转换GDB调用栈到流程图

秒速五厘米 2022-08-26 13:14 116阅读 0赞

如果你想在GDB调试时把调用堆栈保存下来归档，那下面这个脚本就方便你了。原理是将调用堆栈的函数抽取出来，再完成调用关系就可以了。

首先你要安装dot (Mac OS下安装Graphviz), 如果你想转为文本格式，就可安装Perl的Graph::Easy包(命令行:sudo perl -MCPAN -e 'install Graph::Easy', Ubuntu下直接安装libgraph-easy-perl)。

然后按需要执行脚本就可以了， 假定如下的调用栈:

*   \#0  WebCore::FrameLoader::FunctionA (this=0x2a7d91f8) at /FrameLoader.cpp*

*   \#1  0x4efd2514 in WebCore::FrameLoader::FunctionB (this=0x2a7d91f8) at /FrameLoader.cpp:553*

*   \#2  0x4efd1918 in FunctionC ()at /mainFile.cpp:100*

## 1. 转为图片 ##

python convertStackToDot.py**stack.txt**|dot -Tpng>output.png

![SouthEast][]

默认由上到下排列，如果你想改变，可以通过在脚本的参数中增加dot设定调整，比如:

python convertStackToDot.py **stack.txt '****rankdir=LR;****'**|dot -Tpng>output.png

就会变成横排:

![SouthEast 1][]

## 2. 转为文本 ##

有时你希望转为文本，还好有Graph Easy包，不然你就要使用asciio自己画了。

python convertStackToDot.py stack.txt ‘rankdir=LR;’|graph-easy -as\_ascii>output.txt

效果如下:

\+-----------+     +------------------------+     +------------------------+

\+-----------+     +------------------------+     +------------------------+

## 3. 多个调用栈的解析 ##

如果有多个调用栈一起组成完整的流程，只要在各个调用栈中间加入空格就可以了。比如下面的堆栈:

*\#0  WebCore::FrameLoader::FunctionF (this=0x2a7d90f8,at /FrameLoader.cpp  
\#1  WebCore::FrameLoader::FunctionA (this=0x2a7d90f8,at /FrameLoader.cpp  
\#2  0x4ffd2514 in WebCore::FrameLoader::FunctionB (this=0x2a7d90f8, at /FrameLoader.cpp:553  
\#3  0x4ffd1918 in FunctionC (this=0x2a7d90f8 at /mainFile.cpp:100  
  
  
\#0  WebCore::FrameLoader::FunctionE (this=0x2a7d90f8,at /FrameLoader.cpp  
\#1  0x4ffd2514 in WebCore::FrameLoader::FunctionB (this=0x2a7d90f8, at /FrameLoader.cpp:553  
\#2  0x4ffd1918 in FunctionC (this=0x2a7d90f8 at /mainFile.cpp:100*

输出结果如下, 线段上的数字代码的堆栈序号:

![SouthEast 2][]

转载请注明出处: [http://blog.csdn.net/horkychen][http_blog.csdn.net_horkychen]

再次修改了一下，对于重复的调用，可以使用-d选项选择是否全部显示出来，同时可以允许指定一个正则表达式将某部分节点高亮显示，如允许显示重复调用路径的效果:

*python convertStackToDot.py -d -l "A|PolicyChecker" stack.txt|dot -Tpng>output.png*

![SouthEast 3][]

脚本如下:

#!/usr/bin/python
    #coding=utf-8
    #python convertStackToDot.py stack.txt|dot -Tpng>output.png
    #To generate ascii flow chart, graph_easy should be installed:
    #  sudo apt-get install libgraph-easy-perl
    #The use below command line:
    #python convertStackToDot.py stack.txt|graph-easy -as_ascii>output.txt
    
    import sys
    import re
    import argparse
    import os
    
    function_name_str = r"[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9]*::[~a-zA-Z0-9\_\-<: >=]*\(|[a-zA-Z0-9_\-<>]* \("
    class_name_str = r"::[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9]*::"
    known_namespaces = []
    
    libCName="/system/lib/libc.so"
    
    Colors=["#000000","#ff0000","#00aa00","#0000ff","#800080","#daa520","#ff00b4","#d2691e","#00bfff",
            "#D0A020","#006000","#305050","#101870"]
    
    Styles=["solid","dashed","dotted"]
    
    MAX_COLOR_COUNT = len(Colors)
    MAX_LINE_WIDTH_COUNT = 4
    MAX_STYLE_COUNT = len(Styles)
    
