linux脚本用fdisk批量给主机硬盘分区

本是古典何须时尚 2022-10-05 14:52 705阅读 0赞

### 文章目录 ###

*  说明
 *  fdisk分区流程【下面的不能跳过】
 *   *  每个区的大小计算
     *  获取使用的命令参数
     *   *  获取方式
         *  值提取后如下
         *  值提出来以后删除刚才创建的分区
     *  脚本测试分区是否正常
     *   *  脚本内容如下
         *  执行结果
     *  脚本中功能增加
     *   *  增加功能后的代码如下
         *  执行结果
         *  功能修改后的效果展示
 *  fdisk遍历批量分区
 *   *  遍历前提条件
     *  遍历脚本代码
     *   *  说明
         *  功能代码
         *  遍历执行代码
     *  脚本执行
     *   *   *  批量中某一台创建失败处理方法

# 说明 #

*  这个主要适用于：
    
     *  2T以内的新硬盘分区【含批量】
     *  同一批服务器【/dev/sdb这种名称相同】
     *  需批量服务器之间网络需要打通

# fdisk分区流程【下面的不能跳过】 #

这个分区略有难度，需要先熟悉fdisk的分区规则  
如果对fdisk分区不熟悉的，我博客中有fdisk分区的详细说明，可以去我博客中翻翻看熟悉一下过程。

## 每个区的大小计算 ##

*  首先根据自己的需求计算出fdisk的默认容量【必须先计算出这些值】。
 *  fdisk中的默认计量单位是：扇区，一个扇区＝`512 bytes`，这个解释起来可能难理解，这个也不需要了解她的原理，所以我不做解释【感兴趣的自己去科普一下】，我只是提一下512的存在，免得你疑惑后面公式中的512是啥数字。
 *  计算公式【以G为单位来进行转换】：`#Gx1024x1024x1024÷512`，如5G的扇区为：`5x1024x1024x1024÷512=10485760`
 *  比如，你现在有一块20G的硬盘，需要分6个区，分别是：  
    注：分成6个区，需要考虑扩展分区，最终是：3个主分区，剩下3个为扩展分区【默认最多只能建4个主分区】。
    
     *  1、3G
     *  2、4G
     *  3、5G
     *  4、2G
     *  5、2G
     *  6、剩下的全部容量  
        我做很多逻辑分区，只是为了证实每个逻辑分区的起始扇区都需要`+2049`
 *  根据上面需求中大小计算出其扇区大小，如下  
    注：新硬盘的扇区起始位置不是`1`，而是`2048`【固定的，任何新硬盘均一样】  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][20210610152601531.png]
    
     *  第一个分区【3G】【sdb1】：  
        起始扇区：`2048`【默认2048起】  
        容量扇区：`6289408`【3x1024x1024x1024/512-2048】
     *  第二个分区【4G】【sdb2】：  
        起始扇区：`6289409`【上一个容量扇区+1】  
        容量扇区：`14678017`【6289409+4x1024x1024x1024/512】
     *  第三个分区【5G】【sdb3】：  
        起始扇区：`14678018`  
        容量扇区：`25163778`
     *  分配剩下全部容量为扩展分区【逻辑分区】【sdb4】：  
        前面3个分区为主分区，直接用p即可，但剩下的分区必须放在逻辑分区里面【默认主分区只能有4个】，所以这需要把全部空间分配给扩展分区里面，便于后面可以创建逻辑分区；  
        起始扇区：`25163779`  
        容量扇区：`+`【默认全部】
     *  第四个分区【2G】【sdb5】：  
        注意，因为超过4个分区最后一个主分区必须做扩展分区，所以sdb4属于扩展分区名称被占用  
        起始扇区：`25165827`【上个分区结尾+2049，因为逻辑分区需占4k空间】  
        容量扇区：`29360131`
     *  第五个分区【剩余全部容量】【sdb6】  
        起始扇区：`29360132`【上个分区结尾+2049，因为逻辑分区需占4k空间】  
        容量扇区：`33554436`
     *  第六个分区【剩余全部容量】【sdb7】  
        起始扇区`33556485`【上个分区结尾+2049，因为逻辑分区需占4k空间】  
        容量扇区：`+`【默认剩下全部】

## 获取使用的命令参数 ##

### 获取方式 ###

*  上面全部容量计算出来以后，在其中一台主机上面用上面数据创建全部分区，并记下全部用到的命令【必须要知道中间用到的参数选项】
 *  全部命令如下

[root@controll ccx]# fdisk /dev/sdb
    Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).
    
    Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
    Be careful before using the write command.
    
    
    Command (m for help): n
    Partition type:
       p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
       e   extended
    Select (default p): p
    Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1
    First sector (2048-41943039, default 2048): 2048
    Last sector, +sectors or +size{ K,M,G} (2048-41943039, default 41943039): 6289408
    Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 3 GiB is set
    
    Command (m for help): n
    Partition type:
       p   primary (1 primary, 0 extended, 3 free)
       e   extended
    Select (default p): p
    Partition number (2-4, default 2): 2
    First sector (6289409-41943039, default 6291456): 6289409
    Last sector, +sectors or +size{ K,M,G} (6289409-41943039, default 41943039): 14678017
    Partition 2 of type Linux and of size 4 GiB is set
    
    Command (m for help): n
    Partition type:
       p   primary (2 primary, 0 extended, 2 free)
       e   extended
    Select (default p): p
    Partition number (3,4, default 3): 3
    First sector (14678018-41943039, default 14680064): 14678018
    Last sector, +sectors or +size{ K,M,G} (14678018-41943039, default 41943039): 25163778
    Partition 3 of type Linux and of size 5 GiB is set
    
    Command (m for help): n
    Partition type:
       p   primary (3 primary, 0 extended, 1 free)
       e   extended
    Select (default e): e
    Selected partition 4
    First sector (25163779-41943039, default 25165824): 25163779
    Last sector, +sectors or +size{ K,M,G} (25163779-41943039, default 41943039): +
    Using default value 41943039
    Partition 4 of type Extended and of size 8 GiB is set
    
    Command (m for help): n
    All primary partitions are in use
    Adding logical partition 5
    First sector (25165827-41943039, default 25167872): 25165827
    Last sector, +sectors or +size{ K,M,G} (25165827-41943039, default 41943039): 29360131
    Partition 5 of type Linux and of size 2 GiB is set
    
    Command (m for help): n
    All primary partitions are in use
    Adding logical partition 6
    First sector (29362180-41943039, default 29364224): 29362180
    Last sector, +sectors or +size{ K,M,G} (29362180-41943039, default 41943039): 33554436
    Partition 6 of type Linux and of size 2 GiB is set
    
    Command (m for help): n
    All primary partitions are in use
    Adding logical partition 7
    First sector (33556485-41943039, default 33558528): 33556485
    Last sector, +sectors or +size{ K,M,G} (33556485-41943039, default 41943039): +
    Using default value 41943039
    Partition 7 of type Linux and of size 4 GiB is set
    
    Command (m for help): p
    
    Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors
    Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
    Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    Disk label type: dos
    Disk identifier: 0x0ab2846a
    
       Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/sdb1            2048     6289408     3143680+  83  Linux
    /dev/sdb2         6289409    14678017     4194304+  83  Linux
    /dev/sdb3        14678018    25163778     5242880+  83  Linux
    /dev/sdb4        25163779    41943039     8389630+   5  Extended
    /dev/sdb5        25165827    29360131     2097152+  83  Linux
    /dev/sdb6        29362180    33554436     2096128+  83  Linux
    /dev/sdb7        33556485    41943039     4193277+  83  Linux
    
    Command (m for help): w
    The partition table has been altered!
    
    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
    Syncing disks.
    [root@controll ccx]#

### 值提取后如下 ###

下面值我就不做解释了，看不懂的去看一下我fdisk的文章  
注：这个里面不能有空白行，值中间不能漏，不能多，不能出错，扇区值最好复制上面命令中的值。

n
    p
    1
    2048
    6289408
    n
    p
    2
    6289409
    14678017
    n
    p
    3
    14678018
    25163778
    n
    e
    25163779
    +
    n
    25165827
    29360131
    n
    29362180
    33554436
    n
    33556485
    +
    p
    w

### 值提出来以后删除刚才创建的分区 ###

直接d回车即可默认按顺序删除【重复该步骤，直到分区被全部删除】

[root@controll ccx]# fdisk /dev/sdb
    Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).
    
    Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
    Be careful before using the write command.
    
