件，详细文档和用法可以参考官网，非常详细**

[https://www.xuxueli.com/xxl-job/][https_www.xuxueli.com_xxl-job]

**1.maven依赖**

<dependency>
                <groupId>com.xuxueli</groupId>
                <artifactId>xxl-job-core</artifactId>
                <version>2.2.0</version>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-commons</artifactId>
            </dependency>

**2.application.yml**

spring:
      application:
        name: job
    #XxlJob配置
    xxlJob:
      #调度中心-部署跟地址 [选填]：如调度中心集群部署存在多个地址则用逗号分隔(http://address01,http://address02)。执行器将会使用该地址进行"执行器心跳注册"和"任务结果回调"；为空则关闭自动注册；
      adminAddresses: http://192.168.247.129:8181/xxl-job-admin
      #执行器-通讯TOKEN [选填]：非空时启用；这里和控制中心job-admin的配置token一样,用作两者通信之间的校验
      accessToken: dkvlvnmesne5514821358nssdckwnenjkdmdm54421
      #执行器-AppName[选填],和调度中心设置的对应，执行器心跳注册分组依据；为空则关闭自动注册
      appname: spring-cloud-alibaba-job
      #执行器-注册 [选填]：优先使用该配置作为注册地址，为空时使用内嵌服务 ”IP:PORT“ 作为注册地址。从而更灵活的支持容器类型执行器动态IP和动态映射端口问题。
      address:
      #执行器-IP [选填]：默认为空表示自动获取IP，多网卡时可手动设置指定IP，该IP不会绑定Host仅作为通讯实用；地址信息用于 "执行器注册" 和 "调度中心请求并触发任务"；
      ip:
      #执行器-端口号 [选填]：小于等于0则自动获取；默认端口为9999，单机部署多个执行器时，注意要配置不同执行器端口；
      port: 9999
      #执行器-运行日志文件存储磁盘路径 [选填] ：需要对该路径拥有读写权限；为空则使用默认路径；
      logPath: /usr/local/job/logs
      # 执行器-日志文件保存天数 [选填] ： 过期日志自动清理, 限制值大于等于3时生效; 否则, 如-1, 关闭自动清理功能；
      logRetentionDays: 30

**3.配置类文件 XxlJobConfig**

package com.study.config;
    
    import com.xxl.job.core.executor.impl.XxlJobSpringExecutor;
    import org.slf4j.Logger;
    import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
    
    
    @Configuration
    public class XxlJobConfig {
    
        private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(XxlJobConfig.class);
    
        @Value("${xxlJob.adminAddresses}")
        private String adminAddresses;
        @Value("${xxlJob.accessToken}")
        private String accessToken;
        @Value("${xxlJob.appname}")
        private String appname;
        @Value("${xxlJob.address}")
        private String address;
        @Value("${xxlJob.ip}")
        private String ip;
        @Value("${xxlJob.port}")
        private int port;
        @Value("${xxlJob.logPath}")
        private String logPath;
        @Value("${xxlJob.logRetentionDays}")
        private int logRetentionDays;
    
        @Bean
        public XxlJobSpringExecutor xxlJobSpringExecutor() {
            XxlJobSpringExecutor executor = new XxlJobSpringExecutor();
            executor.setAdminAddresses(adminAddresses);
            executor.setAccessToken(accessToken);
            executor.setAppname(appname);
            executor.setAddress(address);
            executor.setIp(ip);
            executor.setPort(port);
            executor.setLogPath(logPath);
            executor.setLogRetentionDays(logRetentionDays);
            logger.info("XxlJobConfig 初始化成功。。。。。");
            return executor;
        }
    
    
    }

**4.定时任务**

@Component
    public class MyJob_1 {
    
    
        /**
         * Spring Bean实例中，开发Job方法，方式格式要求为 "public ReturnT<String> execute(String param)"
         *
         * @param param
         * @return
         * @throws Exception
         */
        @XxlJob(value = "MyJob_1")
        public ReturnT start(String param) throws Exception {
            XxlJobLogger.log("MyJob_1 开始执行  IP=" + IpUtil.getIp() + "。。。。。");
            Thread.sleep(1000 * 20);
            XxlJobLogger.log("MyJob_1 执行成功  IP=" + IpUtil.getIp() + "。。。。。");
            ReturnT returnT = new ReturnT(ReturnT.SUCCESS_CODE, "MyJob_1 执行成功  IP=" + IpUtil.getIp() + "。。。。。");
            return returnT;
        }
    
    }

### **/\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*【安装Seata】\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*/** ###

**1.io.seata官网下载tar包并解压安装**

![20210326172206796.png][]

**2.进入conf文件夹 关注 file.conf  和 register.conf 两个文件**

![20210326172329150.png][]

**3.这里我将搭建 Seata-Server集群+DB配置文件和全局事务信息+Nacos注册中心 模式**

**修改file.conf**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xpdWNoYW5nMTk5NTA3MDM_size_1_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

