C/C++编程：执行终端命令

叁歲伎倆 2022-10-27 12:17 407阅读 0赞

# linux #

#include <cstdlib>
    int main(int argc, char **argv)
    {
        
        system("ls -al /etc/passwd /etc/shadow");
        return 0;
    }

#include<string>
    #include<cstdio>
    #include<cstring>
    #include<iostream>
    using namespace std;
    
    
    int main(){
        
        char line[300];
        FILE *fp;
        string cmd = "ping www.baidu.com";
        int count = 0;
        // system call
        const char *sysCommand = cmd.data();
        if ((fp = popen(sysCommand, "r")) == NULL) {
        
            cout << "error" << endl;
            return 0;
        }
    
    
        while (fgets(line, sizeof(line)-1, fp) != NULL){
        
            cout << "count ---> " << count << "   line ---> " <<line    << endl;
            count++;
            if(count == 20){
        
                break;
            }
        }
        pclose(fp);
        return 0;
    }

#include <cstdlib>
    int main(int argc, char **argv)
    {
        
        std::system("ls -l");
        return 0;
    }

获取命令返回结果：

std::string getCmdResult(const std::string &strCmd)
    {
        
        char buf[10240] = {
        0};
        FILE *pf = NULL;
    
        if( (pf = popen(strCmd.c_str(), "r")) == NULL )
        {
        
            return "";
        }
    
        std::string strResult;
        while(fgets(buf, sizeof buf, pf))
        {
        
            strResult += buf;
        }
    
        pclose(pf);
    
        unsigned int iSize =  strResult.size();
        if(iSize > 0 && strResult[iSize - 1] == '\n')  // linux
        {
        
            strResult = strResult.substr(0, iSize - 1);
        }
    
        return strResult;
    }

# windows #

#include <iostream>
    #include <string>
    #include <Windows.h>
    
    using namespace std;
    
    /*
    获取CMD执行结果
    cmdLine:要执行的命令
    */
    char* GetCmdRet(char* cmdLine);
    
    int main(void)
    {
        
        char* ret = GetCmdRet("echo y | pscp.exe -pw 123xhy C:/Users/oceanstar/source/QT/deployment_gui_release.zip  root@192.168.0.24:/home/oceanstar/workspace/");
        cout << ret << endl;
        free(ret);
        cout << "\n====================------====================\n" << endl;
        /*ret = GetCmdRet("dir");
        cout << "----" << ret << endl;
        free(ret);
    
        cout << "\n====================------====================\n" << endl;
        ret = GetCmdRet("ipconfig");
        cout << ret << endl;
        free(ret);
        */
        system("pause");
        return 0;
    }
    
    char* GetCmdRet(char* cmdLine)
    {
        
        HANDLE hRead = NULL, hWrite = NULL;
        PROCESS_INFORMATION pInfo = {
         0 };
        SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES se = {
         0 };
        STARTUPINFO sInfo = {
         0 };
        char tmpCmd[1000000] = {
         0 }, * retStr = NULL;
        DWORD dwLen = 0;
        string ret;
    
        se.nLength = sizeof(se);
        se.lpSecurityDescriptor = NULL;
        se.bInheritHandle = TRUE;
    
        // 创建一个匿名管道
        CreatePipe(&hRead, &hWrite, &se, 0);
    
        sInfo.cb = sizeof(sInfo);
        sInfo.dwFlags = STARTF_USESHOWWINDOW | STARTF_USESTDHANDLES; // 这两个常量分别用于设置隐藏窗口+输出目标
        sInfo.wShowWindow = SW_HIDE; // 隐藏窗口运行
        sInfo.hStdOutput = hWrite;    // 让其输出到这个管道去而不是输出到控制台
        sInfo.hStdError = hWrite;    // 错误信息也是输出到该管道
        sprintf_s(tmpCmd, MAX_PATH, "cmd.exe /c %s", cmdLine);
        CreateProcess(NULL, tmpCmd, NULL, NULL, TRUE, NULL, NULL, NULL, &sInfo, &pInfo);
        CloseHandle(hWrite);
    
        while (dwLen != -1)
        {
        
            // 查看管道中是否有数据
            PeekNamedPipe(hRead, NULL, NULL, NULL, &dwLen, NULL);
            if (dwLen)
            {
        
                memset(tmpCmd, 0, MAX_PATH);
                // 读取管道数据
                ReadFile(hRead, tmpCmd, dwLen, &dwLen, NULL);
                ret += tmpCmd;
                cout <<"---------------" <<tmpCmd << endl;
            }
            else
            {
        
