用 Java 爬美女图片，厉害了。。

叁歲伎倆 2022-09-05 05:29 172阅读 0赞

### **目的** ###

爬取搜狗图片上千张美女图片并下载到本地

### **准备工作** ###

爬取地址：[https://pic.sogou.com/pics?query=%E7%BE%8E%E5%A5%B3][https_pic.sogou.com_pics_query_E7_BE_8E_E5_A5_B3]

### **分析** ###

打开上面的地址，按F12开发者工具 - NetWork - XHR - 页面往下滑动XHR栏出现请求信息如下：

Request URL ： [https://pic.sogou.com/napi/pc/searchList?mode=1&start=48&xml\_len=48&query=%E7%BE%8E%E5%A5%B3][https_pic.sogou.com_napi_pc_searchList_mode_1_start_48_xml_len_48_query_E7_BE_8E_E5_A5_B3]

分析这段请求URL的主要几个参数：

start=48 表示从第48张图片开始检索

xml\_len=48 从地48张往后获取48张图片

query=？ 搜索关键词（例：美女，这里浏览器自动做了转码，不影响我们使用）

![20210817154133520.png][]

点击Respose，找个JSON格式器辅助过去看看。

![20210817154133520.png][]

JSON格式： [https://www.bejson.com/][https_www.bejson.com]

分析Respose返回的信息，可以发现我们想要的图片地址放在 picUrl里，

![20210817154134279.png][]

### **思路** ###

通过以上分析，不难实现下载方法，思路如下：

1.  设置URL请求参数
2.  访问URL请求，获取图片地址
3.  图片地址存入List
4.  遍历List，使用线程池下载到本地

### **代码** ###

SougouImgProcessor.java 爬取图片类

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
    import us.codecraft.webmagic.utils.HttpClientUtils;
    import victor.chang.crawler.pipeline.SougouImgPipeline;
    
    import java.util.ArrayList;
    import java.util.List;
    
    /**
     * A simple PageProcessor.
     * @author code4crafter@gmail.com <br>
     * @since 0.1.0
     */
    public class SougouImgProcessor {
    
        private String url;
        private SougouImgPipeline pipeline;
        private List<JSONObject> dataList;
        private List<String> urlList;
        private String word;
    
        public SougouImgProcessor(String url,String word) {
            this.url = url;
            this.word = word;
            this.pipeline = new SougouImgPipeline();
            this.dataList = new ArrayList<>();
            this.urlList = new ArrayList<>();
        }
    
        public void process(int idx, int size) {
            String res = HttpClientUtils.get(String.format(this.url, idx, size, this.word));
            JSONObject object = JSONObject.parseObject(res);
            List<JSONObject> items = (List<JSONObject>)((JSONObject)object.get("data")).get("items");
            for(JSONObject item : items){
                this.urlList.add(item.getString("picUrl"));
            }
            this.dataList.addAll(items);
        }
    
        // 下载
        public void pipelineData(){
            // 多线程
            pipeline.processSync(this.urlList, this.word);
        }
    
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            String url = "https://pic.sogou.com/napi/pc/searchList?mode=1&start=%s&xml_len=%s&query=%s";
            SougouImgProcessor processor = new SougouImgProcessor(url,"美女");
    
            int start = 0, size = 50, limit = 1000; // 定义爬取开始索引、每次爬取数量、总共爬取数量
    
            for(int i=start;i<start+limit;i+=size)
                processor.process(i, size);
    
            processor.pipelineData();
    
        }
    
    }

SougouImgPipeline.java 图片下载类

import java.io.File;
    import java.io.FileOutputStream;
    import java.io.InputStream;
    import java.net.URL;
    import java.net.URLConnection;
    import java.util.List;
    import java.util.Objects;
    import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
    import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
    import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
    import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;
    
