秒杀场景_同步秒杀分析和实战_01

我就是我 2022-09-07 04:56 162阅读 0赞

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### 文章目录 ###

*   *   *   *   *  一、应用部署准备
                 *   *  1. mysql安装部署
                     *  2. redis安装部署
                     *  3. nacos安装部署
                 *  二、数据库准备
                 *   *  2.1. 创建数据库
                     *  2.2. 初始化表结构
                     *  2.3. 搭建微服务父工程
                 *  三、商品模块微服务
                 *   *  3.1. 搭建product-serv模块
                     *  3.2. 配置yml
                     *  3.3. 实体
                     *  3.4. 接口
                     *  3.5. service
                     *  3.6. controller
                     *  3.7. 启动类
                 *  四、秒杀模块微服务
                 *   *  4.1. 搭建skill-serv模块
                     *  4.2. 配置yml
                     *  4.3. 实体
                     *  4.4. 接口
                     *  4.5. service
                     *  4.6. controller
                     *  4.7. 启动类

> 前言：为什么单独搭建秒杀微服务呢？  
> 为什么不对订单微服务和库存为负进行复用呢？

*  与正常业务服务隔离避免因秒杀影响主营业务
 *  可根据秒杀流量单独扩容和设置参数

##### 一、应用部署准备 #####

###### 1. mysql安装部署 ######

windows 环境  
[MySQL 8.0.26 简易配置安装教程 (windows 64位)][MySQL 8.0.26 _ _windows 64]

Linux 环境  
[Mysql 8.0 安装教程 Linux Centos7][Mysql 8.0 _ Linux Centos7]

###### 2. redis安装部署 ######

windows 环境  
[windows下载、安装运行redis][windows_redis]

Linux 环境  
[(单机)Linux环境安装最新版Redis-6.2.0][Linux_Redis-6.2.0]  
[linux环境下redis5.0的安装配置][linux_redis5.0]

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###### 3. nacos安装部署 ######

版本选择  
毕业版本依赖关系(推荐使用)

<table> 
 <thead> 
  <tr> 
   <th>Spring Cloud Version</th> 
   <th>Spring Cloud Alibaba Version</th> 
   <th>Spring Boot Version</th> 
   <th>Nacos Version</th> 
  </tr> 
 </thead> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td>Spring Cloud Hoxton.SR9</td> 
   <td>2.2.6.RELEASE</td> 
   <td>2.3.2.RELEASE</td> 
   <td>1.4.2</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

nacos官网：  
[https://nacos.io/zh-cn/docs/quick-start.html][https_nacos.io_zh-cn_docs_quick-start.html]

下载对用版本的nacos  
[https://github.com/alibaba/nacos/tags][https_github.com_alibaba_nacos_tags]

启动nacos

# 启动命令(standalone代表着单机模式运行，非集群模式):
    # linux
    sh startup.sh -m standalone
    
    # Windows
    startup.cmd -m standalone

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##### 二、数据库准备 #####

###### 2.1. 创建数据库 ######

创建一个名称为`skill`的数据库

###### 2.2. 初始化表结构 ######

-- ----------------------------
    -- Table structure for skill_goods
    -- ----------------------------
    DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `skill_goods`;
    CREATE TABLE `skill_goods`  (
      `id` bigint NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
      `name` varchar(100) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '标题',
      `price` decimal(10, 2) NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '原价格',
      `cost_price` decimal(10, 2) NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '秒杀价格',
      `status` char(1) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '审核状态，0未审核，1审核通过，2审核不通过',
      `num` int NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '秒杀商品数',
      `stock_count` int NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '剩余库存数',
      `introduction` varchar(2000) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '描述',
      PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE
    ) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = DYNAMIC;
    
    -- ----------------------------
    -- Table structure for skill_order
    -- ----------------------------
    DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `skill_order`;
    CREATE TABLE `skill_order`  (
      `id` bigint NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
      `skill_id` bigint NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '秒杀商品ID',
      `money` decimal(10, 2) NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '支付金额',
      `user_id` varchar(50) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '用户',
      `create_time` datetime NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '创建时间',
      `pay_time` datetime NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '支付时间',
      `status` char(1) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '状态0-未支付， 1-已支付',
      PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE
    ) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = DYNAMIC;

###### 2.3. 搭建微服务父工程 ######

由于很多依赖都是一样的，因此，搭建一个父工程引入依赖，子模块集成依赖即可  
创建eshop-parent父工程  
引入依赖

<parent>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
            <version>2.3.2.RELEASE</version>
            <relativePath/> 
        </parent>
    
        <groupId>com.gblfy</groupId>
        <artifactId>eshop-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    
        
