Spring Cloud 学习（五）：Hystrix服务熔断与服务降级、Dashboard流监控

迷南。 2022-10-24 13:23 180阅读 0赞

### 文章目录 ###

*   *  服务熔断与服务降级
 *  一、Hystrix简介
 *  二、Hystrix服务熔断
 *   *  1、新增子模块 springcloud-provider-dept-hystrix-8001
     *  2、内容与springcloud-provider-dept-8001 一样
     *  3、修改DeptController
     *  4、启动类加注解
     *  5、测试
     *  6、显示服务的ip地址
 *  三、Hystrix服务降级
 *   *  1、修改api模块
     *  2、在feign模块添加 hystrix 配置
     *  3、测试
 *  四、Hystrix:Dashboard流监控
 *   *  1、新建模块并导入依赖
     *  2、配置文件
     *  3、启动类
     *  4、确保提供者有相应的依赖
     *  5、提供者的启动类
     *  6、测试
     *  7、分析

## 服务熔断与服务降级 ##

>  *  服务熔断：服务端某个服务超时或者异常，引起熔断，保险丝
>  *  服务降级：客户端从整体网站请求负载考虑，当某个服务熔断或者关闭之后，服务将不再被调用此时在客户端，我们可以准备一个FallbackFactory，返回一个默认的值（缺省值），整体的服务水平下降了~但是，好歹能用

# 一、Hystrix简介 #

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L20wXzQ1MjM0NTEw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L20wXzQ1MjM0NTEw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L20wXzQ1MjM0NTEw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]

# 二、Hystrix服务熔断 #

## 1、新增子模块 springcloud-provider-dept-hystrix-8001 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L20wXzQ1MjM0NTEw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]

<dependencies>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-hystrix</artifactId>
                <version>1.4.6.RELEASE</version>
            </dependency>
    
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
                <version>1.4.6.RELEASE</version>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
            </dependency>
    
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.xiaol</groupId>
                <artifactId>springcloud-api</artifactId>
                <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
            </dependency>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>junit</groupId>
                <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            </dependency>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>mysql</groupId>
                <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            </dependency>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
                <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
            </dependency>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
                <artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
            </dependency>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            </dependency>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-test</artifactId>
            </dependency>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            </dependency>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jetty</artifactId>
            </dependency>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>

## 2、内容与springcloud-provider-dept-8001 一样 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L20wXzQ1MjM0NTEw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]  
配置文件

server:
      port: 8001
    
    # mybatis 配置
    mybatis:
      type-aliases-package: com.xiaol.springcloud.pojo
      config-location: classpath:mybatis/mybatis-config.xml
      mapper-locations: classpath:mybatis/mapper/*.xml # spring 配置 spring: application: name: springcloud-provider-dept datasource: type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource driver-class-name: org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db01?userUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8 username: root password: 123456 # eureka 配置 eureka: client: service-url: defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka/,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka/,http://eureka7003.com:7003/eureka/ instance: instance-id: springcloud-provider-dept-hystrix-8001 # 修改eureka上的默认描述信息 # info 配置 info: app.name: xiaol-springcloud company.name: blog.xiaol.com

## 3、修改DeptController ##

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L20wXzQ1MjM0NTEw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]

## 4、启动类加注解 ##

@EnableCircuitBreaker //添加对熔断的支持  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L20wXzQ1MjM0NTEw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6]

## 5、测试 ##

依次启动  
![在这里插入图片描述][20210130102421551.png]  
访问：http://localhost:8083/consumer/dept/get/1  
![在这里插入图片描述][2021013010244448.png]  
访问不存在的id  
http://localhost:8083/consumer/dept/get/10

![在这里插入图片描述][2021013010251239.png]

## 6、显示服务的ip地址 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L20wXzQ1MjM0NTEw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L20wXzQ1MjM0NTEw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8]

