记录一次MySQL乱码

叁歲伎倆 2022-11-03 00:42 19阅读 0赞

# 问题描述 #

我用web提交的数据中有中文，之前是5.5的版本，由于要使用Django3.0版本，需要将mysql 升级，升级到了5.7版本以后，插入数据乱码，显示一堆问号。

# 解决 #

查看了一下数据输入那，确定没有问题，那么就是mysql的问题了

## 打开服务 ##

找到MySQL，然后右击查看属性，可以看到可执行文件的路径`C:\ProgramData\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.7\my.ini`

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0dhYnJpZWxfd2Vp_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]

复制此路径，打开my.ini文件  
![在这里插入图片描述][20210225211453214.png]

## my.ini文件中 ##

\[client\]节点

default-character-set=utf8 (增加)

\[mysql\]节点

default-character-set=utf8 (修改)

\[mysqld\]节点

character\_set\_server=utf8 (修改)

## 修改完毕后使用 ##

net stop mysql
    
    net start mysql

重新启动mysql服务

然后查询字符集：

show variables like '%character%';
    
      show variables like "%colla%";

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0dhYnJpZWxfd2Vp_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]

再去测试，好了

下面为本次修改好了以后的my.ini

# Other default tuning values
    # MySQL Server Instance Configuration File
    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
    # Generated by the MySQL Server Instance Configuration Wizard
    #
    #
    # Installation Instructions
    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
    #
    # On Linux you can copy this file to /etc/my.cnf to set global options,
    # mysql-data-dir/my.cnf to set server-specific options
    # (@localstatedir@ for this installation) or to
    # ~/.my.cnf to set user-specific options.
    #
    # On Windows you should keep this file in the installation directory 
    # of your server (e.g. C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server X.Y). To
    # make sure the server reads the config file use the startup option 
    # "--defaults-file". 
    #
    # To run the server from the command line, execute this in a 
    # command line shell, e.g.
    # mysqld --defaults-file="C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server X.Y\my.ini"
    #
    # To install the server as a Windows service manually, execute this in a 
    # command line shell, e.g.
    # mysqld --install MySQLXY --defaults-file="C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server X.Y\my.ini"
    #
    # And then execute this in a command line shell to start the server, e.g.
    # net start MySQLXY
    #
    #
    # Guidelines for editing this file
    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
    #
    # In this file, you can use all long options that the program supports.
    # If you want to know the options a program supports, start the program
    # with the "--help" option.
    #
    # More detailed information about the individual options can also be
    # found in the manual.
    #
    # For advice on how to change settings please see
    # https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
    #
    #
    # CLIENT SECTION
    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
    #
    # The following options will be read by MySQL client applications.
    # Note that only client applications shipped by MySQL are guaranteed
    # to read this section. If you want your own MySQL client program to
    # honor these values, you need to specify it as an option during the
    # MySQL client library initialization.
    #
    [client]
    
    # pipe=
    
    # socket=MYSQL
    default-character-set=utf8
    port=3306
    
    [mysql]
    no-beep
    default-character-set=utf8
    # default-character-set=
    
    # SERVER SECTION
    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
    #
    # The following options will be read by the MySQL Server. Make sure that
    # you have installed the server correctly (see above) so it reads this 
    # file.
    #
    # server_type=3
    [mysqld]
    character_set_server=utf8 
    # The next three options are mutually exclusive to SERVER_PORT below.
    # skip-networking
    # enable-named-pipe
    # shared-memory
    
    # shared-memory-base-name=MYSQL
    
    # The Pipe the MySQL Server will use
    # socket=MYSQL
    
    # The TCP/IP Port the MySQL Server will listen on
    port=3306
    
    # Path to installation directory. All paths are usually resolved relative to this.
    # basedir="C:/Program Files/MySQL/MySQL Server 5.7/"
    
    # Path to the database root
    datadir=C:/ProgramData/MySQL/MySQL Server 5.7\Data
    
    # The default character set that will be used when a new schema or table is
    # created and no character set is defined
    # character-set-server=
    
    # The default storage engine that will be used when create new tables when
    default-storage-engine=INNODB
    
    # Set the SQL mode to strict
    sql-mode="STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION"
    
    # General and Slow logging.
    log-output=FILE
    
    general-log=0
    
    general_log_file="PS2019CIMYKDHK.log"
    
    slow-query-log=1
    
    slow_query_log_file="PS2019CIMYKDHK-slow.log"
    
    long_query_time=10
    
    # Error Logging.
    log-error="PS2019CIMYKDHK.err"
    
    # ***** Group Replication Related *****
    # Specifies the base name to use for binary log files. With binary logging
    # enabled, the server logs all statements that change data to the binary
    # log, which is used for backup and replication.
    # log-bin
    