    /**
     * Store results in files.<br>
     * @author code4crafter@gmail.com <br>
     * @since 0.1.0
     */
    public class SougouImgPipeline {
    
        private String extension = ".jpg";
        private String path;
    
        private volatile AtomicInteger suc;
        private volatile AtomicInteger fails;
    
        public SougouImgPipeline() {
            setPath("E:/pipeline/sougou");
            suc = new AtomicInteger();
            fails = new AtomicInteger();
        }
    
        public SougouImgPipeline(String path) {
            setPath(path);
            suc = new AtomicInteger();
            fails = new AtomicInteger();
        }
    
        public SougouImgPipeline(String path, String extension) {
            setPath(path);
            this.extension = extension;
            suc = new AtomicInteger();
            fails = new AtomicInteger();
        }
    
        public void setPath(String path) {
            this.path = path;
        }
    
        /**
         * 下载
         * @param url
         * @param cate
         * @throws Exception
         */
        private void downloadImg(String url, String cate, String name) throws Exception {
            String path = this.path + "/" + cate + "/";
            File dir = new File(path);
            if (!dir.exists()) {    // 目录不存在则创建目录
                dir.mkdirs();
            }
            String realExt = url.substring(url.lastIndexOf("."));   // 获取扩展名
            String fileName = name + realExt;
            fileName = fileName.replace("-", "");
            String filePath = path + fileName;
            File img = new File(filePath);
            if(img.exists()){   // 若文件之前已经下载过，则跳过
                System.out.println(String.format("文件%s已存在本地目录",fileName));
                return;
            }
    
            URLConnection con = new URL(url).openConnection();
            con.setConnectTimeout(5000);
            con.setReadTimeout(5000);
            InputStream inputStream = con.getInputStream();
            byte[] bs = new byte[1024];
    
            File file = new File(filePath);
            FileOutputStream os = new FileOutputStream(file, true);
            // 开始读取 写入
            int len;
            while ((len = inputStream.read(bs)) != -1) {
                os.write(bs, 0, len);
            }
            System.out.println("picUrl: " + url);
            System.out.println(String.format("正在下载第%s张图片", suc.getAndIncrement()));
        }
    
        /**
         * 单线程处理
         *
         * @param data
         * @param word
         */
        public void process(List<String> data, String word) {
            long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
            for (String picUrl : data) {
                if (picUrl == null)
                    continue;
                try {
                    downloadImg(picUrl, word, picUrl);
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    fails.incrementAndGet();
                }
            }
            System.out.println("下载成功: " + suc.get());
            System.out.println("下载失败: " + fails.get());
            long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
            System.out.println("耗时：" + (end - start) / 1000 + "秒");
        }
    
    
        /**
         * 多线程处理
         *
         * @param data
         * @param word
         */
        public void processSync(List<String> data, String word) {
            long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
            int count = 0;
            ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newCachedThreadPool(); // 创建缓存线程池
            for (int i=0;i<data.size();i++) {
                String picUrl = data.get(i);
                if (picUrl == null)
                    continue;
                String name = "";
                if(i<10){
                    name="000"+i;
                }else if(i<100){
                    name="00"+i;
                }else if(i<1000){
                    name="0"+i;
                }
                String finalName = name;
                executorService.execute(() -> {
                    try {
                        downloadImg(picUrl, word, finalName);
                    } catch (Exception e) {
                        fails.incrementAndGet();
                    }
                });
                count++;
            }
            executorService.shutdown();
            try {
                if (!executorService.awaitTermination(60, TimeUnit.SECONDS)) {
                    // 超时的时候向线程池中所有的线程发出中断(interrupted)。
                    // executorService.shutdownNow();
                }
                System.out.println("AwaitTermination Finished");
                System.out.println("共有URL: "+data.size());
                System.out.println("下载成功: " + suc);
                System.out.println("下载失败: " + fails);
    
                File dir = new File(this.path + "/" + word + "/");
                int len = Objects.requireNonNull(dir.list()).length;
                System.out.println("当前共有文件： "+len);
    
                long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
                System.out.println("耗时：" + (end - start) / 1000.0 + "秒");
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
    
        }
    
    
        /**
         * 多线程分段处理
         *
         * @param data
         * @param word
         * @param threadNum
         */
        public void processSync2(List<String> data, final String word, int threadNum) {
            if (data.size() < threadNum) {
                process(data, word);
            } else {
                ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
                int num = data.size() / threadNum;    //每段要处理的数量
                for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                    int start = i * num;
                    int end = (i + 1) * num;
                    if (i == threadNum - 1) {
                        end = data.size();
                    }
                    final List<String> cutList = data.subList(start, end);
                    executorService.execute(() -> process(cutList, word));
                }
                executorService.shutdown();
            }
        }
    
