【室内温度+树莓派性能监控】树莓派+DS18B20温度传感器+0.96寸OLED显示屏使用及安装经验分享

太过爱你忘了你带给我的痛 2022-10-29 05:21 295阅读 0赞

**以下内容为本人原创  
原文链接:[https://blog.csdn.net/Yhen1/article/details/113760948][https_blog.csdn.net_Yhen1_article_details_113760948]  
作者:@Yhen  
发布网站:CSDN  
未经本人同意禁止转载,如需转载请说明此出处，违者必究**

大噶好！我是Yhen.  
最近在捣鼓我吃灰许久的树莓派  
买了一些传感器回来玩玩  
跟着网上的教程实现了一些功能.

然后我也会把它们分享给大家，同时也是给自己的一个记录吧！

以下是本文中会用到的物品清单  
**1.树莓派（我用的是树莓派zero w【已焊排针版本】）  
2.DS18B20温度传感器  
3.ssd1306 0.96寸OLED显示屏  
4.彩虹排线  
5.T型拓展版  
6.7根公对母杜邦线  
7.面包板**

我们先来预览一下效果  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1loZW4x_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center]

前面五行是树莓派的一些基本信息，最后一行是当前的室内温度  
其中显示ip地址还是挺有必要的，特别对于我这种没有配显示屏的用户来说。

比如前几天，我在vnc中控制树莓派，一时手快将树莓派的wifi切换到了我的手机热点  
顿时，vnc就掉线了（因为我电脑也是连的家里的wifi，所以两台设备不在同一个局域网中了）

完蛋，我还不知道pi连接手机时的ip啊…

然后我望向显示屏，显示IP的位置变成了 IP：

再两秒后，变成了IP：192.168.43.8

然后我连忙将电脑也连上了热点，最后成功通过这个ip地址连接上了Pi

看，这多香啊

要是像以前的话，我又要拔掉电源，带上我的Pi和mini-html转html线，USB-HUB，键鼠一起迁徙到客厅，把电视当做树莓派的显示屏，再来连接上wifi

唉，多麻烦呀

所以吧…我觉得这个项目还是挺有实用性的

嗯，那么下面开始演示

### 文章目录 ###

*   *  一.接线
     *  二.0.96寸屏安装
     *  三.DS18B20测温模块的使用
     *  四.获取树莓派CPU的温度值
     *  五.代码整合
     *  六.完整代码

## 一.接线 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1loZW4x_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1loZW4x_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]

首先看下这个OLED屏幕  
共有4个引脚  
分别是SCL,SDA,VCC,GND  
分别接在树莓派的pin5,pin3,pin2,pin9  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1loZW4x_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 1]

DS18B20有三个引脚：VCC,DQ,GND  
分别接在Pin17,Pin7,Pin39  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1loZW4x_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 2]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1loZW4x_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 3]

## 二.0.96寸屏安装 ##

开启i2c

sudo apt-get install -y python-smbus
    sudo apt-get install -y i2c-tools
    sudo raspi-config

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1loZW4x_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1loZW4x_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1loZW4x_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]  
然后重启

sudo reboot

使用以下命令看是否能识别到屏幕

sudo i2cdetect -y 1

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1loZW4x_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]

接着下载屏幕的驱动

git clone https://gitee.com/Yhen_CN/luma.oled.git

这个驱动是我导入GitHub大佬的到gitee中去的，GitHub下载太慢了…

下载Adafruit-SSD1306库

sudo pip install Adafruit-SSD1306

安装PIL库

sudo apt-get install python-pil python3-pil

下载**示例**文件

git clone https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_Python_SSD1306.git

安装好以后  
就可以运行示例文件测试一下了

cd Adafruit_Python_SSD1306/

cd examples/

python3 stats.py

如果显示屏中显示这样  
那恭喜你 成功点亮了  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1loZW4x_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 4]  
但是你会发现这些信息前面怎么会有个b’ 啊，IP后面怎么会有个\\n  
太碍眼了吧…

那是因为获取到了这些信息是Bytes格式的，而Python中默认是str  
所以我们只需要将这些信息转换成str就好了  
然后替换掉原来的数据即可  
![在这里插入图片描述][20210208220201368.png]  
修改之后 就能够正常显示了  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1loZW4x_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 5]  
显示屏弄好了，接下来来点亮DS18B20测温模块

## 三.DS18B20测温模块的使用 ##

sudo raspi-config

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1loZW4x_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1loZW4x_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1loZW4x_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7]  
然后重启

sudo reboot

接着进入 /sys/bus/w1/devices/

cd /sys/bus/w1/devices/

如果看到这个28-xxx则表示连接成功了  
每个人都不一样的，但是貌似都是28开头的  
![在这里插入图片描述][20210208221539445.png]  
进入这个文件中

cd 28-01202913b0f4

cat w1_slave

可以看到t=24687  
这个数除以1000即是当前温度的摄氏度了  
![在这里插入图片描述][2021020822175876.png]  
在python中获取温度  
（**记得将28-01202913b0f4替换成自己的设备号**）