    
    Command (m for help): p
    
    Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors
    Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
    Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    Disk label type: dos
    Disk identifier: 0x0ab2846a
    
       Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/sdb1            2048     6289408     3143680+  83  Linux
    /dev/sdb2         6289409    14678017     4194304+  83  Linux
    /dev/sdb3        14678018    25163778     5242880+  83  Linux
    /dev/sdb4        25163779    41943039     8389630+   5  Extended
    /dev/sdb5        25165827    29360131     2097152+  83  Linux
    /dev/sdb6        29362180    33554436     2096128+  83  Linux
    /dev/sdb7        33556485    41943039     4193277+  83  Linux
    
    Command (m for help): d
    Partition number (1-7, default 7): 
    Partition 7 is deleted
    
    Command (m for help): d
    Partition number (1-6, default 6): 
    Partition 6 is deleted
    
    Command (m for help): d
    Partition number (1-5, default 5): 
    Partition 5 is deleted
    
    Command (m for help): d
    Partition number (1-4, default 4): 
    Partition 4 is deleted
    
    Command (m for help): d
    Partition number (1-3, default 3): 
    Partition 3 is deleted
    
    Command (m for help): d
    Partition number (1,2, default 2): 
    Partition 2 is deleted
    
    Command (m for help): d
    Selected partition 1
    Partition 1 is deleted
    
    Command (m for help): 
    Command (m for help): p
    
    Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors
    Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
    Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    Disk label type: dos
    Disk identifier: 0x0ab2846a
    
       Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
    
    Command (m for help):

## 脚本测试分区是否正常 ##

### 脚本内容如下 ###

注：下面的/dev/sdb务必要根据实际情况更换盘符信息，这玩意是不可逆的，搞错盘符可能会导致现有/dev/sdb盘的数据丢失。

[root@controll ccx]# cat disk.sh
    #!/bin/bash
    # 下面的/dev/sdb更改为你硬盘的实际盘符
    fdisk /dev/sdb << EOF n p 1 2048 6289408 n p 2 6289409 14678017 n p 3 14678018 25163778 n e 25163779 + n 25165827 29360131 n 29362180 33554436 n 33556485 + p w EOF

### 执行结果 ###

成功，完美。

[root@controll ccx]# sh disk.sh
    Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).
    
    Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
    Be careful before using the write command.
    
    
    Command (m for help): Partition type:
       p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
       e   extended
    Select (default p): Partition number (1-4, default 1): First sector (2048-41943039, default 2048): Last sector, +sectors or +size{ K,M,G} (2048-41943039, default 41943039): Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 3 GiB is set
    
    Command (m for help): Partition type:
       p   primary (1 primary, 0 extended, 3 free)
       e   extended
    Select (default p): Partition number (2-4, default 2): First sector (6289409-41943039, default 6291456): Last sector, +sectors or +size{ K,M,G} (6289409-41943039, default 41943039): Partition 2 of type Linux and of size 4 GiB is set
    
    Command (m for help): Partition type:
       p   primary (2 primary, 0 extended, 2 free)
       e   extended
    Select (default p): Partition number (3,4, default 3): First sector (14678018-41943039, default 14680064): Last sector, +sectors or +size{ K,M,G} (14678018-41943039, default 41943039): Partition 3 of type Linux and of size 5 GiB is set
    
    Command (m for help): Partition type:
       p   primary (3 primary, 0 extended, 1 free)
       e   extended
    Select (default e): Selected partition 4
    First sector (25163779-41943039, default 25165824): Last sector, +sectors or +size{ K,M,G} (25163779-41943039, default 41943039): Using default value 41943039
    Partition 4 of type Extended and of size 8 GiB is set
    
    Command (m for help): All primary partitions are in use
    Adding logical partition 5
    First sector (25165827-41943039, default 25167872): Last sector, +sectors or +size{ K,M,G} (25165827-41943039, default 41943039): Partition 5 of type Linux and of size 2 GiB is set
    
    Command (m for help): All primary partitions are in use
    Adding logical partition 6
    First sector (29362180-41943039, default 29364224): Last sector, +sectors or +size{ K,M,G} (29362180-41943039, default 41943039): Partition 6 of type Linux and of size 2 GiB is set
    
    Command (m for help): All primary partitions are in use
    Adding logical partition 7
    First sector (33556485-41943039, default 33558528): Last sector, +sectors or +size{ K,M,G} (33556485-41943039, default 41943039): Using default value 41943039
    Partition 7 of type Linux and of size 4 GiB is set
    
    Command (m for help): 
    Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors
    Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
    Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    Disk label type: dos
    Disk identifier: 0x0ab2846a
    
       Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/sdb1            2048     6289408     3143680+  83  Linux
    /dev/sdb2         6289409    14678017     4194304+  83  Linux
    /dev/sdb3        14678018    25163778     5242880+  83  Linux
    /dev/sdb4        25163779    41943039     8389630+   5  Extended
    /dev/sdb5        25165827    29360131     2097152+  83  Linux
    /dev/sdb6        29362180    33554436     2096128+  83  Linux
    /dev/sdb7        33556485    41943039     4193277+  83  Linux
    
    Command (m for help): The partition table has been altered!
    
