HTML5 的 video 标签，实现简易播放器

秒速五厘米 2022-10-18 00:58 211阅读 0赞

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQzNDc3NzIx_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center]

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**前置知识点：**

HTML `<video>` 元素用于在HTML或者XHTML文档中嵌入媒体播放器，用于支持文档内的视频播放。

*  `currentTime`：读取`CurentTime`返回一个双精度浮点值，指示以秒为单位的媒体的当前播放位置。如果video尚未开始播放，则会在开始播放后返回偏移量。通过`CurentTime`将当前播放位置设置为给定时间，会在加载媒体时将媒体查找到该位置（从指定的位置开始播放）。
 *  `duration`（只读）：一个双精度浮点值，它指示媒体的持续时间(总长度)，以秒为单位，在媒体的时间线上。
 *  `volume`：音量
 *  `playbackrate`：播放速度
 *  `play()`：播放视频
 *  `pause()`：暂停视频

更多知识点：===》 [https://developer.mozilla.org/zh-CN/docs/Web/HTML/Element/video][https_developer.mozilla.org_zh-CN_docs_Web_HTML_Element_video]

![在这里插入图片描述][20210604132606639.gif_pic_center]  
**实现思路：**

1.  实现播放暂停功能

// 获取 video 和 toggle
    const player = document.querySelector('.player')
    const video = player.querySelector('.viewer')
    const toggle = player.querySelector('.toggle')

当 video 标签和 控制按钮被点击时，切换播放状态

video.addEventListener('click', togglePlay)
    toggle.addEventListener('click', togglePlay)

判断 video 的状态，如果当前是暂停，则调用 video 的 play。

// 切换播放状态
    function togglePlay() { 
      const method = video.paused ? 'play' : 'pause'
      video[method]()
    }

1.  切换播放状态图标，对 video 进行播放状态的监听

video.addEventListener('play', updatedToggle)
    video.addEventListener('pause', updatedToggle)

// 切换播放状态图标
    function updatedToggle() { 
      const icon = video.paused ? '►' : '❚ ❚'
      toggle.textContent = icon
    }

1.  实现前进后退功能

获取页面上的两个前进后退按钮，为其添加 `click` 事件。

const skipButtons = player.querySelectorAll('[data-skip]')
    
    skipButtons.forEach(skipButton => skipButton.addEventListener('click', skip))

获取 skip 按钮上的自定义属性，改变 video 的 currentTime

function skip() { 
      video.currentTime += parseFloat(this.dataset.skip)
    }

1.  改变播放速度和音量

获取页面上控制音量和播放速度的两个按钮，为其添加 `change` 事件和 `mousemove` 事件，实现点击或拖动改变的效果。

const ranges = player.querySelectorAll('.player__slider')
    
    ranges.forEach(range => range.addEventListener('change', handleRangeUpdate))
    ranges.forEach(range => range.addEventListener('mousemove', handleRangeUpdate))
    
    // 改变播放速度和音量
    function handleRangeUpdate() { 
      video[this.name] = this.value
    }

1.  实现播放进度条的颜色移动

const progressBar = player.querySelector('.progress__filled')

监听 `video` 标签的 `timeupdate`

video.addEventListener('timeupdate', handleProgress)

用当前播放的时间 `video.currentTime` 除以视频的总时长 `video.duration`

// 改变进度条
    function handleProgress() { 
      const percent = (video.currentTime / video.duration) * 100;
      progressBar.style.flexBasis = `${ percent}%`;
    }

1.  拖动进度条，视频切换到对应的播放时间

const progress = player.querySelector('.progress')

需要一个变量，控制切换是否生效

let mousedown = false

监听 progress 的 `click`，`mousemove`，`mousedown`，`mouseup` 四个事件

let mousedown = false
    progress.addEventListener('click', scrub)
    progress.addEventListener('mousemove', (e) => mousedown && scrub(e))
    progress.addEventListener('mousedown', () => mousedown = true)
    progress.addEventListener('mouseup', () => mousedown = false)

// 点击切换播放进度
    function scrub(e) { 
      const scrubTime = (e.offsetX / progress.offsetWidth) * video.duration
      video.currentTime = scrubTime
    }