    }

HttpClientUtils.java http请求工具类

import org.apache.http.Header;
    import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
    import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
    import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
    import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
    import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
    import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
    import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpUriRequest;
    import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory;
    import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.TrustStrategy;
    import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
    import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
    import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
    import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
    import org.apache.http.ssl.SSLContextBuilder;
    import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
    import org.slf4j.Logger;
    import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
    
    import javax.net.ssl.HostnameVerifier;
    import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
    import javax.net.ssl.SSLSession;
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
    import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;
    import java.security.cert.CertificateException;
    import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
    import java.util.ArrayList;
    import java.util.HashMap;
    import java.util.List;
    import java.util.Map;
    
    /**
     * @author code4crafter@gmail.com
     * Date: 17/3/27
     */
    public abstract class HttpClientUtils {
    
        public static Map<String, List<String>> convertHeaders(Header[] headers) {
            Map<String, List<String>> results = new HashMap<String, List<String>>();
            for (Header header : headers) {
                List<String> list = results.get(header.getName());
                if (list == null) {
                    list = new ArrayList<String>();
                    results.put(header.getName(), list);
                }
                list.add(header.getValue());
            }
            return results;
        }
    
        /**
         * http的get请求
         * @param url
         */
        public static String get(String url) {
            return get(url, "UTF-8");
        }
    
        public static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HttpClientUtils.class);
    
        /**
         * http的get请求
         * @param url
         */
        public static String get(String url, String charset) {
            HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);
            return executeRequest(httpGet, charset);
        }
    
        /**
         * http的get请求，增加异步请求头参数
         * @param url
         */
        public static String ajaxGet(String url) {
            return ajaxGet(url, "UTF-8");
        }
    
        /**
         * http的get请求，增加异步请求头参数
         *
         * @param url
         */
        public static String ajaxGet(String url, String charset) {
            HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);
            httpGet.setHeader("X-Requested-With", "XMLHttpRequest");
            return executeRequest(httpGet, charset);
        }
    
        /**
         * @param url
         * @return
         */
        public static String ajaxGet(CloseableHttpClient httpclient, String url) {
            HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);
            httpGet.setHeader("X-Requested-With", "XMLHttpRequest");
            return executeRequest(httpclient, httpGet, "UTF-8");
        }
    
        /**
         * http的post请求，传递map格式参数
         */
        public static String post(String url, Map<String, String> dataMap) {
            return post(url, dataMap, "UTF-8");
        }
    
        /**
         * http的post请求，传递map格式参数
         */
        public static String post(String url, Map<String, String> dataMap, String charset) {
            HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
            try {
                if (dataMap != null) {
                    List<NameValuePair> nvps = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
                    for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : dataMap.entrySet()) {
                        nvps.add(new BasicNameValuePair(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue()));
                    }
                    UrlEncodedFormEntity formEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nvps, charset);
                    formEntity.setContentEncoding(charset);
                    httpPost.setEntity(formEntity);
                }
            } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            return executeRequest(httpPost, charset);
        }
    
        /**
         * http的post请求，增加异步请求头参数，传递map格式参数
         */
        public static String ajaxPost(String url, Map<String, String> dataMap) {
            return ajaxPost(url, dataMap, "UTF-8");
        }
    
        /**
         * http的post请求，增加异步请求头参数，传递map格式参数
         */
        public static String ajaxPost(String url, Map<String, String> dataMap, String charset) {
            HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
            httpPost.setHeader("X-Requested-With", "XMLHttpRequest");
            try {
                if (dataMap != null) {
                    List<NameValuePair> nvps = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
                    for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : dataMap.entrySet()) {
                        nvps.add(new BasicNameValuePair(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue()));
                    }
                    UrlEncodedFormEntity formEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nvps, charset);
                    formEntity.setContentEncoding(charset);
                    httpPost.setEntity(formEntity);
                }
            } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            return executeRequest(httpPost, charset);
        }
    
        /**
         * http的post请求，增加异步请求头参数，传递json格式参数
         */
        public static String ajaxPostJson(String url, String jsonString) {
            return ajaxPostJson(url, jsonString, "UTF-8");
        }
    
        /**
         * http的post请求，增加异步请求头参数，传递json格式参数
         */
        public static String ajaxPostJson(String url, String jsonString, String charset) {
            HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
            httpPost.setHeader("X-Requested-With", "XMLHttpRequest");
    
            StringEntity stringEntity = new StringEntity(jsonString, charset);// 解决中文乱码问题
            stringEntity.setContentEncoding(charset);
            stringEntity.setContentType("application/json");
            httpPost.setEntity(stringEntity);
            return executeRequest(httpPost, charset);
        }
    
