Note on python__2021年7月2日Python练习使用list和tuple

电玩女神 2022-10-12 01:40 68阅读 0赞

# list #

Python内置的一种数据类型是列表：list。list是一种有序的集合，可以随时添加和删除其中的元素。

# tuple #

另一种有序列表叫元组：tuple。tuple和list非常类似，但是tuple一旦初始化就不能修改.

## list 列表举例 ##

>>> pary = ['apple','bill','chop','delay']
    >>> pary
    ['apple', 'bill', 'chop', 'delay']
    >>> pary.append('elf')
    >>> pary
    ['apple', 'bill', 'chop', 'delay', 'elf']
    >>>

## tuple 元组举例 ##

>>> t = (1,2,3,4,5,6)
    >>> t
    (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6)
    >>> t.append('7')
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
    AttributeError: 'tuple' object has no attribute 'append'
    >>>

## list 列表索引 ##

>>> pary
    ['apple', 'bill', 'chop', 'delay', 'elf']
    >>> pary[1]
    'bill'
    >>> pary(1)
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
    TypeError: 'list' object is not callable
    >>> pary[-1]
    'elf'
    >>> len(pary)
    5
    >>> pary[-5]
    'apple'
    >>> pary[-6]
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
    IndexError: list index out of range
    >>> pary[0:2]
    ['apple', 'bill']
    >>> pary[0:4]
    ['apple', 'bill', 'chop', 'delay']
    >>> pary[-1]
    'elf'
    >>> pary[-1:2]
    []
    >>> len(pary[-1:2]
    ... )
    0
    >>> len(pary[0:3])
    3

## tuple 元组列表索引 ##

>>> t=(1,2,3,4,5)
    >>> t[1]
    2
    >>>

错误示例

>>> t=(1,2,3,4,5)
    >>> t(1)
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
    TypeError: 'tuple' object is not callable

## list 列表编辑 ##

pary
    ['apple', 'bill', 'chop', 'delay', 'elf', 'flee']
    >>> pary
    ['apple', 'bill', 'chop', 'delay', 'elf', 'flee']
    >>> pary.pop(-2)
    'elf'
    >>> pary
    ['apple', 'bill', 'chop', 'delay', 'flee']
    >>> pary.insert(2,'bottle')
    >>> pary
    ['apple', 'bill', 'bottle', 'chop', 'delay', 'flee']
    >>>

错误示例

>>> pary.pop('elf')
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
    TypeError: 'str' object cannot be interpreted as an integer
    >>> pary.pop[-1]
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
    TypeError: 'builtin_function_or_method' object is not subscriptable

## tuple “编辑” ##

tuple 元组自身每一个元素的指向不能改变，但是元组内若存在元素自身内容可以改变的可以改变这元素的内容  
举例

>>> t = ('a', 'b', ['A', 'B'])
    >>> t[2][0] = 'X'
    >>> t[2][1] = 'Y'
    >>> t
    ('a', 'b', ['X', 'Y'])

练习

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
    
    L = [
        ['Apple', 'Google', 'Microsoft'],
        ['Java', 'Python', 'Ruby', 'PHP'],
        ['Adam', 'Bart', 'Lisa']
    ]
    # 打印Apple:
    print(L[0][0])
    # 打印Python:
    print(L[1][1])
    # 打印Lisa:
    print(L[2][2])