**完整代码：**

HTML

<!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    
    <head>
      <meta charset="UTF-8">
      <title>HTML Video Player</title>
      <link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css">
    </head>
    
    <body>
    
      <div class="player">
        <div class="top" id="barrageList">
          <video class="player__video viewer" src="652333414.mp4"></video>
        </div>
    
        <div class="player__controls">
          <div class="progress">
            <div class="progress__filled"></div>
          </div>
          <button class="player__button toggle" title="Toggle Play">►</button>
          <input type="range" name="volume" class="player__slider" min="0" max="1" step="0.05" value="1">
          <input type="range" name="playbackRate" class="player__slider" min="0.5" max="2" step="0.1" value="1">
          <button data-skip="-10" class="player__button">« 10s</button>
          <button data-skip="25" class="player__button">25s »</button>
        </div>
      </div>
      <script src="./scripts-my.js"></script>
    </body>
    
    </html>

CSS

html { 
      box-sizing: border-box;
    }
    
    *, *:before, *:after { 
      box-sizing: inherit;
    }
    
    body { 
      margin: 0;
      padding: 0;
      display: flex;
      background: #7A419B;
      min-height: 100vh;
      background: linear-gradient(135deg, #7c1599 0%,#921099 48%,#7e4ae8 100%);
      background-size: cover;
      align-items: center;
      justify-content: center;
    }
    
    .player { 
      max-width: 750px;
      border: 5px solid rgba(0,0,0,0.2);
      box-shadow: 0 0 20px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);
      position: relative;
      font-size: 0;
      overflow: hidden;
    }
    
    /* This css is only applied when fullscreen is active. */
    .player:fullscreen { 
      max-width: none;
      width: 100%;
    }
    
    .player:-webkit-full-screen { 
      max-width: none;
      width: 100%;
    }
    
    .player__video { 
      width: 100%;
    }
    
    .player__button { 
      background: none;
      border: 0;
      line-height: 1;
      color: white;
      text-align: center;
      outline: 0;
      padding: 0;
      cursor: pointer;
      max-width: 50px;
    }
    
    .player__button:focus { 
      border-color: #ffc600;
    }
    
    .player__slider { 
      width: 10px;
      height: 30px;
    }
    
    .player__controls { 
      display: flex;
      position: absolute;
      bottom: 0;
      width: 100%;
      transform: translateY(100%) translateY(-5px);
      transition: all .3s;
      flex-wrap: wrap;
      background: rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
    }
    
    .player:hover .player__controls { 
      transform: translateY(0);
    }
    
    .player:hover .progress { 
      height: 15px;
    }
    
    .player__controls > * { 
      flex: 1;
    }
    
    .progress { 
      flex: 10;
      position: relative;
      display: flex;
      flex-basis: 100%;
      height: 5px;
      transition: height 0.3s;
      background: rgba(0,0,0,0.5);
      cursor: ew-resize;
    }
    
    .progress__filled { 
      width: 50%;
      background: #ffc600;
      flex: 0;
      flex-basis: 0%;
    }
    
    /* unholy css to style input type="range" */
    
    input[type=range] { 
      -webkit-appearance: none;
      background: transparent;
      width: 100%;
      margin: 0 5px;
    }
    
    input[type=range]:focus { 
      outline: none;
    }
    
    input[type=range]::-webkit-slider-runnable-track { 
      width: 100%;
      height: 8.4px;
      cursor: pointer;
      box-shadow: 1px 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0), 0 0 1px rgba(13, 13, 13, 0);
      background: rgba(255,255,255,0.8);
      border-radius: 1.3px;
      border: 0.2px solid rgba(1, 1, 1, 0);
    }
    
    input[type=range]::-webkit-slider-thumb { 
      height: 15px;
      width: 15px;
      border-radius: 50px;
      background: #ffc600;
      cursor: pointer;
      -webkit-appearance: none;
      margin-top: -3.5px;
      box-shadow:0 0 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);
    }
    
    input[type=range]:focus::-webkit-slider-runnable-track { 
      background: #bada55;
    }
    
    input[type=range]::-moz-range-track { 
      width: 100%;
      height: 8.4px;
      cursor: pointer;
      box-shadow: 1px 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0), 0 0 1px rgba(13, 13, 13, 0);
      background: #ffffff;
      border-radius: 1.3px;
      border: 0.2px solid rgba(1, 1, 1, 0);
    }
    
    input[type=range]::-moz-range-thumb { 
      box-shadow: 0 0 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0), 0 0 0 rgba(13, 13, 13, 0);
      height: 15px;
      width: 15px;
      border-radius: 50px;
      background: #ffc600;
      cursor: pointer;
    }
    
