无线的那些知识

忘是亡心i 2022-09-03 10:25 173阅读 0赞

### 文章目录 ###

*   *   *  项目简单概述
         *  拓扑
         *  基本配置
         *  简单测试
         *  AP没上线，如何解决
         *  VLAN为啥DOWN了？怎么办
         *  常识扩展

### 项目简单概述 ###

**本文只是一篇小项目的复盘！**

15台48口交换机，型号为LS-5130S-52P-PWR-EI；

4台24口交换机，型号为LS-5130S-28P-HPWR-EI；

一台AC控制器的型号为EWP-WX3510H；

需求：19层楼的所有PC终端和移动用户都能获取到IP地址并能正常上网。

一共19层楼，每层楼一台POE交换机，每一层有15-25台AP；

### 拓扑 ###

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0hZRDY5Ng_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]

### 基本配置 ###

只写有代表性的设备（注意：命令不全）

AC
    sysname XX-AC
    #
     telnet server enable
    #
     port-security enable
    #
     dhcp enable
    #
     password-recovery enable
    #    
    vlan 1
    #
    vlan 100                    #管理VLAN
     description This is Manager VLAN .
    #
    vlan 200 to 1600
    #
    vlan 1000                   #VLAN1000为无线
     description This is WLAN AP VLAN .
    #
    vlan 1612 to 4094
    #
    dhcp server ip-pool ap                   #DHCP服务器
     gateway-list 10.10.181.254              #网关
     network 10.10.180.0 mask 255.255.254.0  #所分配的网段
    #
    wlan service-template 1               #配置无线服务模板1
     ssid AA                              #创建无线名称
     vlan 1501                      #绑定VLAN，绑定哪个 VLAN，PC连接的 WIFI 就获取哪个 VLAN 业务地址
     service-template enable        #开启无线模板功能
    #
    wlan service-template 2
     ssid BB
     vlan 1505
     service-template enable
    #
    interface NULL0
    #
    interface Vlan-interface100
     ip address 192.31.100.10 255.255.255.0
    #
    interface Vlan-interface1000
     ip address 10.10.181.254 255.255.254.0
    #
    interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1
     port link-type trunk
     port trunk permit vlan all
    #
    interface GigabitEthernet1/0/2
     port link-type trunk
     port trunk permit vlan all
    #
    interface GigabitEthernet1/0/3
     port link-type trunk
     port trunk permit vlan all
    #
    interface GigabitEthernet1/0/4
     port link-type trunk
     port trunk permit vlan all
    #
    interface GigabitEthernet1/0/5
     port link-type trunk
     port trunk permit vlan all
    #
    interface GigabitEthernet1/0/6
     port link-type trunk
     port trunk permit vlan all
    #
    interface GigabitEthernet1/0/7
     port link-type trunk
     port trunk permit vlan all
    #
    interface GigabitEthernet1/0/8
     port link-type trunk
     port trunk permit vlan all
    #
    user-interface vty 0 4
     authentication-mode scheme
     user-role network-operator
    set authentication  password simple 1008611
    #
     ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.31.100.1
    #
     authorization-attribute user-role level-15
     #
     wlan auto-ap enable          #使能自动 AP
     wlan auto-persistent enable  #使能自动固化
    #
    wlan ap-group default-group  #默认AP组里面配置对应的 AP 型号
     vlan 1
     vlan 1501
     ap-model WA6320        #AP 型号为WA6320
      radio 1 
       max-power 20
       radio enable
       channel band-width 20 
       service-template 1   #5G 射频绑定无线服务模板 1
      radio 2
       radio enable
       service-template 1   #2.4G 射频绑定无线服务模板 1
      gigabitethernet 1 
     ap-model WA6320H
      radio 1
       max-power 20   #配置射频的最大传输功率为20
       radio enable
       channel band-width 20   #配置当前Radio接口的带宽模式；射频接口的工作方式为20MHz
       service-template 1
      radio 2
       max-power 20
       radio enable
       service-template 1
      gigabitethernet 1
      gigabitethernet 2
      gigabitethernet 3
      gigabitethernet 4
      gigabitethernet 5
     ap-model WA6330
      radio 1
       max-power 20
       radio enable
       channel band-width 20 
       service-template 1
      radio 2
       max-power 20
       radio enable
       channel band-width 20 
       service-template 1
      radio 3
       radio enable
       service-template 1
      gigabitethernet 1
      smartrate-ethernet 1
    #
    wlan ap-group yrz
     vlan 1
     vlan 1501
     ap XX
     ap  ...
     ......
     ap-model WA6320
      radio 1
       max-power 20
       radio enable
       channel band-width 20 
       service-template 1
      radio 2
       max-power 20
       radio enable
       service-template 1
      gigabitethernet 1
     ap-model WA6320H
      radio 1
       max-power 20
       radio enable
       service-template 1
      radio 2
       max-power 20
       radio enable
       service-template 1
      gigabitethernet 1
      gigabitethernet 2
      gigabitethernet 3
      gigabitethernet 4
      gigabitethernet 5
     ap-model WA6330
      radio 1
       max-power 20
       radio enable
       channel band-width 20 
       service-template 1
      radio 2
       max-power 20
       radio enable
       channel band-width 20 
       service-template 1
      radio 3
       radio enable
       service-template 1
      gigabitethernet 1
      smartrate-ethernet 1
    wlan ap-group yrz-16
     vlan 1
     vlan 1505
     ap XX
     ap ...
     ......
     ap-model WA6320
      radio 1
       max-power 20
       radio enable
       channel band-width 20 
       service-template 2
      radio 2
       max-power 20
       radio enable
       service-template 2
      gigabitethernet 1
     ap-model WA6320H
      radio 1
       max-power 20
       radio enable
       channel band-width 20 
       service-template 2
      radio 2
       max-power 20
       radio enable
       service-template 2
      gigabitethernet 1
      gigabitethernet 2
      gigabitethernet 3
      gigabitethernet 4
      gigabitethernet 5
     ap-model WA6330
      radio 1
       max-power 20
       radio enable
       channel band-width 20 
       service-template 2
      radio 2
       max-power 20
       radio enable
       channel band-width 20 
       service-template 2
      radio 3
       max-power 20
       radio enable
       service-template 2
      gigabitethernet 1
      smartrate-ethernet 1
    #
    wlan ap XX model WA6320  #上线 AP 时，获取到IP地址后会自动上线
     serial-id XXXXXXXXXXXX
     vlan 1
     radio 1
     radio 2       
     gigabitethernet 1
    #
    .......