        <properties>
            <java.version>1.8</java.version>
            <spring.cloud-version>Hoxton.SR9</spring.cloud-version>
        </properties>
    
        <dependencies>
          
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
                <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>mysql</groupId>
                <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
            </dependency>
              
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
            </dependency>
              
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-config</artifactId>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
        <dependencyManagement>
            <dependencies>
                
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                    <version>${spring.cloud-version}</version>
                    <type>pom</type>
                    <scope>import</scope>
                </dependency>
                
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
                    <version>2.2.6.RELEASE</version>
                    <type>pom</type>
                    <scope>import</scope>
                </dependency>
            </dependencies>
        </dependencyManagement>
    </project>

##### 三、商品模块微服务 #####

###### 3.1. 搭建product-serv模块 ######

集成父工程

<parent>
            <artifactId>eshop-parent</artifactId>
            <groupId>com.gblfy</groupId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </parent>
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
        <artifactId>product-serv</artifactId>

###### 3.2. 配置yml ######

server:
      port: 9000
    spring:
      cloud:
        nacos:
          discovery:
            service: product-serv
          server-addr: localhost:8848
      datasource:
        url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/skill?characterEncoding=UTF-8&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8
        username: root
        password: 123456
      redis:
        host: localhost
        port: 6379

###### 3.3. 实体 ######

package com.gblfy.entity;
    
    import lombok.Data;
    
    import javax.persistence.*;
    import java.io.Serializable;
    import java.math.BigDecimal;
    
    @Data
    @Entity
    @Table(name="skill_goods")
    public class SkillGood implements Serializable { 
        public SkillGood() { 
        }
        @Id
        @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
        private Long id;
    
        /**
         * 标题
         */
        @Column(name = "name")
        private String name;
    
        /**
         * 原价格
         */
        @Column(name = "price")
        private BigDecimal price;
    
        /**
         * 秒杀价格
         */
        @Column(name = "cost_price")
        private BigDecimal costPrice;
        /**
         * 审核状态
         */
        @Column(name = "status")
        private String status;
    
    
        /**
         * 秒杀商品数
         */
        @Column(name = "num")
        private Integer num;
    
        /**
         * 剩余库存数
         */
        @Column(name = "stock_count")
        private Integer stockCount;
    
        /**
         * 描述
         */
        @Column(name = "introduction")
        private String introduction;
    
        private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
    
    }

###### 3.4. 接口 ######

package com.gblfy.dao;
    
    import com.gblfy.entity.SkillGood;
    import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
    import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.Query;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
    
    import java.util.List;
    
    @Repository
    public interface SkillGoodRepository extends JpaRepository<SkillGood,Long> { 
    
        @Query(value="select * from skill_goods where status=1 and num>0 and stock_count>0 and id not in (?1)",nativeQuery = true)
        List<SkillGood> findSkill(List<Long> ids);
    
        @Query(value="select * from skill_goods where status=1 and num>0 and stock_count>0",nativeQuery = true)
        List<SkillGood> findSkillAll();
    }

###### 3.5. service ######

package com.gblfy.service;
    
    import com.gblfy.dao.SkillGoodRepository;
    import com.gblfy.entity.SkillGood;
    import lombok.RequiredArgsConstructor;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
    import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Scheduled;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    import org.springframework.util.CollectionUtils;
    
    import java.util.ArrayList;
    import java.util.List;
    import java.util.Set;
    
    @Component
    @RequiredArgsConstructor(onConstructor_ = @Autowired)
    public class SkillGoodService { 
    
        private final  RedisTemplate redisTemplate;
        private final  SkillGoodRepository skillGoodRepository;
        public static final String SKILL_GOODS_PHONE = "SKILL_GOODS_PHONE";
    
        /**
         * 每五秒执行一次 将需要参与秒杀的商品列表加载到内存
         */
        @Scheduled(cron = "0/5 * * * * ?")
        public void prepareGood() { 
            System.out.println("开始加载商品");
            //获取所有已经在内存当中的商品ID列表
            Set<Long> set = redisTemplate.boundHashOps(SKILL_GOODS_PHONE).keys();
            List<Long> ids = new ArrayList<>();
            for (Long id : set) { 
                ids.add(id);
            }
            List<SkillGood> list = null;
            //只查询出不在内存当中的商品信息，并加载到内存
            if (CollectionUtils.isEmpty(ids)) { 
                list = skillGoodRepository.findSkillAll();
            } else { 
                list = skillGoodRepository.findSkill(ids);
            }
            if (!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(list)) { 
                for (SkillGood skillGood : list) { 
                    redisTemplate.boundHashOps(SKILL_GOODS_PHONE).put(skillGood.getId(), skillGood);
                }
            }
            // 查看当前缓存中所有的商品信息
            Set keys = redisTemplate.boundHashOps(SKILL_GOODS_PHONE).keys();
            for (Object s : keys) { 
                SkillGood skillGood = (SkillGood) redisTemplate.boundHashOps(SKILL_GOODS_PHONE).get(s);
                System.out.println(skillGood.getName() + " 库存剩余：" + skillGood.getStockCount());
            }
        }
    