                DWORD dwExit = 0;
                GetExitCodeProcess(pInfo.hProcess, &dwExit);
                // 避免程序已经退出,但管道仍有数据的情况
                if (dwExit != STILL_ACTIVE)
                {
        
                    CloseHandle(hRead);
                    break;
                }
            }
            // 一定要加个延时,否则可能有重复数据
            Sleep(1);
        }
        retStr = (char*)malloc(sizeof(char) * ret.length() + 1);
        memset(retStr, 0, ret.length() + 1);
        strncpy(retStr, ret.c_str(), ret.length() + 1);
        return retStr;
    }

#include <iostream>
    #include <string>
    
    #include <QDebug>
    
    #include <QCoreApplication>
    #include <QProcess>
    #include <windows.h>
    
    
    BOOL ExecDosCmd(char* cmdLine)
    {
        
    #define EXECDOSCMD   "dir"
      //"ping http://www.baidu.com" //可以换成你的命令
    
        HANDLE hRead = NULL, hWrite = NULL;
        SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES se;
        se.nLength = sizeof(SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES);
        se.lpSecurityDescriptor = NULL;
        se.bInheritHandle = TRUE;
    
        if (!CreatePipe(&hRead,&hWrite,&se,0))
        {
        
            std::cout <<"CreatePipe failed"  << std::endl;
            return FALSE;
        }
    
        char tmpCmd[1000000] = {
         0 };
        sprintf_s(tmpCmd, MAX_PATH, "cmd.exe /c %s", cmdLine);
        QString str(tmpCmd);
    
        STARTUPINFO sInfo = {
         0 };
        sInfo.cb = sizeof(sInfo);
        sInfo.dwFlags = STARTF_USESHOWWINDOW | STARTF_USESTDHANDLES; // 这两个常量分别用于设置隐藏窗口+输出目标
        sInfo.wShowWindow = SW_HIDE; // 隐藏窗口运行
        sInfo.hStdOutput = hWrite;    // 让其输出到这个管道去而不是输出到控制台
        sInfo.hStdError = hWrite;    // 错误信息也是输出到该管道
    
        PROCESS_INFORMATION pInfo = {
         0 };
    
        if (!CreateProcess(NULL, (LPWSTR)str.utf16(),NULL,NULL,TRUE,NULL,NULL,NULL, &sInfo, &pInfo))
        {
        
            std::cout <<"CreateProcess failed " <<tmpCmd << std::endl;
            CloseHandle(hWrite);
            CloseHandle(hRead);
            return FALSE;
        }
        CloseHandle(hWrite);
    
    
        std::string ret;
        DWORD dwLen = 0;
        char * retStr = NULL;
        while (dwLen != (DWORD)-1)
        {
        
            // 查看管道中是否有数据
            PeekNamedPipe(hRead, NULL, NULL, NULL, &dwLen, NULL);
            if (dwLen)
            {
        
                memset(tmpCmd, 0, MAX_PATH);
                // 读取管道数据
                ReadFile(hRead, tmpCmd, dwLen, &dwLen, NULL);
                ret += tmpCmd;
                std::cout <<"---------------" <<tmpCmd << std::endl;
            }
            else
            {
        
                DWORD dwExit = 0;
                GetExitCodeProcess(pInfo.hProcess, &dwExit);
                // 避免程序已经退出,但管道仍有数据的情况
                if (dwExit != STILL_ACTIVE)
                {
        
                    CloseHandle(hRead);
                    break;
                }
            }
            // 一定要加个延时,否则可能有重复数据
            Sleep(1);
        }
        CloseHandle(hRead);
        return TRUE;
    }
    int main(int argc, char *argv[])
    {
        
        QCoreApplication a(argc, argv);
        ExecDosCmd("ping www.baidu.com");
    
        return a.exec();
    }

[参考][Link 1]

[Link 1]: https://www.cnblogs.com/biaoge140/p/9539218.html