Centos 安装Nginx错误集锦

雨点打透心脏的1/2处 2022-09-03 14:29 123阅读 0赞

# 1. 情景再现 #

> 今天在学习Nginx的时候Windows安装的好好的，也可以正常启动了，但是Centos安装的时候出现了一些错误，记录一下

# 2. 安装步骤 #

## 1. tar包安装 ##

1.  下载`Nginx安装包`，[下载地址][Link 1]
    
        # 或者使用wget命令
        wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.18.0.tar.gz
2.  将压缩包上传到服务器root根目录
    
        scp nginx.tar.gz root@ip:
3.  解压压缩包
    
        tar -zxvf nginx.tar.gz
4.  编译nginx
    
        cd nginx 
        ./configure
        make
        make install
        # 查看是否安装成功
        whereis nginx
        # 启动nginx
        cd /usr/local/nginx/sbin
        ./nginx

## 2. yum安装 ##

1.  配置 yum 源
    
        # 配置 rpm源，如果出现 Unknow host error,请参考 第四章 Vmware中的错误
        rpm -ivh http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm
        # 或者手动创建一个配置文件
        #进入 yum 安装源文件目录
        cd /etc/yum.repo.d #切换到yum安装源文件目录
        vim nginx.repo #创建一个安装包源
        # 粘贴下列内容进去
        [nginx-stable]
        name=nginx stable repo
        baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/$releasever/$basearch/
        gpgcheck=1
        enabled=1
        gpgkey=https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key
        [nginx-mainline]
        name=nginx mainline repo
        baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/mainline/centos/$releasever/$basearch/
        gpgcheck=1
        enabled=0
        gpgkey=https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key
        # 按 esc 退出编辑模式 :wq! 保存退出
        :wq!
2.  安装nginx
    
        yum -y install nginx

# 3. 阿里云问题描述 #

1.  PCRE 缺失

> ./configure: error: the HTTP rewrite module requires the PCRE library.  
> You can either disable the module by using --without-http\_rewrite\_module  
> option, or install the PCRE library into the system, or build the PCRE library  
> statically from the source with nginx by using --with-pcre=  option.

**解决办法：安装 PCRE**

yum -y install pcre-devel

1.  HTTP缺失

> ./configure: error: the HTTP cache module requires md5 functions  
> from OpenSSL library. You can either disable the module by using  
> –without-http-cache option, or install the OpenSSL library into the system,  
> or build the OpenSSL library statically from the source with nginx by using  
> –with-http\_ssl\_module --with-openssl=  options.

**解决办法：安装openssl**

yum -y install openssl openssl-devel

1.  执行上述两个命令时可能会出现下面的错误

> error: rpmdb: BDB0113 Thread/process 3330/139891423307584 failed: BDB1507 Thread died in Berkeley DB library  
> error: db5 error(-30973) from dbenv->failchk: BDB0087 DB\_RUNRECOVERY: Fatal error, run database recovery  
> error: cannot open Packages index using db5 - (-30973)  
> error: cannot open Packages database in /var/lib/rpm

**解决办法：删除db，重新构建rpm**

# 进入rpm目录
    cd /var/lib/rpm
    # 查看rpm目录
    ls
    # 删除所有的 db文件 小心别执行成 rm -rf /
    # 可以参考 https://blog.csdn.net/geek64581/article/details/101095854 这个博客使用 mv命令代替 rm 命令
    rm -rf __db*
    # 重新构建 rpm
    rpm --rebuliddb
    # 构建完成之后重新执行即可

# 4. Vmware 安装问题描述 #

> 安装前需要确保系统有 gcc pcre-devel zlib-devel openssl-devel

1.  提示没有C compiler

> checking for OS
> 
>  *  Linux 3.10.0-514.el7.x86\_64 x86\_64  
>     checking for C compiler … not found
> 
> ./configure: error: C compiler cc is not found

**错误原因：没有安装gcc**

yum -y install gcc

1.  找不到yum镜像

> “Could not resolve host: mirrors.njupt.edu.cn; Unknown error”

**解决办法**

# 编辑 resolv.conf文件
    vim /etc/resolv.conf
    # 添加内容
    nameserver 8.8.8.8
    nameserver 8.8.4.4
    # 重启network 或者重启linux
    service network restart
    # 或者
    shutdown -r now

1.  没有安装zlib

> /configure: error: the HTTP gzip module requires the zlib library.  
> You can either disable the module by using --without-http\_gzip\_module  
> option, or install the zlib library into the system, or build the zlib library  
> statically from the source with nginx by using --with-zlib=  option.

yum -y install zlib-devel

# 5. 访问nginx #

# 启动Nginx
    cd /usr/local/niginx/sbin
    ./nginx
    # 如果没有体质打印就是启动成功了，也可以使用ps命令查看
    ps -ef|grep nginx

> 打开浏览器查看页面 `localhost:80` 或者 `localhost` ,因为http默认的端口是 `80`

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> 如果使用的是Vmware访问不了的话，有两种解决办法

1.  关闭防火墙
    
        #停止防火墙
        systemctl stop firewalld.service
        # 禁止防火墙开机启动
        systemctl disable firewalld.service
2.  安装iptables防火墙
    
        # 安装iptables
        yum install iptables-services
        # 修改配置文件
        vim /etc/sysconfig/iptables
        # 按i进入编辑模式找到下列内容
        -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
        #在该行下面添加
        -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
        # 或者直接找到22那一行按yyp复制一行，改为80即可
        # 想复制多行需要 yynp dd是删除当前行 yy3p就是复制三行
        #按 esc退出编辑模式 :wq保存退出
        :wq! 
        #最后重启防火墙使配置生效
        systemctl restart iptables.service
        #设置防火墙开机启动
        systemctl enable iptables.service

[Link 1]: http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.18.0.tar.gz
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