**修改register.conf**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xpdWNoYW5nMTk5NTA3MDM_size_1_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]

**修改启动脚本内存**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xpdWNoYW5nMTk5NTA3MDM_size_1_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4][]

**4.启动两台服务器，注意这里必须 -n 1 和 2 区分开 因为防止xid重复**

**这里用两台服务器搭建集群，两台服务器都要这样安装seata**

**192.168.247.129**

**192.168.247.130**

nohup ./seata-server.sh -h 192.168.247.129  -p 8091 -m db  -n 1 >/usr/local/seata/bin/seata.log 2>&1 &
    
    nohup ./seata-server.sh -h 192.168.247.130  -p 8091 -m db  -n 2 >/usr/local/seata/bin/seata.log 2>&1 &

**5.maven依赖**

<dependency>
        <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-config</artifactId>
    </dependency>
     
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-seata</artifactId>
                <version>2.2.0.RELEASE</version>
                <exclusions>
                    <exclusion>
                        <groupId>io.seata</groupId>
                        <artifactId>seata-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
                    </exclusion>
                </exclusions>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>io.seata</groupId>
                <artifactId>seata-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
                <version>1.4.0</version>
            </dependency>

**6.application.yml配置文件**

server:
      port: 10001
    spring:
      application:
        name: nacos-edu
      profiles:
        active: @spring.profile.active@
      cloud:
        #Nacos配置
        nacos:
          #注册和发现中心配置
          discovery:
            group: nacos
            #无nginx
            #server-addr: 192.168.247.129:8848,192.168.247.130:8848,192.168.247.131:8848
            #配置了nginx的集群
            server-addr: 192.168.247.129:8888
            username: nacos
            password: nacos
            #namespace: 636047c4-db75-4167-9b85-671b67a636a2
        #Sentinel配置
        sentinel:
          #取消懒加载
          eager: true
          #开启sentinel自动向面板注册功能
          enabled: true
          transport:
            #sentinel注册面板地址
            dashboard: 192.168.247.129:8080
            #sentinel向面板通信注册的端口
            port: 8719
          #关闭sentinel默认对所有servlet请求的埋点，需要自定义埋点才能生效
          filter:
            enabled: true
          #Nacos配置中心持久化数据源
          #需要先在Nacos控制台添加配置
          #[
          #  {
          #    "resource": "/user/getUser", 资源名称
          #    "controlBehavior": 0,        流控效果，0-快速失败，1-warm up，2-排队等待
          #    "count": 3.0,                单机阀值
          #    "grade": 1,                  阀值类型，0-线程数，1-qps
          #    "limitApp": "default",       来源应用
          #    "strategy": 0                流控模式，0-直接，1-关联，2-链路
          #  },
          #  {
          #    "resource": "/user/testConfig",
          #    "controlBehavior": 0,
          #    "count": 2.0,
          #    "grade": 1,
          #    "limitApp": "default",
          #    "strategy": 0
          #  }
          #]
          datasource:
            #名称随意
            rule-flow:
              nacos:
                server-addr: 192.168.247.129:8888
                group-id: sentinel
                data-id: ${spring.application.name}-flow.json
                data-type: json
                #流控规则
                rule-type: flow
      #Mysql数据库配置
      datasource:
        druid:
          driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
          url: jdbc:mysql://192.168.247.129:3306/ssm?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=Hongkong
          username: root
          password: 123456
          max-active: 3000
          max-wait: 10000
          #druid sql 监控
          stat-view-servlet:
            #开启监控页面
            enabled: true
            login-username: admin
            login-password: 123456
            web-stat-filter:
              #开启监控功能-web请求
              enabled: true
              url-pattern: /*
              exclusions: "*.js,*.gif,*.jpg,*.png,*.css,*.ico,/druid/*"
            filter:
              stat:
                #开启监控功能-SQL请求
                enabled: true
                slow-sql-millis: 1000
    #Mybatis配置
    mybatis:
      type-aliases-package: com.study.dao.entity
      mapper-locations: classpath:com.study.dao.mapper/**.xml
      configuration:
        map-underscore-to-camel-case: true
    #Seata配置
    seata:
      #开启Seata自动装配（AutoConfiguration @ConditionalOnProperty）
      enabled: true
      #将RM管理的本地事物注册到TC,application-id的名称跟微服务名相同即可，启动日志可验证
      application-id: ${spring.application.name}
      #Seata事务组(这个 nacos-seata-tx-group 同一个项目中所有微服务都可以用同一个事务组
      #【事务分组可以作为资源的逻辑隔离单位，出现某集群故障时可以快速failover，只切换对应分组，可以把故障缩减到服务级别，但前提也是你有足够server集群)】
      tx-service-group: nacos-seata-tx-group
      #Seata-Service配置（和TC通信）
      service:
        vgroup-mapping:
          #这里的 nacos-seata-tx-group 对应上面的 【tx-service-group: nacos-seata-tx-group】 default 就是TC集群的名称，实现高可用的话 将 nacos-seata-tx-group: shanghai 切换成  nacos-seata-tx-group: hangzhou
          nacos-seata-tx-group: default
        #如果配置了注册中心，这个就不需要了，从注册中心拿Seata-Server
        #    grouplist:
        #      #这里的 default 对应上面的 【nacos-seata-tx-group: default】 TC集群对应的IP+Port
        #      default: 192.168.247.129:8091
      #Seata-Config配置（和Nacos配置中心通信 存放的是file.conf的内容）
      config:
        type: file
        #nacos:
        #  server-addr: 192.168.247.129:8888
        #  group: SEATA_GROUP
        #  username: nacos
        #  password: nacos
      #Seata-Registry配置（和Nacos注册中心通信 存放的是Seata-Server 各个节点的信息）
      registry:
        type: nacos
        nacos:
          application: seata-server
          cluster: default
          server-addr: 192.168.247.129:8888
          group: SEATA_GROUP
          username: nacos
          password: nacos
    
