pcm转wav

迈不过友情╰ 2022-10-19 04:11 330阅读 0赞

> 源码地址：https://gitee.com/yzdyzdyzd/websocket.git

PCM相比WAV而言，wav比pcm多44字节文件头。  
把PCM格式的数据存储成WAV格式数据的思路：先写头部，再写数据块。

WAV格式可以分成两个部分：

1.文件头，存储一些重要的参数信息，比如采样率，声道数，量化精度等等。  
2.数据块，原始的PCM数据。想要了解WAV格式的可以[点击这里][Link 1]

import javax.sound.sampled.*;
    import java.io.*;
    
    
    /**
     * 音频文件转换工具类，不需要实例化，直接使用静态方法进行转换。 目前提供PCM到WAV格式转换。
     *
     * @author : YZD
     * @date : 2021-7-8 11:16
     */
    
    public class Converter {
        
        private Converter() {
        
        }
    
        /**
         * 将PCM原始文件转换为WAV格式
         *
         * @param numChannels   通道数
         * @param sampleRate    采样率
         * @param bitsPerSample 位数
         * @param src           原始文件
         * @param target        目标文件
         * @return 转换成功返回0，失败返回-1。
         * @throws IOException 如果文件不存在，或读写错误，抛出异常。
         */
        public static int pcm2Wav(short numChannels, int sampleRate, short bitsPerSample, String src, String target)
                throws IOException {
        
            FileInputStream fis = null;
            FileOutputStream fos = null;
            try {
        
                fis = new FileInputStream(src);
                fos = new FileOutputStream(target);
    
                ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
                byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
                int len;
                while (-1 != (len = fis.read(buf))) {
        
                    baos.write(buf, 0, len);
                }
    
                WaveHelper helper = new WaveHelper(numChannels, sampleRate, bitsPerSample, baos.size());
                byte[] h = helper.getHeader();
                if (null == h) {
        
                    return -1;
                }
                // write header
                fos.write(h);
                // write data stream
                fos.write(baos.toByteArray());
                return 0;
            } finally {
        
                if (null != fis) {
        
                    fis.close();
                }
                if (null != fos) {
        
                    fos.close();
                }
            }
        }
    
        /**
         * 将PCM原始文件转换为WAV格式
         *
         * @param numChannels   通道数
         * @param sampleRate    采样率
         * @param bitsPerSample 位数
         * @param baos          原始流
         * @param target        目标文件
         * @return 转换成功返回0，失败返回-1。
         * @throws IOException 如果文件不存在，或读写错误，抛出异常。
         */
        public static int pcmWav(short numChannels, int sampleRate, short bitsPerSample, ByteArrayOutputStream baos, String target)
                throws IOException {
        
            FileOutputStream fos = null;
            try {
        
                fos = new FileOutputStream(target);
    
                WaveHelper helper = new WaveHelper(numChannels, sampleRate, bitsPerSample, baos.size());
                byte[] h = helper.getHeader();
                if (null == h) {
        
                    return -1;
                }
                // write header
                fos.write(h);
                // write data stream
                fos.write(baos.toByteArray());
                return 0;
            } finally {
        
                if (null != fos) {
        
                    fos.close();
                }
            }
        }
    
        /**
         * 辅助类，主要用于生成WAV文件头数据。
         *
         * @author wang
         */
        private static class WaveHelper {
        
            private String chunkId = "RIFF";
            private int chunkSize;
            private String format = "WAVE";
            private String subChunk1Id = "fmt ";
            private int subChunk1Size = 16;
            private short audioFormat = 1;
            private short numChannels;
            private int sampleRate;
            private int byteRate;
            private short blockAlign;
            private short bitsPerSample;
            private String subChunk2Id = "data";
            private int subChunk2Size;
    
            /**
             * @param numChannels   通道数
             * @param sampleRate    采样率
             * @param bitsPerSample 位数
             * @param PCMSize       原始PCM文件大小
             */
            public WaveHelper(short numChannels, int sampleRate, short bitsPerSample, int PCMSize) {
        
                this.numChannels = numChannels;
                this.sampleRate = sampleRate;
                this.bitsPerSample = bitsPerSample;
                this.blockAlign = (short) (this.bitsPerSample * this.numChannels / 8);
                this.byteRate = this.sampleRate * this.blockAlign;
                this.subChunk2Size = PCMSize;
                this.chunkSize = this.subChunk2Size + (44 - 8);
            }
    
            /**
             * 返回wav文件头字节数组，如果异常返回NULL
             *
             * @return 文件头字节数组
             */
            public byte[] getHeader() {
        
                ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
                DataOutputStream dos = new DataOutputStream(baos);
                try {
        
                    dos.write(this.chunkId.getBytes());
                    dos.writeInt(Integer.reverseBytes(this.chunkSize));
                    dos.write(this.format.getBytes());
                    dos.write(this.subChunk1Id.getBytes());
                    dos.writeInt(Integer.reverseBytes(this.subChunk1Size));
                    dos.writeShort(Short.reverseBytes(this.audioFormat));
                    dos.writeShort(Short.reverseBytes(this.numChannels));
                    dos.writeInt(Integer.reverseBytes(this.sampleRate));
                    dos.writeInt(Integer.reverseBytes(this.byteRate));
                    dos.writeShort(Short.reverseBytes(this.blockAlign));
                    dos.writeShort(Short.reverseBytes(this.bitsPerSample));
                    dos.write(this.subChunk2Id.getBytes());
                    dos.writeInt(Integer.reverseBytes(this.subChunk2Size));
                } catch (IOException e) {
        
                    e.printStackTrace();
                    return null;
                }
                return baos.toByteArray();
            }
        }
    
        /**
         * 播放pcm 文件
         *
         * @param file
         */
        public static void playPcm(File file) {
        
            try {
        
                int offset = 0;
                int bufferSize = Integer.valueOf(String.valueOf(file.length()));
                byte[] audioData = new byte[bufferSize];
                InputStream in = new FileInputStream(file);
                in.read(audioData);
    
    
                float sampleRate = 16000;
                int sampleSizeInBits = 16;
                int channels = 1;
                boolean signed = true;
                boolean bigEndian = false;
                // sampleRate - 每秒的样本数
                // sampleSizeInBits - 每个样本中的位数
                // channels - 声道数（单声道 1 个，立体声 2 个）
                // signed - 指示数据是有符号的，还是无符号的
                // bigEndian - 指示是否以 big-endian 字节顺序存储单个样本中的数据（false 意味着
                // little-endian）。
                AudioFormat af = new AudioFormat(sampleRate, sampleSizeInBits, channels, signed, bigEndian);
    
                SourceDataLine.Info info = new DataLine.Info(SourceDataLine.class, af, bufferSize);
                SourceDataLine sdl = (SourceDataLine) AudioSystem.getLine(info);
                sdl.open(af);
                sdl.start();
                while (offset < audioData.length) {
        
                    offset += sdl.write(audioData, offset, bufferSize);
                }
            } catch (LineUnavailableException e) {
        
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
        
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (IOException e) {
        
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
    
        }
    
        /**
         * 播放pcm 流
         *
         * @param baos
         */
        public static void playPcmStream(ByteArrayOutputStream baos) {
        
            try {
        
                int offset = 0;
                int bufferSize = baos.size();
                byte[] audioData = baos.toByteArray();
    
                float sampleRate = 16000;
                int sampleSizeInBits = 16;
                int channels = 1;
                boolean signed = true;
                boolean bigEndian = false;
                // sampleRate - 每秒的样本数
                // sampleSizeInBits - 每个样本中的位数
                // channels - 声道数（单声道 1 个，立体声 2 个）
                // signed - 指示数据是有符号的，还是无符号的
                // bigEndian - 指示是否以 big-endian 字节顺序存储单个样本中的数据（false 意味着
                // little-endian）。
                AudioFormat af = new AudioFormat(sampleRate, sampleSizeInBits, channels, signed, bigEndian);
    
                SourceDataLine.Info info = new DataLine.Info(SourceDataLine.class, af, bufferSize);
                SourceDataLine sdl = (SourceDataLine) AudioSystem.getLine(info);
                sdl.open(af);
                sdl.start();
                while (offset < audioData.length) {
        
                    offset += sdl.write(audioData, offset, bufferSize);
                }
            } catch (LineUnavailableException e) {
        
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    
        /**
         * pcm 转wav
         *
         * @param source
         * @param target
         * @throws Exception
         */
        public static void parse(String source, String target) throws Exception {
        
            float sampleRate = 16000;
            int sampleSizeInBits = 16;
            int channels = 1;
            boolean signed = true;
            boolean bigEndian = false;
            AudioFormat af = new AudioFormat(sampleRate, sampleSizeInBits, channels, signed, bigEndian);
            File sourceFile = new File(source);
            FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(new File(target));
            AudioInputStream audioInputStream = new AudioInputStream(new FileInputStream(sourceFile), af, sourceFile.length());
            AudioSystem.write(audioInputStream, AudioFileFormat.Type.WAVE, out);
            audioInputStream.close();
            out.flush();
            out.close();
        }
    
        public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        
            parse("d:/1.pcm", "d:/11.wav");
        }
    }

[Link 1]: http://soundfile.sapp.org/doc/WaveFormat/