Ubuntu Server 开发环境配置

今天药忘吃喽~ 2022-10-05 01:49 161阅读 0赞

# Ubuntu Server 开发环境配置 #

## 编译软件 ##

sudo apt install -y  make cmake gcc build-essential

## 常用软件 ##

sudo apt install git curl wget zsh vim unzip -y

## Oh My Zsh ##

git clone https://hub.fastgit.org/ohmyzsh/ohmyzsh.git ~/.oh-my-zsh
    cp ~/.oh-my-zsh/templates/zshrc.zsh-template ~/.zshrc
    chsh -s /bin/zsh

## Nginx ##

[Nginx 官网文档][Nginx]

sudo apt install -y curl gnupg2 ca-certificates lsb-release

添加最新稳定版源

echo "deb http://nginx.org/packages/ubuntu `lsb_release -cs` nginx" \
        | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/nginx.list

下载签名密钥

curl -o /tmp/nginx_signing.key https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key

验证密钥是否和官网一致

gpg --dry-run --quiet --import --import-options show-only /tmp/nginx_signing.key

官网密钥

pub   rsa2048 2011-08-19 [SC] [expires: 2024-06-14]
          573BFD6B3D8FBC641079A6ABABF5BD827BD9BF62
    uid                      nginx signing key <signing-key@nginx.com>

添加密钥

sudo mv /tmp/nginx_signing.key /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/nginx_signing.asc

更新 apt 仓库， 并下载 Nginx

sudo apt update
    sudo apt install -y nginx

## Node ##

[Nvm GitHub][] 是 Node.js 多版本管理工具

`raw.githubusercontent.com` 国内可能无法访问， 所以使用加速地址

git clone https://hub.fastgit.org/nvm-sh/nvm.git ~/.nvm

配置环境便， 编辑 `vim ~/.zshrc` ， 添加一下内容

export NVM_DIR="$HOME/.nvm"
    [ -s "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh" ] && \. "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh"  # This loads nvm
    [ -s "$NVM_DIR/bash_completion" ] && \. "$NVM_DIR/bash_completion"  # This loads nvm bash_completion

常用的命令：

*  `nvm install --lts` 安装最新 Node.js
 *  `nvm install 12` 安装指定版本 Node.js
 *  `nvm alias default 8.1.0` 设置指定版本的 Node.js 为默认版本

## PHP ##

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ondrej/php
    sudo apt-get update

PHP 7.4

sudo apt install php7.4-fpm php7.4-cli php7.4-mbstring php7.4-zip php7.4-mysql php7.4-xml php7.4-gd php7.4-bcmath php7.4-dev

Composer

php -r "copy('https://install.phpcomposer.com/installer', 'composer-setup.php');"
    php composer-setup.php
    php -r "unlink('composer-setup.php');"
    sudo mv composer.phar /usr/local/bin/composer

Composer 国内镜像 全局配置

composer config -g repo.packagist composer https://mirrors.aliyun.com/composer/

取消全局配置

composer config -g --unset repos.packagist

Composer 国内镜像 当前项目配置

composer config repo.packagist composer https://mirrors.aliyun.com/composer/

## MySQL ##

安装指定版本的 MySQL, 源码编译过程耗时太长， 直接下载 二进制文件

下载地址： [https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/][https_downloads.mysql.com_archives_community]

下载 `DEB Bundle` ， 解压之后得到一组 `.deb` 文件

依赖

sudo apt install -y libaio1 libmecab2

正确安装顺序

sudo dpkg -i mysql-community-client-plugins_8.0.23-1ubuntu20.04_amd64.deb 
    sudo dpkg -i mysql-community-client-core_8.0.23-1ubuntu20.04_amd64.deb 
    sudo dpkg -i mysql-common_8.0.23-1ubuntu20.04_amd64.deb
    sudo dpkg -i mysql-community-client_8.0.23-1ubuntu20.04_amd64.deb
    sudo dpkg -i mysql-community-server-core_8.0.23-1ubuntu20.04_amd64.deb 
    sudo dpkg -i mysql-client_8.0.23-1ubuntu20.04_amd64.deb
    sudo dpkg -i libmysqlclient21_8.0.23-1ubuntu20.04_amd64.deb
    sudo dpkg -i mysql-community-server_8.0.23-1ubuntu20.04_amd64.deb

创建用户， 方便远程登录

create user 'demodeom'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '111111';
    grant all privileges on *.* to 'demodeom'@'%' with grant option;

## Python ##

[Pyenv GitHub][] 是 Python 多版本管理工具，Pyenv 通过编译的方式安装 Python

[依赖介绍地址][Link 1]

安装依赖

sudo apt-get update; sudo apt-get install make build-essential libssl-dev zlib1g-dev \
    libbz2-dev libreadline-dev libsqlite3-dev wget curl llvm \
    libncursesw5-dev xz-utils tk-dev libxml2-dev libxmlsec1-dev libffi-dev liblzma-dev

安装 Pyenv

git clone https://hub.fastgit.org/pyenv/pyenv.git ~/.pyenv

配置环境变量

export PYENV_ROOT="$HOME/.pyenv"
    export PATH="$PYENV_ROOT/bin:$PATH"
    eval "$(pyenv init --path)"

常用命令:

*  安装指定版本 `pyenv install 3.9.5`
 *  设置全局默认版本 `pyenv global 3.9.5`

注: 安装过程分为 下载源码 和 编译，如果源码下载速度过慢， 使用第三方下载工具，下载之后， 存放到 `~/.pyenv/cache` 目录即可， 如果目录不存在， 手动创建即可

源码下载地址 `https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.9.5/Python-3.9.5.tar.xz` , 其他版本修改版本号即可

安装 PIP

curl https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py -o get-pip.py
    python get-pip.py

## Java ##

[JDK 下载地址][JDK]

JDK 环境变量配置

export JAVA_HOME=/opt/jdk11
    export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar
    export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH

[Nginx]: http://nginx.org/en/linux_packages.html#Ubuntu
[Nvm GitHub]: https://github.com/nvm-sh/nvm
[https_downloads.mysql.com_archives_community]: https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/
[Pyenv GitHub]: https://github.com/pyenv/pyenv
[Link 1]: https://github.com/pyenv/pyenv/wiki#suggested-build-environment
[JDK]: https://www.oracle.com/in/java/technologies/javase-downloads.html