核心交换机  
HX

sysname XX-HX
    #
     domain default enable system
    #
     telnet server enable
    #
    vlan 1
    .......
    #
    vlan 100 to 990
    #
    vlan 1000
     description This is WLAN AP VLAN .
    #
    vlan 1011 to 1999
    #               
    domain system
     access-limit disable
     state active
     idle-cut disable
     self-service-url disable
    #
    user-group system
    #
     stp enable
    stp region-configuration
     region-name XX
     revision-level 1
     instance 1 vlan 2 to 1999
     active region-configuration
    #
    interface NULL0
    #
    interface Vlan-interface100
     description This is Manager Vlan .
     ip address 192.31.100.1 255.255.255.0
    #
    interface Vlan-interface1000
     description This is WWLAN AP VLAN .
     ip address 10.10.181.1 255.255.255.0
    #
    interface GigabitEthernet2/0/1
     port link-mode bridge
     port link-type trunk
     port trunk permit vlan all
     mirroring-group 1 mirroring-port both
    #
    interface GigabitEthernet2/0/2
     port link-mode bridge
     port link-type trunk
     port trunk permit vlan all
     mirroring-group 1 mirroring-port both
    #               
    interface GigabitEthernet2/0/3
     port link-mode bridge
     port link-type trunk
     port trunk permit vlan all
     mirroring-group 1 mirroring-port both
    #
    interface GigabitEthernet2/0/4
     port link-mode bridge
     port link-type trunk
     port trunk permit vlan all
     mirroring-group 1 mirroring-port both
    #
    interface GigabitEthernet2/0/5
     port link-mode bridge
     port link-type trunk
     port trunk permit vlan all
     mirroring-group 1 mirroring-port both
    #
    interface GigabitEthernet2/0/6
     port link-mode bridge
     port link-type trunk
     port trunk permit vlan all
     mirroring-group 1 mirroring-port both
    #
    interface GigabitEthernet2/0/7
     port link-mode bridge
     port link-type trunk
     port trunk permit vlan all
     mirroring-group 1 mirroring-port both
    #
    interface GigabitEthernet2/0/8
     port link-mode bridge
     port link-type trunk
     port trunk permit vlan all
     mirroring-group 1 mirroring-port both
    #
    interface GigabitEthernet2/0/9
     port link-mode bridge
     port link-type trunk
     port trunk permit vlan all
     mirroring-group 1 mirroring-port both
    #
    interface GigabitEthernet2/0/10
     port link-mode bridge
     port link-type trunk
     port trunk permit vlan all
     mirroring-group 1 mirroring-port both
    #
    interface GigabitEthernet2/0/11
     port link-mode bridge
     port link-type trunk
     port trunk permit vlan all
     mirroring-group 1 mirroring-port both
    #
    interface GigabitEthernet2/0/12
     port link-mode bridge
     port link-type trunk
     port trunk permit vlan all
     mirroring-group 1 mirroring-port both
    #
    interface GigabitEthernet2/0/13
     port link-mode bridge
     port link-type trunk
     port trunk permit vlan all
     mirroring-group 1 mirroring-port both
    #
    interface GigabitEthernet2/0/14
     port link-mode bridge
     port link-type trunk
     port trunk permit vlan all
     mirroring-group 1 mirroring-port both
    #
    interface GigabitEthernet2/0/15
     port link-mode bridge
     port link-type trunk
     port trunk permit vlan all
     mirroring-group 1 mirroring-port both
    #
    interface GigabitEthernet2/0/16
     port link-mode bridge
     port link-type trunk
     port trunk permit vlan all
     mirroring-group 1 mirroring-port both
    #
    interface GigabitEthernet2/0/17
     port link-mode bridge
     port link-type trunk
     port trunk permit vlan all
     shutdown
     mirroring-group 1 mirroring-port both
    #
    interface GigabitEthernet2/0/18
     port link-mode bridge
     port link-type trunk
     port trunk permit vlan all
     shutdown
     mirroring-group 1 mirroring-port both
    #
    .......
    #
    interface M-Ethernet0/0/0
    #
     ip route-static 1XX.1XX.2XX.0 255.255.255.0 192.31.100.10
    #               
     snmp-agent
     snmp-agent local-engineid XXXXXXXX
     snmp-agent community read public
     snmp-agent community write private
     snmp-agent sys-info version all
    #
     load xml-configuration
    #
    user-interface aux 0
    user-interface vty 0 4
     user privilege level 3
     set authentication password simple 1008611
    user-interface vty 5 15
    ......

