（五）SpringCloud代码实战之zuul网关

短命女 2022-10-05 08:59 158阅读 0赞

> 本文任务：  
> 1、搭建zuul网关  
> 2、nginx+zuul，可以实现网关集群

本文是在前文搭建的项目基础上构建的：  
[（一）springcloud实战代码之eureka注册中心][springcloud_eureka]  
[（二）springcloud实战之config配置中心][springcloud_config]  
[（三）SpringCloud实战之openfeign服务调用][SpringCloud_openfeign]  
[（四）SpringCloud代码实战之hystrix熔断器][SpringCloud_hystrix]

**本文新建项目结构：**  
模块`zuulServer-8060`，启动类`ZuulApplication`，配置文件`application.yml`,过滤器类`MyZuulFilter`（继承ZuulFilter类）  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1RBYXJvbjY2Ng_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]

## 一、搭建zuul网关 ##

### 1.1、引入依赖 ###

zuul网关依赖`spring-cloud-starter-netflix-zuul`,

<dependency>
          <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
          <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-zuul</artifactId>
      </dependency>

因为在父工程中声明了spring-cloud-dependencies（Hoxton.SR11）所以这里zuul的依赖不用写版本  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1RBYXJvbjY2Ng_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]  
其他依赖：  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1RBYXJvbjY2Ng_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]

### 1.2、启动类 ###

启动类上面加注解`@EnableZuulProxy`  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1RBYXJvbjY2Ng_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]

### 1.3、zuul过滤器 ###

新建过滤器类：`MyZuulFilter`，继承`ZuulFilter`，重写ZuulFilter的四个方法.。  
参考：[Zuul入门实战(完整版)][Zuul]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1RBYXJvbjY2Ng_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]  
`MyZuulFilter.class`:

package com.tzq.zuul.filter;
    
    import com.netflix.zuul.ZuulFilter;
    import com.netflix.zuul.context.RequestContext;
    import com.netflix.zuul.exception.ZuulException;
    import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.zuul.filters.support.FilterConstants;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
    
    /** * @Author tangzhiqian * @CreateTime 2021/6/7 14:48 */
    
    @Component
    public class MyZuulFilter extends ZuulFilter { 
        @Override
        public String filterType() { 
            return FilterConstants.PRE_TYPE;
        }
    
        @Override
        public int filterOrder() { 
            return 0;
        }
    
        @Override
        public boolean shouldFilter() { 
            return true;
        }
    
        @Override
        public Object run() throws ZuulException { 
    
            RequestContext context = RequestContext.getCurrentContext();
            HttpServletRequest request = context.getRequest();
    
            System.out.println("执行了我的pre类型的zuul过滤器！！！");
            System.out.println("request.getMethod() = " + request.getMethod());
            System.out.println("request.getRequestURL() = " + request.getRequestURL());
            System.out.println("request.getRequestURI() = " + request.getRequestURI());
            System.out.println("request.getContextPath() = " + request.getContextPath());
            System.out.println("request.getCookies() = " + request.getCookies());
            return null;
        }
    }

### 1.4、配置文件 ###

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1RBYXJvbjY2Ng_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]  
到这里，zuul网关已经搭建完成！  
启动：注册中心，配置中心，stundent-service，zuulServer  
打开浏览器：访问http://localhost:8060/mypath/student/selectAll  
（zuulServer在8060端口跑）  
转发成功：  
![在这里插入图片描述][20210608113638457.png]  
与此同时，控制台输出：  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1RBYXJvbjY2Ng_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6]  
说明过滤器也生效了！

## 二、nginx+zuul ##

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1RBYXJvbjY2Ng_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7]

### 2.1、安装nginx（此处是window版） ###

下载地址：[http://nginx.org/en/download.html ][http_nginx.org_en_download.html]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1RBYXJvbjY2Ng_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8]  
**解压后，一定要用cmd启动nginx！！！！！**  
![在这里插入图片描述][20210608114104967.png]

启动是没有任何反应的，打开浏览器：http://localhost:80  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1RBYXJvbjY2Ng_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9]  
说明安装成功。