    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
    Syncing disks.
    [root@controll ccx]# partprobe 
    Warning: Unable to open /dev/sr0 read-write (Read-only file system).  /dev/sr0 has been opened read-only.
    [root@controll ccx]# lsblk
    NAME            MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
    sda               8:0    0   200G  0 disk 
    ├─sda1            8:1    0     1G  0 part /boot
    └─sda2            8:2    0   199G  0 part 
      ├─centos-root 253:0    0    50G  0 lvm  /
      ├─centos-swap 253:1    0  15.8G  0 lvm  [SWAP]
      └─centos-home 253:2    0 133.2G  0 lvm  /home
    sdb               8:16   0    20G  0 disk 
    ├─sdb1            8:17   0     3G  0 part 
    ├─sdb2            8:18   0     4G  0 part 
    ├─sdb3            8:19   0     5G  0 part 
    ├─sdb4            8:20   0     1K  0 part 
    ├─sdb5            8:21   0     2G  0 part 
    ├─sdb6            8:22   0     2G  0 part 
    └─sdb7            8:23   0     4G  0 part 
    sr0              11:0    1   4.3G  0 rom  
    [root@controll ccx]#

## 脚本中功能增加 ##

*  上面脚本仅仅是进行分区，需要加啥功能自己加在最后面即可，如我这新增分区的格式改为lvm，则我需要在脚本最后面加上这些代码即可【任何功能都应在分完区以后添加】  
    注：修改的时候扩展分区不能改格式的，应跳过【如我是第4个做的逻辑分区，则sdb4【4】不能改格式，应跳过】

### 增加功能后的代码如下 ###

[root@controll ccx]# cat disk.sh
    #!/bin/bash
    
    fdisk /dev/sdb << EOF n p 1 2048 6289408 n p 2 6289409 14678017 n p 3 14678018 25163778 n e 25163779 + n 25165827 29360131 n 29362180 33554436 n 33556485 + p t 1 8e t 2 8e t 3 8e t 5 8e t 6 8e t 7 8e p w EOF
    [root@controll ccx]#

### 执行结果 ###

如果之前执行过，应先去删除已经创建的分区再执行。

[root@controll ccx]# sh disk.sh
    Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).
    
    Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
    Be careful before using the write command.
    
    
    Command (m for help): Partition type:
       p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
       e   extended
    Select (default p): Partition number (1-4, default 1): First sector (2048-41943039, default 2048): Last sector, +sectors or +size{ K,M,G} (2048-41943039, default 41943039): Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 3 GiB is set
    
    Command (m for help): Partition type:
       p   primary (1 primary, 0 extended, 3 free)
       e   extended
    Select (default p): Partition number (2-4, default 2): First sector (6289409-41943039, default 6291456): Last sector, +sectors or +size{ K,M,G} (6289409-41943039, default 41943039): Partition 2 of type Linux and of size 4 GiB is set
    
    Command (m for help): Partition type:
       p   primary (2 primary, 0 extended, 2 free)
       e   extended
    Select (default p): Partition number (3,4, default 3): First sector (14678018-41943039, default 14680064): Last sector, +sectors or +size{ K,M,G} (14678018-41943039, default 41943039): Partition 3 of type Linux and of size 5 GiB is set
    
    Command (m for help): Partition type:
       p   primary (3 primary, 0 extended, 1 free)
       e   extended
    Select (default e): Selected partition 4
    First sector (25163779-41943039, default 25165824): Last sector, +sectors or +size{ K,M,G} (25163779-41943039, default 41943039): Using default value 41943039
    Partition 4 of type Extended and of size 8 GiB is set
    
    Command (m for help): All primary partitions are in use
    Adding logical partition 5
    First sector (25165827-41943039, default 25167872): Last sector, +sectors or +size{ K,M,G} (25165827-41943039, default 41943039): Partition 5 of type Linux and of size 2 GiB is set
    
    Command (m for help): All primary partitions are in use
    Adding logical partition 6
    First sector (29362180-41943039, default 29364224): Last sector, +sectors or +size{ K,M,G} (29362180-41943039, default 41943039): Partition 6 of type Linux and of size 2 GiB is set
    
