Oracle 从10.2.0.1升级到10.2.0.5

梦里梦外; 2022-09-27 06:50 130阅读 0赞

1、环境介绍

我们已经在 [RedHat][]  6.5上成功安装Oracle 10gR2，版本号为10.2.0.1。

\[oracle@SimpleLinux ~\]$ uname -r

2.6.32-431.el6.i686

SQL> select \* from v$version;

BANNER

\----------------------------------------------------------------

Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Prod

PL/SQL Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production

CORE    10.2.0.1.0      Production

TNS for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production

NLSRTL Version 10.2.0.1.0 – Production

当前操作系统用户oracle关键环境变量如下：

\[oracle@SimpleLinux ~\]$ env | grep ORA

ORACLE\_SID=ora11g

ORACLE\_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

ORACLE\_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db\_1

操作系统存储和内存资源相对充足。

\[oracle@SimpleLinux ~\]$ df -h

Filesystem                          Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/mapper/vg\_simplelinux-LogVol00  29G  8.7G  19G  32% /

tmpfs                                448M    0  448M  0% /dev/shm

/dev/sda1                            485M  33M  427M  8% /boot

\[oracle@SimpleLinux ~\]$ free -m

total      used      free    shared    buffers    cached

Mem:          894        332        561          0        20        241

\-/+ buffers/cache:        70        824

Swap:        1999          0      1999

2、备份环境和补丁包准备

首先，我们需要将数据库、监听程序等相关对象进行关闭。根据不同的情况，ASM、DB Control也需要关闭。

\[oracle@SimpleLinux ~\]$ lsnrctl stop

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on 13-MAY-2014 11:19:04

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=localhost)(PORT=1521)))

The command completed successfully

SQL> conn / as sysdba

Connected.

SQL> shutdown immediate;

Database closed.

Database dismounted.

ORACLE instance shut down.

下面需要备份环境。注意：升级过程是有风险的，特别是在生产环境下。两个步骤是降低升级风险的重要策略：多次测试和数据备份。多次测试（在系统测试环境）可以帮助我们事先发现升级方案问题，准备应对策略，验证方案。数据备份可以最大程度减少我们数据损失风险。

具体备份方法针对各自情况不同，可以选择RMAN、冷备份、exp/expdp等。此处笔者选择直接将目录拷贝的完全方法。

\[root@SimpleLinux upload\]\# mkdir /u02

\[root@SimpleLinux upload\]\# cd /u01

\[root@SimpleLinux u01\]\# cp -r \* /u02

\[root@SimpleLinux u01\]\#

正式进行动作前，要重新规划确定升级步骤。本次升级要实现两个补丁包，一个是10.2.0.5升级包，另一个是在10.2.0.5上运行的补丁包。在MOS上针对特定版本下载升级安装包，并且上传到服务器上。

\[root@SimpleLinux ~\]\# cd /upload/

\[root@SimpleLinux upload\]\# ls -l

total 1082304

\-rw-r--r-- 1 root root    4278863 May 13 11:27 p11724962\_10205\_LINUX.zip

\-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1103992900 May 13 11:29 p8202632\_10205\_LINUX.zip –升级10.2.0.5包

注意：我们升级数据库是有两个大的步骤，Oracle软件升级和Oracle数据库升级。可以回想一下我们在安装数据库的时候，是先安装数据库软件（包括Grid、Clusterware），之后创建dbca数据库。升级也是一样，我们需要先把数据库软件更新为最新版本，之后清理已经存在的数据库对象，使之升级为最新版本。

3、Oracle软件升级

我们首先进行软件升级动作，解压安装包。

\[root@SimpleLinux upload\]\# ls -l

total 1082472

drwxr-xr-x 5 root root      4096 Jul 23  2010 Disk1

\-rw-r--r-- 1 root root    4278863 May 13 11:27 p11724962\_10205\_LINUX.zip

\-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1103992900 May 13 11:29 p8202632\_10205\_LINUX.zip