### 2.2、配置nginx ###

在刚刚解压的nginx文件夹中：conf文件夹—>nginx.conf文件  
其中weight表示权重，谁的权重大访问到的几率就大（多个服务权重可相同）  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1RBYXJvbjY2Ng_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 10]  
nginx.conf文件：

#user  nobody;
    worker_processes  1;
    
    #error_log  logs/error.log;
    #error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
    #error_log  logs/error.log  info;
    
    #pid        logs/nginx.pid;
    
    
    events {
        worker_connections  1024;
    }
    
    
    http {
        include       mime.types;
        default_type  application/octet-stream;
    
        #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
        #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
        #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
    
        #access_log  logs/access.log  main;
    
        sendfile        on;
        #tcp_nopush     on;
    
        #keepalive_timeout  0;
        keepalive_timeout  65;
    
        #gzip  on;
    
        server {
            listen       80;
            server_name  localhost;
    
            #charset koi8-r;
    
            #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;
    
            location / {
                root   html;
                index  index.html index.htm;
            }
    
            #error_page  404              /404.html;
    
            # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
            #
            error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
            location = /50x.html {
                root   html;
            }
    
            # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
            #
            #location ~ \.php$ {
            #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
            #}
    
            # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
            #
            #location ~ \.php$ {
            #    root           html;
            #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
            #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
            #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
            #    include        fastcgi_params;
            #}
    
            # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
            # concurs with nginx's one
            #
            #location ~ /\.ht {
            #    deny  all;
            #}
        }
    
    
        # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
        #
        #server {
        #    listen       8000;
        #    listen       somename:8080;
        #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;
    
        #    location / {
        #        root   html;
        #        index  index.html index.htm;
        #    }
        #}
    
    
        # HTTPS server
        #
        #server {
        #    listen       443 ssl;
        #    server_name  localhost;
    
        #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
        #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;
    
        #    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
        #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;
    
        #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
        #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;
    
        #    location / {
        #        root   html;
        #        index  index.html index.htm;
        #    }
        #}
    	
    	
        #配置上游服务器网关端口集群
        upstream  zuulServer{
            server 127.0.0.1:8060 weight=1;
        }
     
        server {
            listen       80;
            server_name  www.tzq.com;
     
            location / {
               ### 指定上游服务器负载均衡服务器
                proxy_pass http://zuulServer/; 
    			 index  index.html index.htm;
            }
     
            error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
            location = /50x.html {
                root   html;
            }
        }
     
    
    }

配置完，重新加载一下nginx：  
nginx -s reload  
![在这里插入图片描述][20210608114647776.png]

### 2.3、运行 ###

http://www.tzq.com/mypath/student/selectAll  
![在这里插入图片描述][2021060811483929.png]  
成功！！！

[springcloud_eureka]: https://blog.csdn.net/TAaron666/article/details/117252556
[springcloud_config]: https://blog.csdn.net/TAaron666/article/details/117288815
[SpringCloud_openfeign]: https://blog.csdn.net/TAaron666/article/details/117295608
[SpringCloud_hystrix]: https://blog.csdn.net/TAaron666/article/details/117326864
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[Zuul]: https://blog.csdn.net/qq_44112474/article/details/109094775?ops_request_misc=%257B%2522request%255Fid%2522%253A%2522162312154616780366546886%2522%252C%2522scm%2522%253A%252220140713.130102334..%2522%257D&request_id=162312154616780366546886&biz_id=0&utm_medium=distribute.pc_search_result.none-task-blog-2~all~top_click~default-3-109094775.first_rank_v2_pc_rank_v29&utm_term=zuul&spm=1018.2226.3001.4187
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[20210608113638457.png]: /images/20221005/fb556cc63c164aa28793a883a219b967.png
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[http_nginx.org_en_download.html]: http://nginx.org/en/download.html
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1RBYXJvbjY2Ng_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8]: /images/20221005/1f9ad37b044f49159ca66c8a9817b685.png
[20210608114104967.png]: /images/20221005/3105480e89004cdfb4ed4cf82c00b805.png
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[20210608114647776.png]: /images/20221005/24ff9687b86c4b48bb28e25fc75a8f9b.png
[2021060811483929.png]: /images/20221005/ef115405b8c641828917ba176be6c535.png