    .top video { 
      width: 100%;
    }
    
    .bot { 
      display: flex;
    }
    
    .bot .barrage-color { 
      width: 80px;
    }
    
    .bot .barrage-input { 
      width: 240px;
      margin-left: -15px;
    }
    
    .bot .barrage-input input { 
      width: 100%;
      height: 25px;
      font-size: 16px;
    }
    
    #textColor { 
      width: 50px;
      height: 25px;
      border: none;
    }
    
    .bot .barrage-btn { 
      flex: 1;
      text-align: center;
      background: cyan;
      line-height: 25px;
      cursor: pointer;
      border-top-right-radius: 6px;
      border-bottom-right-radius: 6px;
    }
    
    .msg { 
      transform: translateX(-100px);
      position: absolute;
      z-index: 999;
      font-weight: 800;
      animation: l-2-r 6s linear;
    }
    
    /* 从左到右的移动动画 */
    @keyframes l-2-r { 
      from { 
        transform: translateX(500px);
      }
      to { 
        transform: translateX(-100px);
      }
    }

JavaScript

// 首先实现播放暂停功能
    const player = document.querySelector('.player')
    const video = player.querySelector('.viewer')
    const toggle = player.querySelector('.toggle')
    const skipButtons = player.querySelectorAll('[data-skip]')
    const volumeInput = player.querySelector('input[name="volume"]')
    const ranges = player.querySelectorAll('.player__slider')
    const progress = player.querySelector('.progress')
    const progressBar = player.querySelector('.progress__filled')
    const barrageList = document.getElementById('barrageList')
    
    video.addEventListener('click', togglePlay)
    toggle.addEventListener('click', togglePlay)
    video.addEventListener('play', updatedToggle)
    video.addEventListener('pause', updatedToggle)
    video.addEventListener('timeupdate', handleProgress)
    skipButtons.forEach(skipButton => skipButton.addEventListener('click', skip))
    ranges.forEach(range => range.addEventListener('change', handleRangeUpdate))
    ranges.forEach(range => range.addEventListener('mousemove', handleRangeUpdate))
    
    let mousedown = false
    progress.addEventListener('click', scrub)
    progress.addEventListener('mousemove', (e) => mousedown && scrub(e))
    progress.addEventListener('mousedown', () => mousedown = true)
    progress.addEventListener('mouseup', () => mousedown = false)
    
    // 切换播放状态
    function togglePlay() { 
      const method = video.paused ? 'play' : 'pause'
      video[method]()
    }
    
    // 切换播放状态图标
    function updatedToggle() { 
      const icon = video.paused ? '►' : '❚ ❚'
      toggle.textContent = icon
    }
    
    // 前进后退功能
    function skip() { 
      video.currentTime += parseFloat(this.dataset.skip)
    }
    
    // 改变播放速度和音量
    function handleRangeUpdate() { 
      video[this.name] = this.value
    }
    
    // 改变进度条
    function handleProgress() { 
      const percent = (video.currentTime / video.duration) * 100;
      progressBar.style.flexBasis = `${ percent}%`;
    }
    
    // 点击切换播放进度
    function scrub(e) { 
      const scrubTime = (e.offsetX / progress.offsetWidth) * video.duration
      video.currentTime = scrubTime
    }

[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQzNDc3NzIx_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center]: /images/20221014/d662ad41c4b24e0c834adcc708b92271.png
[https_developer.mozilla.org_zh-CN_docs_Web_HTML_Element_video]: https://developer.mozilla.org/zh-CN/docs/Web/HTML/Element/video
[20210604132606639.gif_pic_center]: /images/20221014/13294f9b1dd9402caa7c900899e5774c.png