## 四.获取树莓派CPU的温度值 ##

cat /sys/class/thermal/thermal_zone0/temp

在python中获取

path='/sys/class/thermal/thermal_zone0/temp'
    ctemfile=open(path)
    text2=ctemfile.read()
    ctemfile.close()
    cpu_tem=float(text2 )/1000

## 五.代码整合 ##

接下来要将cpu的温度和室内的温度显示到显示屏中

sudo nano stats.py

将122-125行的内容删掉  
![在这里插入图片描述][20210208230343596.png]  
然后插入以下代码  
（**记得将28-01202913b0f4替换成自己的设备号**）

tfile = open("/sys/bus/w1/devices/28-01202913b0f4/w1_slave")
    text =  tfile.read()
    tfile.close()
    secondline=text.split("\n")[1]
    temperaturedata = secondline.split(" ")[9]
    temperature = float(temperaturedata[2:])
    temperature =round( temperature / 1000,2)
    
    path='/sys/class/thermal/thermal_zone0/temp'
    ctemfile=open(path)
    text2=ctemfile.read()
    ctemfile.close()
    cpu_tem=float(text2 )/1000
    
    # Write two lines of text.
    ip2=str(IP,encoding='utf8')
    CPU2=str(CPU,encoding='utf8')
    MemUsage2=str(MemUsage,encoding='utf8')
    Disk2=str(Disk,encoding='utf8')
    draw.text((x, top),"IP: " +ip2,  font=font, fill=255)
    draw.text((x, top+8),str(CPU2), font=font, fill=255)
    draw.text((x, top+16),str(MemUsage2),  font=font, fill=200)
    draw.text((x, top+25),str(Disk2),  font=font, fill=255)
    draw.text((x, top + 35), 'Cpu_Tem:' + str(cpu_tem), font=font, fill=255)
    draw.text((x, top + 45),'Environment_Tem:'+ str(temperature), font=font, fill=255)

保存退出以后  
运行代码  
就可以成功显示啦

python3 stats.py &

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1loZW4x_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center]

刚刚将程序放在了后台运行  
要将程序放到前台运行只需输入命令

以下是关闭的步骤  
输入命令 jobs -l 查看任务的PID  
![在这里插入图片描述][20210208230923918.png]  
然后通过kill + PID号结束进程

kill 30858

要注意的是，即使你关闭了进程，显示屏也不会变黑  
会一直显示着最后的画面

## 六.完整代码 ##

stats.py

# Copyright (c) 2017 Adafruit Industries
    # Author: Tony DiCola & James DeVito
    #
    # Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
    # of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
    # in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
    # to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
    # copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
    # furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
    #
    # The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
    # all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
    #
    # THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
    # IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
    # FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
    # AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
    # LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
    # OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
    # THE SOFTWARE.
    import time
    
    import Adafruit_GPIO.SPI as SPI
    import Adafruit_SSD1306
    
    from PIL import Image
    from PIL import ImageDraw
    from PIL import ImageFont
    
    import subprocess
    
    # Raspberry Pi pin configuration:
    RST = None     # on the PiOLED this pin isnt used
    # Note the following are only used with SPI:
    DC = 23
    SPI_PORT = 0
    SPI_DEVICE = 0
    
    # Beaglebone Black pin configuration:
    # RST = 'P9_12'
    # Note the following are only used with SPI:
    # DC = 'P9_15'
    # SPI_PORT = 1
    # SPI_DEVICE = 0
    
    # 128x32 display with hardware I2C:
    +disp = Adafruit_SSD1306.SSD1306_128_32(rst=RST)
    
    # 128x64 display with hardware I2C:
    # disp = Adafruit_SSD1306.SSD1306_128_64(rst=RST)
    
    # Note you can change the I2C address by passing an i2c_address parameter like:
    # disp = Adafruit_SSD1306.SSD1306_128_64(rst=RST, i2c_address=0x3C)
    
    # Alternatively you can specify an explicit I2C bus number, for example
    # with the 128x32 display you would use:
    # disp = Adafruit_SSD1306.SSD1306_128_32(rst=RST, i2c_bus=2)
    
    # 128x32 display with hardware SPI:
    # disp = Adafruit_SSD1306.SSD1306_128_32(rst=RST, dc=DC, spi=SPI.SpiDev(SPI_PORT, SPI_DEVICE, max_speed_hz=8000000))
    
    # 128x64 display with hardware SPI:
    # disp = Adafruit_SSD1306.SSD1306_128_64(rst=RST, dc=DC, spi=SPI.SpiDev(SPI_PORT, SPI_DEVICE, max_speed_hz=8000000))
    
    # Alternatively you can specify a software SPI implementation by providing
    # digital GPIO pin numbers for all the required display pins.  For example
    # on a Raspberry Pi with the 128x32 display you might use:
    # disp = Adafruit_SSD1306.SSD1306_128_32(rst=RST, dc=DC, sclk=18, din=25, cs=22)
    