# 三、Hystrix服务降级 #

## 1、修改api模块 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L20wXzQ1MjM0NTEw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9]  
DeptClientServiceFallbackFactory

import com.xiaol.springcloud.pojo.Dept;
    import feign.hystrix.FallbackFactory;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    
    import java.util.List;
    
    //降级
    @Component
    public class DeptClientServiceFallbackFactory implements FallbackFactory { 
        @Override
        public DeptClientService create(Throwable throwable) { 
            return new DeptClientService() { 
                @Override
                public Dept queryById(Long id) { 
                    return new Dept()
                            .setDeptno(id)
                            .setDname("id=>"+id+ "没有对应的信息，客户端提供了降级的信息，这个服务现在已经被关闭")
                            .setDb_source("没有数据~");
                }
    
                @Override
                public List<Dept> queryA11() { 
                    return null;
                }
    
                @Override
                public Boolean addDept(Dept dept) { 
                    return null;
                }
            };
        }
    }

DeptClientService

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L20wXzQ1MjM0NTEw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 10]

@FeignClient(value ="SPRINGCLOUD-PROVIDER-DEPT",fallbackFactory = DeptClientServiceFallbackFactory.class)  //这里的value对应注册中心的资源名

## 2、在feign模块添加 hystrix 配置 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L20wXzQ1MjM0NTEw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 11]

# hystrix 配置
    feign:
      hystrix:
        enabled: true

## 3、测试 ##

依次启动  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L20wXzQ1MjM0NTEw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 12]

访问：http://localhost:8083/consumer/dept/get/1，没问题  
![在这里插入图片描述][20210130105748877.png]  
关闭服务提供者 springcloud-provider-dept-8001  
![在这里插入图片描述][20210130110434740.png]

再次访问 http://localhost:8083/consumer/dept/get/1  
![在这里插入图片描述][20210130111851289.png]

# 四、Hystrix:Dashboard流监控 #

## 1、新建模块并导入依赖 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L20wXzQ1MjM0NTEw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 13]

## 2、配置文件 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L20wXzQ1MjM0NTEw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 14]

## 3、启动类 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L20wXzQ1MjM0NTEw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 15]

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
    import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.hystrix.dashboard.EnableHystrixDashboard;
    
    @SpringBootApplication
    @EnableHystrixDashboard //开启Dashboard
    public class DeptConsumerDashboard_9001 { 
        public static void main(String[] args) { 
            SpringApplication.run(DeptConsumerDashboard_9001.class,args);
        }
    }

## 4、确保提供者有相应的依赖 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L20wXzQ1MjM0NTEw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 16]

<dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-hystrix</artifactId>
                <version>1.4.6.RELEASE</version>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
            </dependency>

## 5、提供者的启动类 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L20wXzQ1MjM0NTEw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 17]

//增加一个 Servlet
        @Bean
        public ServletRegistrationBean hystrixMetricsStreamServlet() { 
            ServletRegistrationBean registrationBean = new ServletRegistrationBean(new HystrixMetricsStreamServlet());
            registrationBean.addUrlMappings("/actuator/hystrix.stream");
            return registrationBean;
        }

## 6、测试 ##

依次启动  
![在这里插入图片描述][20210130141248922.png]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L20wXzQ1MjM0NTEw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 18]  
访问：http://localhost:9001/hystrix

填入： http://localhost:8001/actuator/hystrix.stream  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L20wXzQ1MjM0NTEw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 19]  
进入该页面  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L20wXzQ1MjM0NTEw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 20]  
多次访问：  
http://localhost:8001/dept/get/1，监控信息如下图：

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L20wXzQ1MjM0NTEw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 21]

## 7、分析 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L20wXzQ1MjM0NTEw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 22]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L20wXzQ1MjM0NTEw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 23]

--------------------

> [点我前往《SpringCloud专栏》][SpringCloud]  
> 项目地址：关注公众号【小L星光】，回复【springcloud示例】即可获取。

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L20wXzQ1MjM0NTEw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 24]