\-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root    165290 Jul 20  2010 README.html

root中给oracle用户授权。

\[root@SimpleLinux upload\]\# cd /

\[root@SimpleLinux /\]\# chown -p oracle:oinstall upload/

chown: invalid option -- 'p'

Try \`chown --help' for more information.

\[root@SimpleLinux /\]\# chown -R oracle:oinstall upload/

\[root@SimpleLinux /\]\#

升级软件是在图形化界面中进行，所需要配置XWindows或者vnc界面工具。执行目录中的.runInstall脚本，就可以启动界面。如果环境变量配置正常，自动Path都会带入到界面中。

错误：

\[oracle@orcl Disk1\]$ ./runInstaller

Starting Oracle Universal Installer...

Checking installer requirements...

Checking operating system version: must be redhat-3, SuSE-9, SuSE-10, redhat-4, redhat-5, redhat-6, UnitedLinux-1.0, asianux-1, asianux-2, asianux-3, enterprise-4, enterprise-5 or SuSE-11

Failed <<<<

需要：

\[root@localhost ~\]\# vi /etc/redhat-release

将其内容修改为：

Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 4.4 (Tikanga)

大部分操作，都是点击Next确认过程。

下面是验证操作系统环境信息，是否满足安装条件。

![Image 1][]

安装过程，界面和工作内容和一般安装 [Oracle][] 没有过多差异。

![Image 1][]

最后需要以root用户手工执行脚本。

执行root.sh中，有一些覆盖的确认，建议覆盖。

\[root@SimpleLinux ~\]\# cd /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db\_1/

\[root@SimpleLinux db\_1\]\# ./root.sh

Running Oracle 10g root.sh script...

The following environment variables are set as:

ORACLE\_OWNER= oracle

ORACLE\_HOME= /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db\_1

Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: \[/usr/local/bin\]:

The file "dbhome" already exists in /usr/local/bin. Overwrite it? (y/n)

\[n\]: y

（篇幅原因，有省略……）

Now product-specific root actions will be performed.

如果没有明确的报错信息，就说明Oracle软件部分的安装成功。

SQL> alter database open;

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-01092: ORACLE instance terminated. Disconnection forced

第一步，通过startup upgrade启动实例

SQL> startup upgrade;

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area   322961408 bytes

Fixed Size               2095992 bytes

Variable Size                 100664456 bytes

Database Buffers       213909504 bytes

Redo Buffers                 6291456 bytes

Database mounted.

Database opened.

第二步，升级数据字典和实例等 。

SQL>@?/rdbms/admin/catupgrd.sql

整个过程需要15分钟至30分钟左右

升级完毕显示如下：

Oracle Database 10.2 Upgrade Status Utility           09-11-2014 21:48:21

Component                                 Status        Version  HH:MM:SS

Oracle Database Server                     VALID      10.2.0.5.0  00:15:41

JServer JAVA Virtual Machine               VALID      10.2.0.5.0  00:06:46

Oracle XDK                                 VALID      10.2.0.5.0  00:00:51

Oracle Database Java Packages             VALID      10.2.0.5.0  00:00:45

Oracle Text                               VALID      10.2.0.5.0  00:01:07

Oracle XML Database                       VALID      10.2.0.5.0  00:03:26

Oracle Workspace Manager                   VALID      10.2.0.5.0  00:01:21

Oracle Data Mining                         VALID      10.2.0.5.0  00:00:39

OLAP Analytic Workspace                    VALID      10.2.0.5.0  00:00:48

OLAP Catalog                               VALID      10.2.0.5.0  00:02:01

Oracle OLAP API                           VALID      10.2.0.5.0  00:02:01

Oracle interMedia                         VALID      10.2.0.5.0  00:06:35

Spatial                                   VALID      10.2.0.5.0  00:04:50

Oracle Expression Filter                   VALID      10.2.0.5.0  00:00:30

Oracle Enterprise Manager                 VALID      10.2.0.5.0  00:02:59

Oracle Rule Manager                       VALID      10.2.0.5.0  00:00:18

Total Upgrade Time: 00:53:47

DOC>\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#

DOC>

DOC>   The above PL/SQL lists the SERVER components in the upgraded

DOC>   database, along with their current version and status.