    
    
    #RestTemplate开启对sentinel配置
    resttemplate:
      sentinel:
        enabled: true
    
    #OpenFeign配置
    feign:
      client:
        config: {default: {connectTimeout: 100000,readTimeout: 100000} }
      #OpenFeign开启对sentinel配置
      sentinel:
        enabled: true

**7. 解决OpenFeign熔断降级造成Seata无法捕捉异常而出现不能正常回滚情况**

package com.study.config;
    
    import io.seata.common.util.StringUtils;
    import io.seata.core.context.RootContext;
    import io.seata.core.exception.TransactionException;
    import io.seata.tm.api.GlobalTransaction;
    import io.seata.tm.api.GlobalTransactionContext;
    import org.aspectj.lang.JoinPoint;
    import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.AfterThrowing;
    import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
    import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Before;
    import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Pointcut;
    import org.aspectj.lang.reflect.MethodSignature;
    import org.slf4j.Logger;
    import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    
    import java.lang.reflect.Method;
    
    @Aspect
    @Component
    public class SeataAspectAop {
    
        private final static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SeataAspectAop.class);
    
        @Pointcut("execution(* com.study.service.impl.UserServiceImpl.updateUser(..))")
        public void aopCut() {
    
        }
    
    
        @Before("aopCut()")
        public void before(JoinPoint joinPoint) throws TransactionException {
            MethodSignature signature = (MethodSignature) joinPoint.getSignature();
            Method method = signature.getMethod();
            logger.info("拦截到需要分布式事务的方法," + method.getName());
            // 此处可用redis或者定时任务来获取一个key判断是否需要关闭分布式事务
            GlobalTransaction tx = GlobalTransactionContext.getCurrentOrCreate();
            tx.begin(300000, "test-client");
            logger.info("创建分布式事务完毕" + tx.getXid());
        }
    
        @AfterThrowing(throwing = "e", pointcut = "aopCut()")
        public void doRecoveryActions(Throwable e) throws TransactionException {
            logger.info("方法执行异常:{}", e.getMessage());
            if (!StringUtils.isBlank(RootContext.getXID())) {
                GlobalTransactionContext.reload(RootContext.getXID()).rollback();
            }
        }
    
    }

**8.业务代码**

/**
         * 全局事务
         * @return
         */
        @GlobalTransactional
        @Override
        public UserDto updateUser() {
            //更新用户
            User user = new User();
            user.setId(1);
            user.setName(String.valueOf(System.currentTimeMillis()));
            this.userMapper.updateUser(user);
            //更新产品
            ProductDto productDto = this.productClient.updateProduct();
            UserDto userDto = new UserDto();
            BeanUtils.copyProperties(user, userDto);
            try {
                Thread.sleep(8000);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            //Integer num = 1 / 0;
             return userDto;
        }
    
    
        /**
         * 防止全局事务锁被占用，其他资源写操作 造成的 脏写 如果 全局事务锁被占用 会报异常让@Transactional回滚 必须结合@Transactional一起使用
         * @return
         */
        @GlobalLock
        @Transactional
        @Override
        public UserDto updateWriteIsolution() {
            User user = new User();
            user.setId(1);
            user.setName(String.valueOf("测试写隔离"));
            this.userMapper.updateUser(user);
            UserDto userDto = new UserDto();
            BeanUtils.copyProperties(user, userDto);
            return userDto;
        }

[https_github.com_alibaba_Sentinel_releases]: https://github.com/alibaba/Sentinel/releases
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xpdWNoYW5nMTk5NTA3MDM_size_1_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20221022/068f530ace8f4a2daa7852ea292867c2.png
[20210319150504152.png]: /images/20221022/732f824a23594d63876776e6a9911857.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xpdWNoYW5nMTk5NTA3MDM_size_1_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: /images/20221022/ff039d8b6b874b20bd9d5680fbbb9862.png
[https_www.xuxueli.com_xxl-job]: https://www.xuxueli.com/xxl-job/
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