    Command (m for help): All primary partitions are in use
    Adding logical partition 7
    First sector (33556485-41943039, default 33558528): Last sector, +sectors or +size{ K,M,G} (33556485-41943039, default 41943039): Using default value 41943039
    Partition 7 of type Linux and of size 4 GiB is set
    
    Command (m for help): 
    Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors
    Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
    Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    Disk label type: dos
    Disk identifier: 0x0ab2846a
    
       Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/sdb1            2048     6289408     3143680+  83  Linux
    /dev/sdb2         6289409    14678017     4194304+  83  Linux
    /dev/sdb3        14678018    25163778     5242880+  83  Linux
    /dev/sdb4        25163779    41943039     8389630+   5  Extended
    /dev/sdb5        25165827    29360131     2097152+  83  Linux
    /dev/sdb6        29362180    33554436     2096128+  83  Linux
    /dev/sdb7        33556485    41943039     4193277+  83  Linux
    
    Command (m for help): Partition number (1-7, default 7): Hex code (type L to list all codes): Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'
    
    Command (m for help): Partition number (1-7, default 7): Hex code (type L to list all codes): Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'
    
    Command (m for help): Partition number (1-7, default 7): Hex code (type L to list all codes): Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'
    
    Command (m for help): Partition number (1-7, default 7): Hex code (type L to list all codes): 
    You cannot change a partition into an extended one or vice versa.
    Delete it first.
    
    Type of partition 4 is unchanged: Extended
    
    Command (m for help): Partition number (1-7, default 7): Hex code (type L to list all codes): Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'
    
    Command (m for help): Partition number (1-7, default 7): Hex code (type L to list all codes): Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'
    
    Command (m for help): Partition number (1-7, default 7): Hex code (type L to list all codes): Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'
    
    Command (m for help): 
    Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors
    Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
    Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    Disk label type: dos
    Disk identifier: 0x0ab2846a
    
       Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/sdb1            2048     6289408     3143680+  8e  Linux LVM
    /dev/sdb2         6289409    14678017     4194304+  8e  Linux LVM
    /dev/sdb3        14678018    25163778     5242880+  8e  Linux LVM
    /dev/sdb4        25163779    41943039     8389630+   5  Extended
    /dev/sdb5        25165827    29360131     2097152+  8e  Linux LVM
    /dev/sdb6        29362180    33554436     2096128+  8e  Linux LVM
    /dev/sdb7        33556485    41943039     4193277+  8e  Linux LVM
    
    Command (m for help): The partition table has been altered!
    
    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
    Syncing disks.
    [root@controll ccx]#

### 功能修改后的效果展示 ###

功能修改后的效果就是下图这样的【如果要划lv，这格式必须改为这个】  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2N1aWNob25neGlu_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]

# fdisk遍历批量分区 #

## 遍历前提条件 ##

*  4个条件
    
     *  必须是同一批服务器【或确保网络互通即可】
     *  /dev/sdb这种名称必须相同
     *  硬盘大小必须一致
     *  必须是新硬盘
 *  如果上述不确定的，先跑个批量脚本查看每台主机的该硬盘的大小和是否为新硬盘。
 *  脚本执行后，该操作是不可逆的，务必要确定上面信息。
 *  如，跑的脚本是/dev/sdb，如果某台服务器上的/dev/sdb是正在使用中的硬盘，可能会导致该服务器上的/dev/sdb中的硬盘丢失

## 遍历脚本代码 ##

### 说明 ###

*  下面功能代码和遍历执行代码均放一个服务器上的同一目录中，分2个文件存放。
 *  可以先手动执行功能代码，没报错以后，再执行遍历执行代码。

### 功能代码 ###

*  这里面放的是分区的代码【代码最后面其实还可以放做lv的代码】【做lv流程是纯代码，过于简单，这就不做演示了】
 *  注：如果想看分区过程，将下面代码中的`fdisk $diskname << EOF>/dev/null`改为：`fdisk $diskname << EOF`

[root@controll ccx]# pwd
    /ccx
    [root@controll ccx]# cat disk.sh 
    #!/bin/bash
    diskname=/dev/sdb
    fdisk $diskname << EOF > /dev/null n p 1 2048 6289408 n p 2 6289409 14678017 n p 3 14678018 25163778 n e 25163779 + n 25165827 29360131 n 29362180 33554436 n 33556485 + p t 1 8e t 2 8e t 3 8e t 4 8e t 5 8e t 6 8e t 7 8e p w EOF
    partprobe
    lsblk|grep sdb
    [root@controll ccx]#