接入交换机  
S

sysname XXPOE
    #
     telnet server enable
    #
     dhcp snooping enable
    #
     password-recovery enable
    #
    vlan 1
    #
    vlan 100
     description This is manager VLAN.
    #
    #
    vlan 220 to 320
    #
    vlan 1000
     description This is WLAN AP VLAN
    #
    stp region-configuration
     region-name XX
     revision-level 1
     instance 1 vlan 200 to 600
     active region-configuration
    #
     stp global enable
    #
    interface NULL0
    #              
    interface Vlan-interface100
     ip address 192.31.100.17 255.255.255.0
    #
    interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1
     port access vlan 1000
     stp edged-port
     poe enable
     loopback-detection enable vlan 1000
    #
    interface GigabitEthernet1/0/2
     port access vlan 1000
     stp edged-port
     poe enable
     loopback-detection enable vlan 1000
    #
    interface GigabitEthernet1/0/3
     port access vlan 1000
     stp edged-port
     poe enable
     loopback-detection enable vlan 1000
    #
    interface GigabitEthernet1/0/4
     port access vlan 1000
     stp edged-port
     poe enable
     loopback-detection enable vlan 1000
    #
    interface GigabitEthernet1/0/5
     port access vlan 1000
     stp edged-port
     poe enable
     loopback-detection enable vlan 1000
    #
    interface GigabitEthernet1/0/6
     port access vlan 1000
     stp edged-port
     poe enable
     loopback-detection enable vlan 1000
    #
    interface GigabitEthernet1/0/7
     port access vlan 1000
     stp edged-port
     poe enable
     loopback-detection enable vlan 1000
    #
    interface GigabitEthernet1/0/8
     port access vlan 1000
     stp edged-port
     poe enable
     loopback-detection enable vlan 1000
    #
    interface GigabitEthernet1/0/9
     port access vlan 1000
     stp edged-port
     poe enable
     loopback-detection enable vlan 1000
    #
    interface GigabitEthernet1/0/10
     port access vlan 1000
     stp edged-port
     poe enable
     loopback-detection enable vlan 1000
    #
    interface GigabitEthernet1/0/11
     port access vlan 1000
     stp edged-port
     poe enable
     loopback-detection enable vlan 1000
    #              
    interface GigabitEthernet1/0/12
     port access vlan 1000
     stp edged-port
     poe enable
     loopback-detection enable vlan 1000
    #
    interface GigabitEthernet1/0/13
     port access vlan 1000
     stp edged-port
     poe enable
     loopback-detection enable vlan 1000
    #
    .......
    #
    interface GigabitEthernet1/0/48
     port access vlan 1000
     poe enable
     loopback-detection enable vlan 1000
    #
    interface GigabitEthernet1/0/49
    #              
    interface GigabitEthernet1/0/50
    #
    interface GigabitEthernet1/0/51
    #
    interface GigabitEthernet1/0/52
     port link-type trunk
     port trunk permit vlan all
     dhcp snooping trust
    #
     scheduler logfile size 16
    #
    line class aux
     user-role network-admin
    #
    line class vty
     user-role network-operator
    #
    line aux 0
     user-role network-admin
    #
    line vty 0 4
     user-role level-15
     user-role network-operator
    set authentication  password simple 1008611
    #
    line vty 5 63
     user-role network-operator
    #
     ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.31.100.1
    #
     snmp-agent
     snmp-agent local-engineid XXXXXXXXXXXXX
     snmp-agent community write private
     snmp-agent community read public
     snmp-agent sys-info version all 
    #
    radius scheme system
     user-name-format without-domain
    #
    domain system
    #
     domain default enable system
    #
    ......
    #
    user-group system
    #
    local-user admin class manage
     service-type telnet
     authorization-attribute user-role network-operator
    #
    .......