        /**
         * 执行一个http请求，传递HttpGet或HttpPost参数
         */
        public static String executeRequest(HttpUriRequest httpRequest) {
            return executeRequest(httpRequest, "UTF-8");
        }
    
        /**
         * 执行一个http请求，传递HttpGet或HttpPost参数
         */
        public static String executeRequest(HttpUriRequest httpRequest, String charset) {
            CloseableHttpClient httpclient;
            if ("https".equals(httpRequest.getURI().getScheme())) {
                httpclient = createSSLInsecureClient();
            } else {
                httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();
            }
            String result = "";
            try {
                try {
                    CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httpRequest);
                    HttpEntity entity = null;
                    try {
                        entity = response.getEntity();
                        result = EntityUtils.toString(entity, charset);
                    } finally {
                        EntityUtils.consume(entity);
                        response.close();
                    }
                } finally {
                    httpclient.close();
                }
            } catch (IOException ex) {
                ex.printStackTrace();
            }
            return result;
        }
    
        public static String executeRequest(CloseableHttpClient httpclient, HttpUriRequest httpRequest, String charset) {
            String result = "";
            try {
                try {
                    CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httpRequest);
                    HttpEntity entity = null;
                    try {
                        entity = response.getEntity();
                        result = EntityUtils.toString(entity, charset);
                    } finally {
                        EntityUtils.consume(entity);
                        response.close();
                    }
                } finally {
                    httpclient.close();
                }
            } catch (IOException ex) {
                ex.printStackTrace();
            }
            return result;
        }
    
        /**
         * 创建 SSL连接
         */
        public static CloseableHttpClient createSSLInsecureClient() {
            try {
                SSLContext sslContext = new SSLContextBuilder().loadTrustMaterial(new TrustStrategy() {
                    @Override
                    public boolean isTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {
                        return true;
                    }
                }).build();
                SSLConnectionSocketFactory sslsf = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(sslContext, new HostnameVerifier() {
                    @Override
                    public boolean verify(String hostname, SSLSession session) {
                        return true;
                    }
                });
                return HttpClients.custom().setSSLSocketFactory(sslsf).build();
            } catch (GeneralSecurityException ex) {
                throw new RuntimeException(ex);
            }
        }
    }

### **运行** ###

由于网络等原因，我们发现并不能全部下载成功，不过可以多次运行尝试，可以实现较高的下载成功率。

![20210817154134820.png][]

![20210817154135332.png][]

![20210817154135898.png][]

666，厉害了。。

本文链接：[https://blog.csdn.net/qq\_35402412/article/details/113627625][https_blog.csdn.net_qq_35402412_article_details_113627625]

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[https_pic.sogou.com_pics_query_E7_BE_8E_E5_A5_B3]: https://pic.sogou.com/pics?query=%E7%BE%8E%E5%A5%B3
[https_pic.sogou.com_napi_pc_searchList_mode_1_start_48_xml_len_48_query_E7_BE_8E_E5_A5_B3]: https://pic.sogou.com/napi/pc/searchList?mode=1&start=48&xml_len=48&query=%E7%BE%8E%E5%A5%B3
[20210817154133520.png]: /images/20220829/cf5c5294eb8b40d3b77aec6a3936d8eb.png
[https_www.bejson.com]: https://www.bejson.com/
[20210817154134279.png]: /images/20220829/6f84d13fd5a448f098b31633cbc162ea.png
[20210817154134820.png]: /images/20220829/3a9ca27810284c49b0313ba2c89fd7bf.png
[20210817154135332.png]: /images/20220829/29d1c95076ac41bfa869276312e7cb1e.png
[20210817154135898.png]: /images/20220829/99e96247575b437d81230af8aaf48038.png
[https_blog.csdn.net_qq_35402412_article_details_113627625]: https://blog.csdn.net/qq_35402412/article/details/113627625
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[if_ else]: https://www.javastack.cn/article/2021/strategy-pattern-instead-of-if-else/
[Java _ xx _ null]: https://www.javastack.cn/article/2021/intellij-idea-ligatures-settings/
[Spring Boot 2.5]: https://www.javastack.cn/article/2021/spring-boot-2.5-released/
[Java]: http://www.javastack.cn/article/2020/alibaba-release-java-develop-rules-songshan/