    # ***** Group Replication Related *****
    # Specifies the server ID. For servers that are used in a replication topology,
    # you must specify a unique server ID for each replication server, in the
    # range from 1 to 2^32 − 1. “Unique” means that each ID must be different
    # from every other ID in use by any other replication source or replica.
    server-id=1
    # ***** Group Replication Related *****
    # The host name or IP address of the replica to be reported to the source
    # during replica registration. This value appears in the output of SHOW SLAVE HOSTS
    # on the source server. Leave the value unset if you do not want the replica to
    # register itself with the source.
    # report_host=0.0
    
    # ***** Group Replication Related *****
    # Defines the algorithm used to hash the writes extracted during a transaction. If you
    # are using Group Replication, this variable must be set to XXHASH64 because the process
    # of extracting the writes from a transaction is required for conflict detection on all
    # group members.
    # transaction_write_set_extraction=0.0
    lower_case_table_names=1
    
    # Secure File Priv.
    secure-file-priv="C:/ProgramData/MySQL/MySQL Server 5.7/Uploads"
    
    # The maximum amount of concurrent sessions the MySQL server will
    # allow. One of these connections will be reserved for a user with
    # SUPER privileges to allow the administrator to login even if the
    # connection limit has been reached.
    max_connections=151
    
    # The number of open tables for all threads. Increasing this value
    # increases the number of file descriptors that mysqld requires.
    # Therefore you have to make sure to set the amount of open files
    # allowed to at least 4096 in the variable "open-files-limit" in
    # section [mysqld_safe]
    table_open_cache=2000
    
    # Maximum size for internal (in-memory) temporary tables. If a table
    # grows larger than this value, it is automatically converted to disk
    # based table This limitation is for a single table. There can be many
    # of them.
    tmp_table_size=32M
    
    # How many threads we should keep in a cache for reuse. When a client
    # disconnects, the client's threads are put in the cache if there aren't
    # more than thread_cache_size threads from before.  This greatly reduces
    # the amount of thread creations needed if you have a lot of new
    # connections. (Normally this doesn't give a notable performance
    # improvement if you have a good thread implementation.)
    thread_cache_size=10
    
    #*** MyISAM Specific options
    # The maximum size of the temporary file MySQL is allowed to use while
    # recreating the index (during REPAIR, ALTER TABLE or LOAD DATA INFILE.
    # If the file-size would be bigger than this, the index will be created
    # through the key cache (which is slower).
    myisam_max_sort_file_size=100G
    
    # The size of the buffer that is allocated when sorting MyISAM indexes
    # during a REPAIR TABLE or when creating indexes with CREATE INDEX
    # or ALTER TABLE.
    myisam_sort_buffer_size=55M
    
    # Size of the Key Buffer, used to cache index blocks for MyISAM tables.
    # Do not set it larger than 30% of your available memory, as some memory
    # is also required by the OS to cache rows. Even if you're not using
    # MyISAM tables, you should still set it to 8-64M as it will also be
    # used for internal temporary disk tables.
    key_buffer_size=8M
    
    # Size of the buffer used for doing full table scans of MyISAM tables.
    # Allocated per thread, if a full scan is needed.
    read_buffer_size=64K
    
    read_rnd_buffer_size=256K
    
    #*** INNODB Specific options ***
    # innodb_data_home_dir=
    
    # Use this option if you have a MySQL server with InnoDB support enabled
    # but you do not plan to use it. This will save memory and disk space
    # and speed up some things.
    # skip-innodb
    
    # If set to 1, InnoDB will flush (fsync) the transaction logs to the
    # disk at each commit, which offers full ACID behavior. If you are
    # willing to compromise this safety, and you are running small
    # transactions, you may set this to 0 or 2 to reduce disk I/O to the
    # logs. Value 0 means that the log is only written to the log file and
    # the log file flushed to disk approximately once per second. Value 2
    # means the log is written to the log file at each commit, but the log
    # file is only flushed to disk approximately once per second.
    innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=1
    
    # The size of the buffer InnoDB uses for buffering log data. As soon as
    # it is full, InnoDB will have to flush it to disk. As it is flushed
    # once per second anyway, it does not make sense to have it very large
    # (even with long transactions).
    innodb_log_buffer_size=1M
    
    # InnoDB, unlike MyISAM, uses a buffer pool to cache both indexes and
    # row data. The bigger you set this the less disk I/O is needed to
    # access data in tables. On a dedicated database server you may set this
    # parameter up to 80% of the machine physical memory size. Do not set it
    # too large, though, because competition of the physical memory may
    # cause paging in the operating system.  Note that on 32bit systems you
    # might be limited to 2-3.5G of user level memory per process, so do not
    # set it too high.
    innodb_buffer_pool_size=8M
    