DOC>

DOC>   Please review the status and version columns and look for

DOC>   any errors in the spool log file.  If there are errors in the spool

DOC>   file, or any components are not VALID or not the current version,

DOC>   consult the Oracle Database Upgrade Guide for troubleshooting

DOC>   recommendations.

DOC>

DOC>   Next shutdown immediate, restart for normal operation, and then

DOC>   run utlrp.sql to recompile any invalid application objects.

DOC>

DOC>\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#

DOC>\#

第三步，shutdown 实例。Startup实例

第四步，再次编译无效的应用对象

SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/utlrp.sql

TIMESTAMP

\--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

COMP\_TIMESTAMP UTLRP\_BGN   2014-09-11 21:52:02

DOC>   The following PL/SQL block invokes UTL\_RECOMP to recompile invalid

DOC>   objects in the database. Recompilation time is proportional to the

DOC>   number of invalid objects in the database, so this command may take

DOC>   a long time to execute on a database with a large number of invalid

DOC>   objects.

DOC>

DOC>   Use the following queries to track recompilation progress:

DOC>

DOC>   1. Query returning the number of invalid objects remaining. This

DOC>       number should decrease with time.

DOC>         SELECT COUNT(\*) FROM obj$ WHERE status IN (4, 5, 6);

DOC>

DOC>   2. Query returning the number of objects compiled so far. This number

DOC>       should increase with time.

DOC>         SELECT COUNT(\*) FROM UTL\_RECOMP\_COMPILED;

DOC>

DOC>   This script automatically chooses serial or parallel recompilation

DOC>    based on the number of CPUs available (parameter cpu\_count) multiplied

DOC>   by the number of threads per CPU (parameter parallel\_threads\_per\_cpu).

DOC>   On RAC, this number is added across all RAC nodes.

DOC>

DOC>   UTL\_RECOMP uses DBMS\_SCHEDULER to create jobs for parallel

DOC>   recompilation. Jobs are created without instance affinity so that they

DOC>   can migrate across RAC nodes. Use the following queries to verify

DOC>   whether UTL\_RECOMP jobs are being created and run correctly:

DOC>

DOC>   1. Query showing jobs created by UTL\_RECOMP

DOC>         SELECT job\_name FROM dba\_scheduler\_jobs

DOC>             WHERE job\_name like 'UTL\_RECOMP\_SLAVE\_%';

DOC>

DOC>   2. Query showing UTL\_RECOMP jobs that are running

DOC>         SELECT job\_name FROM dba\_scheduler\_running\_jobs

DOC>             WHERE job\_name like 'UTL\_RECOMP\_SLAVE\_%';

DOC>\#

TIMESTAMP

\--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

COMP\_TIMESTAMP UTLRP\_END   2014-09-11 21:53:40

DOC> The following query reports the number of objects that have compiled

DOC> with errors (objects that compile with errors have status set to 3 in

DOC> obj$). If the number is higher than expected, please examine the error

DOC> messages reported with each object (using SHOW ERRORS) to see if they

DOC> point to system misconfiguration or resource constraints that must be

DOC> fixed before attempting to recompile these objects.

DOC>\#

OBJECTS WITH ERRORS

\-------------------

DOC> The following query reports the number of errors caught during

DOC> recompilation. If this number is non-zero, please query the error

DOC> messages in the table UTL\_RECOMP\_ERRORS to see if any of these errors

DOC> are due to misconfiguration or resource constraints that must be

DOC> fixed before objects can compile successfully.

DOC>\#

ERRORS DURING RECOMPILATION

\---------------------------

SQL>

[RedHat]: http://www.linuxidc.com/topicnews.aspx?tid=10
[Image 1]: 
[Oracle]: http://www.linuxidc.com/topicnews.aspx?tid=12

Oracle 从10.2.0.1升级到10.2.0.5

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