### 遍历执行代码 ###

*  这批服务器是没有免密登陆的，所以ip存放文件中的格式为：`ip 密码`
 *  这个执行流程如下：
    
     *  登陆
     *  scp拷贝功能脚本到当前服务器
     *  查看是否拷贝成功
     *  执行功能代码
     *  删除功能代码文件
     *  退出登陆

[root@controll ccx]# cat disk_send.sh 
    #/bin/bash
    
    file=/ccx/iplist.txt
    cat $file | while read ip ; do
    ippaswd=($ip)
    /usr/bin/expect<<EOF spawn ssh root@${ippaswd[0]} expect { "*yes/no" { send "yes\r"; exp_continue} "*assword:" { send "${ippaswd[1]}\r" } } expect "#" # 下面为功能代码存放ip和路径 send "scp 192.168.59.133:/ccx/disk.sh /root\r" expect { "*yes/no" { send "yes\r"; exp_continue} "*assword:" { send "${ippaswd[1]}\r" } } expect "#" send "ls /root | grep disk\r" send "sh /root/disk.sh\r" send "rm -rf /root/disk.sh\r" send "exit\r" expect eof EOF
    done
    [root@controll ccx]# 
    [root@controll ccx]# cat iplist.txt 
    192.168.59.128 root
    192.168.59.129 root
    192.168.59.130 root
    [root@controll ccx]#

## 脚本执行 ##

*  注意看执行结果是否所有sdb都创建成功【如果创建失败的看下发创建失败处理过程】
 *  执行的是遍历执行代码  
    执行方式：`sh disk_send.sh`

[root@controll ccx]# sh disk_send.sh 
    spawn ssh root@192.168.59.128
    root@192.168.59.128's password: Last login: Thu Jun 10 20:51:38 2021 from 192.168.59.133 [root@centso76_1 ~]# scp 192.168.59.133:/ccx/disk.sh /root The authenticity of host '192.168.59.133 (192.168.59.133)' can't be established.
    ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:ulUqmZhBWg273m620MpAzoq6iPZEDU2ULoPjfiXTGDc.
    ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:ca:60:fa:17:0c:09:5d:4b:39:c5:95:7d:20:54:c5:49.
    Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
    Warning: Permanently added '192.168.59.133' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
    Password: 
    disk.sh                                                                                                                                                                                                 100%  281   265.0KB/s   00:00    
    [root@centso76_1 ~]# ls /root | grep disk
    disk.sh
    [root@centso76_1 ~]# sh /root/disk.sh
    sdb               8:16   0   20G  0 disk 
    ├─sdb1            8:17   0    3G  0 part 
    ├─sdb2            8:18   0    4G  0 part 
    ├─sdb3            8:19   0    5G  0 part 
    ├─sdb4            8:20   0    1K  0 part 
    ├─sdb5            8:21   0    2G  0 part 
    ├─sdb6            8:22   0    2G  0 part 
    └─sdb7            8:23   0    4G  0 part 
    [root@centso76_1 ~]# rm -rf /root/disk.sh
    [root@centso76_1 ~]# exit
    登出
    Connection to 192.168.59.128 closed.
    spawn ssh root@192.168.59.129
    root@192.168.59.129's password: Last login: Thu Jun 10 08:56:58 2021 from 192.168.59.133 [root@centos76_2 ~]# scp 192.168.59.133:/ccx/disk.sh /root The authenticity of host '192.168.59.133 (192.168.59.133)' can't be established.
    ED25519 key fingerprint is SHA256:0uTcB4pn/p0X72gZrtG4b7MrgLJJL9Q8Gr1TrDNFThA.
    This key is not known by any other names
    Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no/[fingerprint])? yes
    Warning: Permanently added '192.168.59.133' (ED25519) to the list of known hosts.
    (root@192.168.59.133) Password: 
    disk.sh                                                                                                                                                                                                 100%  281   226.4KB/s   00:00    
    [root@centos76_2 ~]# ls /root | grep disk
    disk.sh
    [root@centos76_2 ~]# sh /root/disk.sh
    sdb               8:16   0   20G  0 disk 
    ├─sdb1            8:17   0    3G  0 part 
    ├─sdb2            8:18   0    4G  0 part 
    ├─sdb3            8:19   0    5G  0 part 
    ├─sdb4            8:20   0    1K  0 part 
    ├─sdb5            8:21   0    2G  0 part 
    ├─sdb6            8:22   0    2G  0 part 
    └─sdb7            8:23   0    4G  0 part 
    [root@centos76_2 ~]# rm -rf /root/disk.sh
    [root@centos76_2 ~]# exit
    logout
    Connection to 192.168.59.129 closed.
    spawn ssh root@192.168.59.130
    (root@192.168.59.130) Password: 
    Last login: Thu Jun 10 20:52:08 2021 from 192.168.59.133
    [root@centos76_3 ~]# scp 192.168.59.133:/ccx/disk.sh /root
    The authenticity of host '192.168.59.133 (192.168.59.133)' can't be established. ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:ulUqmZhBWg273m620MpAzoq6iPZEDU2ULoPjfiXTGDc. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no/[fingerprint])? yes Warning: Permanently added '192.168.59.133' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
    Password: 
    disk.sh                                                                                                                                                                                                 100%  281   181.3KB/s   00:00    
    [root@centos76_3 ~]# ls /root | grep disk
    disk.sh
    [root@centos76_3 ~]# sh /root/disk.sh
    Do you really want to quit? sdb               8:16   0   20G  0 disk 
    ├─sdb1            8:17   0    3G  0 part 
    ├─sdb2            8:18   0    4G  0 part 
    ├─sdb3            8:19   0    5G  0 part 
    ├─sdb4            8:20   0    1K  0 part 
    └─sdb5            8:21   0    2G  0 part 
    [root@centos76_3 ~]# rm -rf /root/disk.sh
    [root@centos76_3 ~]# exit
    logout
    Connection to 192.168.59.130 closed.
    [root@controll ccx]#

