Linux centos7 安装 MySQL5.7.x

素颜马尾好姑娘i 2022-10-09 03:29 197阅读 0赞

### 文章目录 ###

*   *   *   *   *  一、下载安装
                 *   *  2. wget 下载方式
                     *  3. 安装
                     *  4. 初始化数据库
                 *  二、修改密码
                 *   *  2.1. 修改密码
                     *  2.2. 修改密码
                     *  2.3. 允许远程访问
                     *  2.4. 关闭防火墙
                     *  2.4. 建立mysql软连接

##### 一、下载安装 #####

下载地址：[https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.7.html\#downloads][https_dev.mysql.com_downloads_mysql_5.7.html_downloads]

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![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MDgxNjczOA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]

下载地址：  
[https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.34-linux-glibc2.12-x86\_64.tar.gz][https_dev.mysql.com_get_Downloads_MySQL-5.7_mysql-5.7.34-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz]

###### 2. wget 下载方式 ######

wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.34-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

###### 3. 安装 ######

# 解压
    tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.34-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
    
    # 再移动并重命名一下
    mv mysql-5.7.34-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
    
    # 创建mysql用户组和用户并修改权限
    groupadd mysql
    useradd -r -g mysql mysql
    
    # 创建数据目录并赋予权限
    mkdir -p  /data/mysql              
    chown mysql:mysql -R /data/mysql   
    
    # 配置my.cnf
    vim /etc/my.cnf

内容如下（原内容清空即可）：

[mysqld]
    bind-address=0.0.0.0
    port=3306
    user=mysql
    basedir=/usr/local/mysql
    datadir=/data/mysql
    socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
    log-error=/data/mysql/mysql.err
    pid-file=/data/mysql/mysql.pid
    #character config
    character_set_server=utf8mb4
    symbolic-links=0
    explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true

###### 4. 初始化数据库 ######

# 进入mysql的bin目录
    cd /usr/local/mysql/bin/
    
    # 初始化
    ./mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/data/mysql/ --user=mysql --initialize
    
    # 查看密码
    cat /data/mysql/mysql.err
    
    # 先将mysql.server放置到/etc/init.d/mysql中
    cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
    
    # 启动
    service mysql start
    
    # 查看进程
    ps -ef|grep mysql
    
    到这里说明mysql已经安装成功了！！

操作记录：

[root@localhost app]# tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.34-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
    [root@localhost app]# mv mysql-5.7.34-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
    [root@localhost app]# groupadd mysql
    [root@localhost app]# useradd -r -g mysql mysql
    [root@localhost app]# mkdir -p /data/mysql #创建目录
    [root@localhost app]# chown mysql:mysql -R /data/mysql #赋予权限
    [root@localhost app]# vim /etc/my.cnf
    [root@localhost app]# cd /usr/local/mysql/bin/
    [root@localhost bin]# ./mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/data/mysql/ --user=mysql --initialize
    [root@localhost bin]# cat /data/mysql/mysql.err
    2021-06-23T12:10:13.135921Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
    2021-06-23T12:10:13.310540Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
    2021-06-23T12:10:13.354777Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
    2021-06-23T12:10:13.455013Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: f6c9acb5-d41b-11eb-af0b-000c293777d6.
    2021-06-23T12:10:13.457378Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
    2021-06-23T12:10:14.122833Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
    2021-06-23T12:10:14.491356Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: wevML>n_q8=;
    [root@localhost bin]# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
    [root@localhost bin]# service mysql start
    Starting MySQL. SUCCESS! 
    
    [root@localhost bin]# ps -ef|grep mysql
    root       3583      1  0 20:11 pts/0    00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/data/mysql --pid-file=/data/mysql/mysql.pid
    mysql      3774   3583  3 20:11 pts/0    00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/data/mysql/mysql.err --pid-file=/data/mysql/mysql.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock --port=3306
    root       3806   3157  0 20:12 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto mysql

##### 二、修改密码 #####

###### 2.1. 修改密码 ######

# 首先登录mysql
    cd /usr/local/mysql/bin/
    ./mysql -u root -p
    输入密码：(前面的那个是随机生成的)

###### 2.2. 修改密码 ######

# 再执行下面三步操作，然后重新登录。
    SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('123456');
    ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER;
    FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

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###### 2.3. 允许远程访问 ######

# 这时候你如果使用远程连接……你会发现你无法连接。
    use mysql                                            #访问mysql库
    update user set host = '%' where user = 'root';      #使root能再任何host访问
    FLUSH PRIVILEGES;                                    #刷新

###### 2.4. 关闭防火墙 ######

systemctl stop firewalld

ok！！！！MySQL5.7就装好了  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MDgxNjczOA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]

###### 2.4. 建立mysql软连接 ######

![在这里插入图片描述][20210623202112949.png]

如果不希望每次都到bin目录下使用mysql命令则执行以下命令

ln -s  /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql    /usr/bin

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[https_dev.mysql.com_downloads_mysql_5.7.html_downloads]: https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.7.html#downloads
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MDgxNjczOA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20221005/4a3e04757a3941cdb8b028eb932d82b8.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MDgxNjczOA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: /images/20221005/2b414e5ec28145e8b17a65ba5aa7e70f.png
[https_dev.mysql.com_get_Downloads_MySQL-5.7_mysql-5.7.34-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz]: https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.34-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
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[20210623202112949.png]: /images/20221005/387e703eeb9a4917919b9592ba7fa521.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MDgxNjczOA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]: /images/20221005/7ba6d384cb1c456db810951889de4a4e.png