其他接入层交换机配置类似

### 简单测试 ###

display wlan ap all  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0hZRDY5Ng_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]

display wlan ap-group brief  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0hZRDY5Ng_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]

### AP没上线，如何解决 ###

AP没上线，一般是什么问题或者用什么办法解决？

1、AP是否上电

2、AP与接入交换机接线是否正常

3、交换机配置是否有误，比如端口类型ACCESS TRUNK是否配置正确，是否放行了相关的VLAN

4、交换机是否在接口上开启POE功能（交换机为POE交换机）

5、以上都没问题的话，可重启交换机，或者是在接口上把POE功能先关掉再开启POE功能

6、IP地址是否够用，可扩展DHCP地址池，或者增加DHCP服务器

如果/24掩码的DHCP地址池不够用的话，可改用为/23的；例如：10.10.181.0/24的，改为10.10.180.0/23，网关为10.10.181.254，这样只有253IP地址可用，就能再增加256个IP可用地址了。

7、检查接口是否是DOWN/UP（使用命令为：display interface brief）

--------------------

### VLAN为啥DOWN了？怎么办 ###

为啥在VLAN视图下配置了IP地址为DOWN?

[SW1]vlan 200
    [SW1-vlan200]q
    [SW1]int Vlanif 200
    [SW1-Vlanif200]ip address  10.10.1.254 24
    [SW1-Vlanif200]q

display ip int brief  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0hZRDY5Ng_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]  
因为在VLAN 200下没有数据转发，即VLAN 200下没有正常连接的终端或者是没有使用到VLAN 200的数据。把某个口划入到VLAN 200，链接到PC终端，VLAN 200状态就起来了。

[SW1]int g0/0/1
    [SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type access 
    [SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port default vlan  200

PC1的配置  
![在这里插入图片描述][23e37e1d9a4445e38d09403b9b06b8b6.png]  
再查看VLAN 200接口，是否为UP？  
![在这里插入图片描述][c3fecf35ee214bfbad858d7b9d1465eb.png]  
由以上输出结果可知，状态已为UP。

--------------------

### 常识扩展 ###

常用网络设备的接口E、S、F、G、XG代表了什么？

Ethernet接口，叫以太网接口，普通的双绞线，E代表的是百兆口；

Serial接口，也叫高速异步串口，可以设置R-R带宽；

FastEthernet接口，快速以太网口，也叫百兆口；

GigabitEthernet可以是光口，也可以是电口，也叫千兆口。

XG指的是Ten-GigabitEthernet ，也就是万兆以太网口；

设备里面的ethernet是100M接口  
gigabitethernet是1000M接口  
ethernet不能配置IP，因为这个接口为二层口，所以不能设置IP。  
(思科：在该接口试图上运行no switchport然后关闭二层接口并启用三层接口；然后可配置IP地址。)

--------------------

![在这里插入图片描述][1eba511a69464ce6ab1109abe643bb3c.gif_pic_center]  
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[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0hZRDY5Ng_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]: /images/20220829/f7c77c6310374cfb8b7b835b30e0f9fc.png
[23e37e1d9a4445e38d09403b9b06b8b6.png]: /images/20220829/db6fead3d69e4b80a96eea1c50eb4f19.png
[c3fecf35ee214bfbad858d7b9d1465eb.png]: /images/20220829/d5931be80b52408ea37541f14dd4df6c.png
[1eba511a69464ce6ab1109abe643bb3c.gif_pic_center]: /images/20220829/aac291080cc34fe2a1ffbed3f7c53990.png