#### 批量中某一台创建失败处理方法 ####

*  注：我把执行过程给放到/dev/null里面了，仅展示了sdb的结果，否则执行过程中内容会非常长，所以就需要看结果是否均正常就可以了，就如上面的最后一台主机名是centos76\_3的虚机，结果就不对劲，sdb6和sdb7没有创建成功；
 *  处理方法
    
     *  登陆到该主机
     *  手动删除已经分区的内容
     *  拷贝上面的“功能代码“过来
     *  将`fdisk $diskname << EOF>/dev/null`改为：`fdisk $diskname << EOF` 【为了看过程】
     *  手动执行该脚本
 *  删除已分区的内容

[root@centos76_3 ccx]# fdisk /dev/sdb #删除已经配置完成的
    Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).
    
    Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
    Be careful before using the write command.
    
    Command (m for help): d
    Partition number (1-5, default 5): 
    Partition 5 is deleted
    
    Command (m for help): d
    Partition number (1-4, default 4): 
    Partition 4 is deleted
    
    Command (m for help): d
    Partition number (1-3, default 3): 
    Partition 3 is deleted
    
    Command (m for help): d
    Partition number (1,2, default 2): 
    Partition 2 is deleted
    
    Command (m for help): d
    Selected partition 1
    Partition 1 is deleted
    
    Command (m for help): 
    Command (m for help): w
    The partition table has been altered!
    
    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
    Syncing disks.
    [root@centos76_3 ccx]#

*  拷贝功能代码，修改内容并手动执行  
    结果没有问题，可能是因为我讲过程输出到`/dev/null`中导致最后一台执行过程出错了吧。

[root@centos76_3 ccx]# scp 192.168.59.133:/ccx/disk.sh /ccx
    Password: 
    disk.sh                             100%  281   271.8KB/s   00:00
    [root@centos76_3 ccx]# cat disk.sh | grep fdisk
    fdisk $diskname << EOF
    [root@centos76_3 ccx]# 
    [root@centos76_3 ccx]# sh disk.sh 
    Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).
    
    Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
    Be careful before using the write command.
    
    
    Command (m for help): Partition type:
       p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
       e   extended
    Select (default p): Partition number (1-4, default 1): First sector (2048-41943039, default 2048): Last sector, +sectors or +size{ K,M,G} (2048-41943039, default 41943039): Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 3 GiB is set
    
    Command (m for help): Partition type:
       p   primary (1 primary, 0 extended, 3 free)
       e   extended
    Select (default p): Partition number (2-4, default 2): First sector (6289409-41943039, default 6291456): Last sector, +sectors or +size{ K,M,G} (6289409-41943039, default 41943039): Partition 2 of type Linux and of size 4 GiB is set
    