    # Initialize library.
    disp.begin()
    
    # Clear display.
    disp.clear()
    disp.display()
    
    # Create blank image for drawing.
    # Make sure to create image with mode '1' for 1-bit color.
    width = disp.width
    height = disp.height
    image = Image.new('1', (width, height))
    
    # Get drawing object to draw on image.
    draw = ImageDraw.Draw(image)
    
    # Draw a black filled box to clear the image.
    draw.rectangle((0,0,width,height), outline=0, fill=0)
    
    # Draw some shapes.
    # First define some constants to allow easy resizing of shapes.
    padding = -2
    top = padding
    bottom = height-padding
    # Move left to right keeping track of the current x position for drawing shapes.
    x = 0
    
    
    # Load default font.
    font = ImageFont.load_default()
    
    # Alternatively load a TTF font.  Make sure the .ttf font file is in the same directory as the python script!
    # Some other nice fonts to try: http://www.dafont.com/bitmap.php
    # font = ImageFont.truetype('Minecraftia.ttf', 8)
    
    while True:
    
        # Draw a black filled box to clear the image.
        draw.rectangle((0,0,width,height), outline=0, fill=0)
    
        # Shell scripts for system monitoring from here : https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/119126/command-to-display-memory-usage-disk-usage-and-cpu-load
        cmd = "hostname -I | cut -d\' \' -f1"
        IP = subprocess.check_output(cmd, shell = True )
        cmd = "top -bn1 | grep load | awk '{printf \"CPU Load: %.2f\", $(NF-2)}'"
        CPU = subprocess.check_output(cmd, shell = True )
        cmd = "free -m | awk 'NR==2{printf \"Mem: %s/%sMB %.2f%%\", $3,$2,$3*100/$2 }'"
        MemUsage = subprocess.check_output(cmd, shell = True )
        cmd = "df -h | awk '$NF==\"/\"{printf \"Disk: %d/%dGB %s\", $3,$2,$5}'"
        Disk = subprocess.check_output(cmd, shell = True )
    
        # Write two lines of text.
    
        draw.text((x, top),       "IP: " + str(IP),  font=font, fill=255)
        draw.text((x, top+8),     str(CPU), font=font, fill=255)
        draw.text((x, top+16),    str(MemUsage),  font=font, fill=255)
        draw.text((x, top+25),    str(Disk),  font=font, fill=255)
    
        # Display image.
        disp.image(image)
        disp.display()
        time.sleep(.1)

接触树莓派的时间不长  
可能有写不好或者错误的地方  
请大佬们多多指教  
如果觉得对你有帮助的话 不妨一键三连一下哦  
谢谢了

那么下期再见  
886

关注我的公众号“**Yhen杂文铺**”获取更多精彩内容哦~  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1loZW4x_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 6]

[https_blog.csdn.net_Yhen1_article_details_113760948]: https://blog.csdn.net/Yhen1/article/details/113760948
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1loZW4x_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center]: /images/20221024/d0ffaee0066a431bad23a3a27550d807.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1loZW4x_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20221024/3a90c2ed334c4bcc8ddb4aa345b6e948.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1loZW4x_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: /images/20221024/18c87b58465c4d27986dbb75082526ec.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1loZW4x_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 1]: /images/20221024/0de334755c2546c886cb7b9b9d0fe1ea.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1loZW4x_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 2]: /images/20221024/f7ae0942a01a4fd3801f61d84395e76c.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1loZW4x_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 3]: /images/20221024/f0fde26837ad48e2941c8b718e247142.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1loZW4x_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]: /images/20221024/c71febf6864241faa2350b8d89868569.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1loZW4x_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]: /images/20221024/c4db4e47a68441d2ae75aa4aa41a8584.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1loZW4x_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]: /images/20221024/9836b7db1a204914ae5a4ab8329ddd0a.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1loZW4x_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]: /images/20221024/ef43a36cb69e4b9ba812d732eaf56d0b.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1loZW4x_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 4]: /images/20221024/75484b26b840471c909c569e017ea5eb.png
[20210208220201368.png]: /images/20221024/3dc602620c064381bb02abcb3a0ccf67.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1loZW4x_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 5]: /images/20221024/bf386421d1e94c3fa0ba9dd3cc189e07.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1loZW4x_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6]: /images/20221024/5a334691575b4860a54f34df6a840856.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1loZW4x_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7]: /images/20221024/6053e6fe7021401bb6dcc3eb53b403ea.png
[20210208221539445.png]: /images/20221024/0958ff6ea31e45cc991685b67c536aa0.png
[2021020822175876.png]: /images/20221024/cc66fa28c9984b57ac70124c211939d1.png
[20210208230343596.png]: /images/20221024/99e909250aae4594be2ed4030db720c0.png
[20210208230923918.png]: /images/20221024/f11f9ab4333640d48ee72f3ee8f8eb18.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1loZW4x_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 6]: /images/20221024/875ce80408044f42ba9d3f1fdcee61d6.png