[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L20wXzQ1MjM0NTEw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20221024/1f042bd928de4533a387461938f30e00.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L20wXzQ1MjM0NTEw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: /images/20221024/d31edecf277e4f86802b7234825ad369.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L20wXzQ1MjM0NTEw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]: /images/20221024/2f7cd0118a45429b8bc67dec9491f984.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L20wXzQ1MjM0NTEw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]: /images/20221024/29318b636621464ab1fa822d26bd8e65.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L20wXzQ1MjM0NTEw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]: /images/20221024/c4dfdc82ff3b44e3a213bd4733e1a24f.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L20wXzQ1MjM0NTEw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]: /images/20221024/204bbaa94033409980506c03d8292392.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L20wXzQ1MjM0NTEw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6]: /images/20221024/132927ff5f64413498af3cb6d76310e1.png
[20210130102421551.png]: /images/20221024/4e689401d8c9479aad75dc9ac52be644.png
[2021013010244448.png]: /images/20221024/c59fa1198a24481fa16dc39ebc400900.png
[2021013010251239.png]: /images/20221024/455de0e80b5f4c84a770ada5e69fe85d.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L20wXzQ1MjM0NTEw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7]: /images/20221024/62188df18add434bbc05313f77547a3b.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L20wXzQ1MjM0NTEw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8]: /images/20221024/309d2942771045c6bf2c23459831b6e3.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L20wXzQ1MjM0NTEw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9]: /images/20221024/28866f83f2f94093b627d80d35297af7.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L20wXzQ1MjM0NTEw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 10]: /images/20221024/c4d5f14ce36b4f3a8d0774090b773c56.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L20wXzQ1MjM0NTEw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 11]: /images/20221024/a8aec754460b42ddac9acd126b2f362f.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L20wXzQ1MjM0NTEw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 12]: /images/20221024/9accf0b1cbfb42c7aa0de254f7e48c0b.png
[20210130105748877.png]: /images/20221024/7ad7068ea89246a3ab41c82be0802299.png
[20210130110434740.png]: /images/20221024/a6a1f2fecb6849099d79f08abeaecbc7.png
[20210130111851289.png]: /images/20221024/ae7dfca9948444a98696fa4b17188b8e.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L20wXzQ1MjM0NTEw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 13]: /images/20221024/2b994be3f5d04a76a74d2e344e848ec1.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L20wXzQ1MjM0NTEw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 14]: /images/20221024/a7c95a41d17245ec9dfa726dd6c21e77.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L20wXzQ1MjM0NTEw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 15]: /images/20221024/ac486d77fa314498b67d41e0cfb8b1a3.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L20wXzQ1MjM0NTEw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 16]: /images/20221024/3f4ea16da06142889a061f889aa84ced.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L20wXzQ1MjM0NTEw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 17]: /images/20221024/b5cffe57d96a42a8952bec25b08b42fe.png
[20210130141248922.png]: /images/20221024/83bf2eb411b7456c9f266cb6c8219ff9.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L20wXzQ1MjM0NTEw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 18]: /images/20221024/8c9a6447211540798b438e94a65c006b.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L20wXzQ1MjM0NTEw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 19]: /images/20221024/69ea69fa0d474c94946f435a14453eb6.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L20wXzQ1MjM0NTEw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 20]: /images/20221024/d1d8f2b64a8c4413b78fb6005dff4c5d.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L20wXzQ1MjM0NTEw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 21]: /images/20221024/bf010db609174b4489da8515657aa4ef.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L20wXzQ1MjM0NTEw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 22]: /images/20221024/2b447668e1504bb8bca2da1db0071531.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L20wXzQ1MjM0NTEw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 23]: /images/20221024/b5979db3eaa340439ffafd22d32ed4de.png
[SpringCloud]: https://blog.csdn.net/m0_45234510/category_10774897.html
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L20wXzQ1MjM0NTEw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 24]: /images/20221024/4bb32b05464f4a3e816d99bce59200db.png