    Command (m for help): Partition type:
       p   primary (2 primary, 0 extended, 2 free)
       e   extended
    Select (default p): Partition number (3,4, default 3): First sector (14678018-41943039, default 14680064): Last sector, +sectors or +size{ K,M,G} (14678018-41943039, default 41943039): Partition 3 of type Linux and of size 5 GiB is set
    
    Command (m for help): Partition type:
       p   primary (3 primary, 0 extended, 1 free)
       e   extended
    Select (default e): Selected partition 4
    First sector (25163779-41943039, default 25165824): Last sector, +sectors or +size{ K,M,G} (25163779-41943039, default 41943039): Using default value 41943039
    Partition 4 of type Extended and of size 8 GiB is set
    
    Command (m for help): All primary partitions are in use
    Adding logical partition 5
    First sector (25165827-41943039, default 25167872): Last sector, +sectors or +size{ K,M,G} (25165827-41943039, default 41943039): Partition 5 of type Linux and of size 2 GiB is set
    
    Command (m for help): All primary partitions are in use
    Adding logical partition 6
    First sector (29362180-41943039, default 29364224): Last sector, +sectors or +size{ K,M,G} (29362180-41943039, default 41943039): Partition 6 of type Linux and of size 2 GiB is set
    
    Command (m for help): All primary partitions are in use
    Adding logical partition 7
    First sector (33556485-41943039, default 33558528): Last sector, +sectors or +size{ K,M,G} (33556485-41943039, default 41943039): Using default value 41943039
    Partition 7 of type Linux and of size 4 GiB is set
    
    Command (m for help): 
    Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors
    Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
    Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    Disk label type: dos
    Disk identifier: 0x09cb3aa0
    
       Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/sdb1            2048     6289408     3143680+  83  Linux
    /dev/sdb2         6289409    14678017     4194304+  83  Linux
    /dev/sdb3        14678018    25163778     5242880+  83  Linux
    /dev/sdb4        25163779    41943039     8389630+   5  Extended
    /dev/sdb5        25165827    29360131     2097152+  83  Linux
    /dev/sdb6        29362180    33554436     2096128+  83  Linux
    /dev/sdb7        33556485    41943039     4193277+  83  Linux
    
    Command (m for help): Partition number (1-7, default 7): Hex code (type L to list all codes): Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'
    
    Command (m for help): Partition number (1-7, default 7): Hex code (type L to list all codes): Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'
    
    Command (m for help): Partition number (1-7, default 7): Hex code (type L to list all codes): Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'
    
    Command (m for help): Partition number (1-7, default 7): Hex code (type L to list all codes): 
    You cannot change a partition into an extended one or vice versa.
    Delete it first.
    
    Type of partition 4 is unchanged: Extended
    
    Command (m for help): Partition number (1-7, default 7): Hex code (type L to list all codes): Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'
    
    Command (m for help): Partition number (1-7, default 7): Hex code (type L to list all codes): Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'
    
    Command (m for help): Partition number (1-7, default 7): Hex code (type L to list all codes): Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'
    
    Command (m for help): 
    Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors
    Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
    Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    Disk label type: dos
    Disk identifier: 0x09cb3aa0
    
       Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/sdb1            2048     6289408     3143680+  8e  Linux LVM
    /dev/sdb2         6289409    14678017     4194304+  8e  Linux LVM
    /dev/sdb3        14678018    25163778     5242880+  8e  Linux LVM
    /dev/sdb4        25163779    41943039     8389630+   5  Extended
    /dev/sdb5        25165827    29360131     2097152+  8e  Linux LVM
    /dev/sdb6        29362180    33554436     2096128+  8e  Linux LVM
    /dev/sdb7        33556485    41943039     4193277+  8e  Linux LVM
    
    Command (m for help): The partition table has been altered!
    
    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
    Syncing disks.
    sdb               8:16   0   20G  0 disk 
    ├─sdb1            8:17   0    3G  0 part 
    ├─sdb2            8:18   0    4G  0 part 
    ├─sdb3            8:19   0    5G  0 part 
    ├─sdb4            8:20   0    1K  0 part 
    ├─sdb5            8:21   0    2G  0 part 
    ├─sdb6            8:22   0    2G  0 part 
    └─sdb7            8:23   0    4G  0 part 
    [root@centos76_3 ccx]#

[20210610152601531.png]: /images/20221005/4cbfbb1cf71842b2b189cdfd76354055.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2N1aWNob25neGlu_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20221005/004b2033487e44008d92fa7bb30bcfe8.png