    # Size of each log file in a log group. You should set the combined size
    # of log files to about 25%-100% of your buffer pool size to avoid
    # unneeded buffer pool flush activity on log file overwrite. However,
    # note that a larger logfile size will increase the time needed for the
    # recovery process.
    innodb_log_file_size=48M
    
    # Number of threads allowed inside the InnoDB kernel. The optimal value
    # depends highly on the application, hardware as well as the OS
    # scheduler properties. A too high value may lead to thread thrashing.
    innodb_thread_concurrency=13
    
    # The increment size (in MB) for extending the size of an auto-extend InnoDB system tablespace file when it becomes full.
    innodb_autoextend_increment=64
    
    # The number of regions that the InnoDB buffer pool is divided into.
    # For systems with buffer pools in the multi-gigabyte range, dividing the buffer pool into separate instances can improve concurrency,
    # by reducing contention as different threads read and write to cached pages.
    innodb_buffer_pool_instances=8
    
    # Determines the number of threads that can enter InnoDB concurrently.
    innodb_concurrency_tickets=5000
    
    # Specifies how long in milliseconds (ms) a block inserted into the old sublist must stay there after its first access before
    # it can be moved to the new sublist.
    innodb_old_blocks_time=1000
    
    # It specifies the maximum number of .ibd files that MySQL can keep open at one time. The minimum value is 10.
    innodb_open_files=300
    
    # When this variable is enabled, InnoDB updates statistics during metadata statements.
    innodb_stats_on_metadata=0
    
    # When innodb_file_per_table is enabled (the default in 5.6.6 and higher), InnoDB stores the data and indexes for each newly created table
    # in a separate .ibd file, rather than in the system tablespace.
    innodb_file_per_table=1
    
    # Use the following list of values: 0 for crc32, 1 for strict_crc32, 2 for innodb, 3 for strict_innodb, 4 for none, 5 for strict_none.
    innodb_checksum_algorithm=0
    
    # The number of outstanding connection requests MySQL can have.
    # This option is useful when the main MySQL thread gets many connection requests in a very short time.
    # It then takes some time (although very little) for the main thread to check the connection and start a new thread.
    # The back_log value indicates how many requests can be stacked during this short time before MySQL momentarily
    # stops answering new requests.
    # You need to increase this only if you expect a large number of connections in a short period of time.
    back_log=80
    
    # If this is set to a nonzero value, all tables are closed every flush_time seconds to free up resources and
    # synchronize unflushed data to disk.
    # This option is best used only on systems with minimal resources.
    flush_time=0
    
    # The minimum size of the buffer that is used for plain index scans, range index scans, and joins that do not use
    # indexes and thus perform full table scans.
    join_buffer_size=256K
    
    # The maximum size of one packet or any generated or intermediate string, or any parameter sent by the
    # mysql_stmt_send_long_data() C API function.
    max_allowed_packet=4M
    
    # If more than this many successive connection requests from a host are interrupted without a successful connection,
    # the server blocks that host from performing further connections.
    max_connect_errors=100
    
    # Changes the number of file descriptors available to mysqld.
    # You should try increasing the value of this option if mysqld gives you the error "Too many open files".
    open_files_limit=4161
    
    # If you see many sort_merge_passes per second in SHOW GLOBAL STATUS output, you can consider increasing the
    # sort_buffer_size value to speed up ORDER BY or GROUP BY operations that cannot be improved with query optimization
    # or improved indexing.
    sort_buffer_size=256K
    
    # The number of table definitions (from .frm files) that can be stored in the definition cache.
    # If you use a large number of tables, you can create a large table definition cache to speed up opening of tables.
    # The table definition cache takes less space and does not use file descriptors, unlike the normal table cache.
    # The minimum and default values are both 400.
    table_definition_cache=1400
    
    # Specify the maximum size of a row-based binary log event, in bytes.
    # Rows are grouped into events smaller than this size if possible. The value should be a multiple of 256.
    binlog_row_event_max_size=8K
    
    # If the value of this variable is greater than 0, a replica synchronizes its master.info file to disk.
    # (using fdatasync()) after every sync_master_info events.
    sync_master_info=10000
    
    # If the value of this variable is greater than 0, the MySQL server synchronizes its relay log to disk.
    # (using fdatasync()) after every sync_relay_log writes to the relay log.
    sync_relay_log=10000
    
    # If the value of this variable is greater than 0, a replica synchronizes its relay-log.info file to disk.
    # (using fdatasync()) after every sync_relay_log_info transactions.
    sync_relay_log_info=10000
    
    # Load mysql plugins at start."plugin_x ; plugin_y".
    # plugin_load
    
    # The TCP/IP Port the MySQL Server X Protocol will listen on.
    # loose_mysqlx_port=33060

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[20210225211453214.png]: /images/20221024/aae31a165dac429b90886f60b73f97ee.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0dhYnJpZWxfd2Vp_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: /images/20221024/3de291047ab94e68918273c834e89cd2.png