        // 提供查询商品信息的方法
        public SkillGood queryProduct(Long productId) { 
            return (SkillGood) redisTemplate.boundHashOps(SKILL_GOODS_PHONE).get(productId);
        }
    
        public void update(SkillGood skillGood) { 
            skillGoodRepository.save(skillGood);
        }
    }

###### 3.6. controller ######

package com.gblfy.controller;
    
    import com.gblfy.entity.SkillGood;
    import com.gblfy.service.SkillGoodService;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
    
    @RestController
    public class ProductController { 
    
        @Autowired
        private SkillGoodService skillGoodService;
    
        @GetMapping("/product/{productId}")
        @ResponseBody
        public SkillGood getProduct(@PathVariable  Long productId){ 
            System.out.println("调用商品服务");
            SkillGood skillGood=skillGoodService.queryProduct(productId);
            return skillGood;
        }
        @PostMapping("/product")
        public String update(@RequestBody SkillGood skillGood){ 
            System.out.println("更新库存");
            skillGoodService.update(skillGood);
            return "更新库存成功";
        }
    }

###### 3.7. 启动类 ######

package com.gblfy;
    
    import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
    import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnectionFactory;
    import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
    import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer;
    import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableScheduling;
    
    @SpringBootApplication
    @EnableScheduling
    public class ProductAplication { 
    
        public static void main(String[] args) { 
            SpringApplication.run(ProductAplication.class);
        }
    
        @Bean
        public RedisTemplate<Object, Object> redisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory) { 
            RedisTemplate<Object, Object> template = new RedisTemplate<>();
            template.setConnectionFactory(redisConnectionFactory);
            //采用普通的key 为 字符串
            template.setKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
            return template;
        }
    }

##### 四、秒杀模块微服务 #####

###### 4.1. 搭建skill-serv模块 ######

集成父工程

###### 4.2. 配置yml ######

server:
      port: 13000
    spring:
      cloud:
        nacos:
          discovery:
            service: skill-serv
          server-addr: localhost:8848
      datasource:
        url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/skill?characterEncoding=UTF-8&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8
        username: root
        password: 123456
      redis:
        host: localhost
        port: 6379

###### 4.3. 实体 ######

package com.gblfy.entity;
    
    
    import javax.persistence.*;
    import java.io.Serializable;
    import java.math.BigDecimal;
    
    @Entity
    @Table(name = "skill_goods")
    @Data
    public class SkillGood implements Serializable { 
        public SkillGood() { 
        }
        @Id
        @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
        private Long id;
    
        /**
         * 标题
         */
        @Column(name = "name")
        private String name;
    
        /**
         * 原价格
         */
        @Column(name = "price")
        private BigDecimal price;
    
        /**
         * 秒杀价格
         */
        @Column(name = "cost_price")
        private BigDecimal costPrice;
        /**
         * 审核状态
         */
        @Column(name = "status")
        private String status;
    
    
        /**
         * 秒杀商品数
         */
        @Column(name = "num")
        private Integer num;
    
        /**
         * 剩余库存数
         */
        @Column(name = "stock_count")
        private Integer stockCount;
    
        /**
         * 描述
         */
        @Column(name = "introduction")
        private String introduction;
    
        private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

package com.gblfy.entity;
    
    import javax.persistence.*;
    import java.io.Serializable;
    import java.math.BigDecimal;
    import java.util.Date;
    
    @Entity
    @Table(name = "skill_order")
    @Data
    public class SkillOrder implements Serializable { 
        /**
         * 主键
         */
        @Id
        @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
        private Long id;
    
        /**
         * 秒杀商品ID
         */
        @Column(name = "skill_id")
        private Long skillId;
    
        /**
         * 支付金额
         */
        @Column(name = "money")
        private BigDecimal money;
    
        /**
         * 用户
         */
        @Column(name = "user_id")
        private String userId;
        /**
         * 创建时间
         */
        @Column(name = "create_time")
        private Date createTime;
    
        /**
         * 支付时间
         */
        @Column(name = "pay_time")
        private Date payTime;
    
