Nginx实现Http服务

向右看齐 2022-10-30 01:22 289阅读 0赞

一 概述

Nginx的默认端口为80端口。Http服务是指通过Http服务来访问资源，如当我们的图片存放在目录/opt/temp/images中，对于普通的图片而言是无法通过Http协议直接访问，此时我们可以借助Nginx来实现利用Http协议来访问某个目录下的图片。

二 Nginx实现Http服务的配置

在Nginx的安装目录中的conf目录中存在一个配置文件nginx.conf，我们可以通过修改配置来让Nginx实现Http服务。

Nginx的原始配置文件

  1. #user  nobody;
  2. worker_processes  1;
  4. #error_log  logs/error.log;
  5. #error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
  6. #error_log  logs/error.log  info;
  8. #pid        logs/nginx.pid;
  11. events {
  12.     worker_connections  1024;
  13. }
  15. http {
  16.     include       mime.types;
  17.     default_type  application/octet-stream;
  19.     #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
  20.     #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
  21.     #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
  23.     #access_log  logs/access.log  main;
  25.     sendfile        on;
  26.     #tcp_nopush     on;
  28.     #keepalive_timeout  0;
  29.     keepalive_timeout  65;
  31.     #gzip  on;
  33.     server {
  34.         listen       80;
  35.         server_name  localhost;
  37.         #charset koi8-r;
  39.         #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;
  41.         location / {
  42.             root   html;
  43.             index  index.html index.htm;
  44.         }
  46.         #error_page  404              /404.html;
  48.         # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
  49.         #
  50.         error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
  51.         location = /50x.html {
  52.             root   html;
  53.         }
  55.         # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
  56.         #
  57.         #location ~ \.php$ {
  58.         #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
  59.         #}
  61.         # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
  62.         #
  63.         #location ~ \.php$ {
  64.         #    root           html;
  65.         #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
  66.         #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
  67.         #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
  68.         #    include        fastcgi_params;
  69.         #}
  71.         # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
  72.         # concurs with nginx's one
  73.         #
  74.         #location ~ /\.ht {
  75.         #    deny  all;
  76.         #}
  77.     }
  80.     # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
  81.     #
  82.     #server {
  83.     #    listen       8000;
  84.     #    listen       somename:8080;
  85.     #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;
  87.     #    location / {
  88.     #        root   html;
  89.     #        index  index.html index.htm;
  90.     #    }
  91.     #}
  94.     # HTTPS server
  95.     #
  96.     #server {
  97.     #    listen       443 ssl;
  98.     #    server_name  localhost;
  100.     #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
  101.     #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;
  103.     #    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
  104.     #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;
  106.     #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
  107.     #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;
  109.     #    location / {
  110.     #        root   html;
  111.     #        index  index.html index.htm;
  112.     #    }
  113.     #}
  114. }

根据配置文件可知，默认访问的是安装目录中html目录下的index.html或者index.htm文件。为了让Nginx能够实现Http服务，我们可以对配置文件进行下列修改。

  1. #user  nobody;
  2. worker_processes  1;
  4. #error_log  logs/error.log;
  5. #error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
  6. #error_log  logs/error.log  info;
  8. #pid        logs/nginx.pid;
  11. events {
  12.     worker_connections  1024;
  13. }
  15. http {
  16.     include       mime.types;
  17.     default_type  application/octet-stream;
  19.     #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
  20.     #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
  21.     #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
  23.     #access_log  logs/access.log  main;
  25.     sendfile        on;
  26.     #tcp_nopush     on;
  28.     #keepalive_timeout  0;
  29.     keepalive_timeout  65;
  31.     #gzip  on;
  33.     server {
  34.         listen       80;
  35.         server_name  localhost;
  37.         #charset koi8-r;
  39.         #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;
  41.         location / {
  42.             root   /opt/temp/images;
  43.             index  index.html index.htm;
  44.         }
  46.         #error_page  404              /404.html;
  48.         # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
  49.         #
  50.         error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
  51.         location = /50x.html {
  52.             root   html;
  53.         }
  55.         # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
  56.         #
  57.         #location ~ \.php$ {
  58.         #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
  59.         #}
  61.         # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
  62.         #
  63.         #location ~ \.php$ {
  64.         #    root           html;
  65.         #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
  66.         #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
  67.         #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
  68.         #    include        fastcgi_params;
  69.         #}
  71.         # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
  72.         # concurs with nginx's one
  73.         #
  74.         #location ~ /\.ht {
  75.         #    deny  all;
  76.         #}
  77.     }
  80.     # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
  81.     #
  82.     #server {
  83.     #    listen       8000;
  84.     #    listen       somename:8080;
  85.     #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;
  87.     #    location / {
  88.     #        root   html;
  89.     #        index  index.html index.htm;
  90.     #    }
  91.     #}
  94.     # HTTPS server
  95.     #
  96.     #server {
  97.     #    listen       443 ssl;
  98.     #    server_name  localhost;
  100.     #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
  101.     #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;
  103.     #    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
  104.     #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;
  106.     #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
  107.     #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;
  109.     #    location / {
  110.     #        root   html;
  111.     #        index  index.html index.htm;
  112.     #    }
  113.     #}
  114. }

我们在目录/opt/temp/images中放照片，然后重启Nginx，注意：需要先将images目录权限修至少改成755，否则出现403 Forbidden。

  1. chmod -r 755 /opt/temp/images

  2. ./nginx -s reload

最后通过浏览器进行http访问

watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NhbG1fZW5jb2Rl_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70

至此，我们就是实现了一个简单的利用Nginx实现Http服务的实例。

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