        /**
         * 状态
         */
        @Column(name = "status")
        private String status;
    
        private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

###### 4.4. 接口 ######

package com.gblfy.dao;
    
    import com.gblfy.entity.SkillOrder;
    import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
    
    @Repository
    public interface SkillOrderRepository extends JpaRepository<SkillOrder,Long> { 
    }

###### 4.5. service ######

package com.gblfy.service;
    
    import com.gblfy.entity.SkillGood;
    import lombok.RequiredArgsConstructor;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
    import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
    
    @Service
    @RequiredArgsConstructor(onConstructor_ = @Autowired)
    public class ProductService { 
    
        private final RestTemplate restTemplate;
    
        public SkillGood getGoodById(Long productId) { 
            return restTemplate.getForObject("http://product-serv/product/" + productId, SkillGood.class);
        }
    
        public void update(SkillGood skillGood) { 
           ResponseEntity<String> result= restTemplate.postForEntity("http://product-serv/product/",skillGood,String.class);
           System.out.println(result.getBody());
        }
    }

package com.gblfy.service;
    
    import com.gblfy.dao.SkillOrderRepository;
    import com.gblfy.entity.SkillGood;
    import com.gblfy.entity.SkillOrder;
    import lombok.RequiredArgsConstructor;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
    
    import javax.transaction.Transactional;
    import java.util.Date;
    
    @Service
    @RequiredArgsConstructor(onConstructor_ = @Autowired)
    public class SkillGoodService { 
        public static final String SKILL_GOODS_PHONE = "SKILL_GOODS_PHONE";
    
        private final RedisTemplate redisTemplate;
        private final SkillOrderRepository skillOrderRepository;
        private final ProductService productService;
    
    
        @Transactional
        public void add(Long productId, String userId) throws Exception { 
    
            SkillGood skillGood = productService.getGoodById(productId);
            if (skillGood == null) { 
                throw new Exception("商品已经被抢光拉");
            }
            if (skillGood.getStockCount() > 0) { 
                SkillOrder skillOrder = new SkillOrder();
                skillOrder.setMoney(skillGood.getCostPrice());
                skillOrder.setPayTime(new Date());
                skillOrder.setStatus("0");
                skillOrder.setUserId(userId);
                skillOrder.setCreateTime(new Date());
                skillOrder.setSkillId(productId);
                skillOrderRepository.save(skillOrder);
                skillGood.setStockCount(skillGood.getStockCount() - 1);
                redisTemplate.boundHashOps(SKILL_GOODS_PHONE).put(skillGood.getId(), skillGood);
                System.out.println("成功秒杀 剩余库存：" + skillGood.getStockCount());
            }
            if (skillGood.getStockCount() <= 0) { 
                System.out.println("库存已经是负数了:" + skillGood.getStockCount());
                redisTemplate.boundHashOps(SKILL_GOODS_PHONE).delete(skillGood.getId());
                productService.update(skillGood);
            }
        }
    }

###### 4.6. controller ######

package com.gblfy.controller;
    
    import com.gblfy.service.SkillGoodService;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
    
    @RestController
    public class SkillController { 
    
        @Autowired
        private SkillGoodService skillGoodService;
    
        @GetMapping("/skill")
        public String add(Long productId,String userId) { 
            try{ 
                skillGoodService.add(productId,userId);
                return "抢单成功";
            }catch (Exception e){ 
                return "商品已经抢光";
            }
        }
    }

###### 4.7. 启动类 ######

package com.gblfy;
    
    import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
    import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
    import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
    import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnectionFactory;
    import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
    import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer;
    import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
    
    @SpringBootApplication
    @EnableDiscoveryClient
    public class SkillServApplication { 
    
        public static void main(String[] args) { 
            SpringApplication.run(SkillServApplication.class, args);
        }
    
        @Bean
        public RedisTemplate<Object, Object> redisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory) { 
            RedisTemplate<Object, Object> template = new RedisTemplate<>();
            template.setConnectionFactory(redisConnectionFactory);
            //采用普通的key 为 字符串
            template.setKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
            return template;
        }
    
        @Bean
        @LoadBalanced
        public RestTemplate create() { 
            return new RestTemplate();
        }
    }

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[MySQL 8.0.26 _ _windows 64]: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_40816738/article/details/119219101
[Mysql 8.0 _ Linux Centos7]: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_40816738/article/details/119544641
[windows_redis]: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_40816738/article/details/99212547
[Linux_Redis-6.2.0]: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_40816738/article/details/114371657
[linux_redis5.0]: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_40816738/article/details/99209120
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[https_nacos.io_zh-cn_docs_quick-start.html]: https://nacos.io/zh-cn/docs/quick-start.html
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