    FirstNodeAttr = ' style="rounded,filled" fillcolor=\"#00bb0050\"'
    HighlightAttr = ' style="rounded,filled" fillcolor=\"yellow\"'
    
    blockNum = 0    
    nodeNo = 0
    
    nodeList={}
    nodeOrderList={}
    firstNodeList={}
    nodeAttr={}
    
    outputText = ''
    callingStack = ''
    newBlock=True
    
    willCommit=False #For filtering purpose
    blockBackTrace = ''
    blockNodeList={}
    
    def getTextOfBlockNodeList(lastNodeName,lastNodeLabel):
        global firstNodeList
        strBlockNodeText = ''
    
        for key in blockNodeList.keys():
            if not nodeList.has_key(key):
                name = blockNodeList[key]
                strBlockNodeText = strBlockNodeText + name + nodeAttr[name]+'\n'
                nodeList[key] = name
    
        #Replace the attribute of the last node
        if len(lastNodeName)>0 and not firstNodeList.has_key(lastNodeName):
            oldStr = lastNodeName+'[label="'+lastNodeLabel+'" shape=box ];';
            newStr = lastNodeName+'[label="'+lastNodeLabel+'" shape=box '+FirstNodeAttr+' ];'
            strBlockNodeText = strBlockNodeText.replace(oldStr,newStr,1)
            firstNodeList[lastNodeName] = True
    
        return strBlockNodeText
    
    
    def submitAndResetForNewBlock(args,lastNodeName,lastNodeLabel):
        global blockBackTrace,newBlock,callingStack
        global blockNodeList,willCommit,outputText
    
        newBlock = True
        if willCommit and len(blockBackTrace)>0:
            callingStack = blockBackTrace + '\n' + callingStack
            blockNodeText = getTextOfBlockNodeList(lastNodeName,lastNodeLabel)
            outputText = outputText+blockNodeText
    
        blockNodeList = {}
        blockBackTrace = ''
        willCommit = (len(args.filter)==0)
    
    def getClassName(text):
        m = re.search(class_name_str,text)
        if m:
            className=text[0:m.end()-2]
        elif not text[:text.find('::')] in known_namespaces:
            className = text[:text.find('::')]
        else:
            className = text
    
        return className
    
    def getNodeName(text,nodeNo,args):
        global willCommit,blockNodeList,newBlock
    
        processText = text
    
    
        if len(args.ignore)>0 and re.search(args.ignore,text):
            return '' 
    
        if args.onlyClass:
            processText = getClassName(text)
    
        if nodeList.has_key(processText):
            nodeName = nodeList[processText]
        elif blockNodeList.has_key(processText):
            nodeName = blockNodeList[processText]
        else:
            nodeName = 'Node'+str(nodeNo)
            blockNodeList[processText]=nodeName
    
            extraAttr = ''
            try:
                if len(args.highlight)>0 and re.search(args.highlight,processText):
                    extraAttr = HighlightAttr
            except:
                extraAttr = ''
    
            nodeAttr[nodeName] = '[label="'+processText+'" shape=box '+extraAttr+'];'
    
        
        if len(args.filter)>0 and re.search(args.filter,text):
            willCommit = True
    
        return nodeName
    
    
    def createNewRelation(nodeName,lastNodeName,blockNum):
        global blockBackTrace
    
        tempKey = "%s_%s"%(nodeName,lastNodeName)
    
        if args.duplicate or not nodeOrderList.has_key(tempKey):
            lineColor = Colors[(blockNum-1)%MAX_COLOR_COUNT]
            linePenWidth = str((int((blockNum-1)/MAX_COLOR_COUNT)%MAX_LINE_WIDTH_COUNT)+1)
            lineStyle = Styles[((blockNum-1)/(MAX_COLOR_COUNT*MAX_LINE_WIDTH_COUNT))%MAX_STYLE_COUNT]
    
            if nodeOrderList.has_key(tempKey):
                linePenWidth = '1'
                lineColor = lineColor+'50' #Set alpha value
    
            blockBackTrace = nodeName+'->'+lastNodeName+'[label='+str(blockNum)+\
                        ',color=\"'+lineColor+'\"'+\
                        ',style=\"'+lineStyle+'\"'+\
                        ',penwidth='+linePenWidth+']\n'+ \
                        blockBackTrace
    
        nodeOrderList[tempKey] = True
    
    
    def combineOutputText():
        global outputText,callingStack
    
        if len(callingStack)>0:
            outputText = outputText+callingStack+"\n}"
            return outputText
        else:
            return ''
    
    def initialize(args):
        global outputText,callingStack
        outputText = "digraph backtrace{ \nnode [style=rounded  fontname=\"Helvetica Bold\"];\n" + args.extraDotOptions +"\n"
    
    def convertToDot(file,args):
        global willCommit,outputText,newBlock,blockNum,nodeNo
        global outputText,callingStack,blockBackTrace
        
        lastNodeName = ''
        lastNodeLabel = ''
    
        willCommit = (len(args.filter)==0) #To specify the initial value according to the filter.
    
        f = open(file, 'r')
    
        for line in f:
            line = line.strip()
            if(len(line)==0) or line.startswith("#0  ") or line.startswith("#00 "):
                if not newBlock:
                    #Start with new block here.
                    submitAndResetForNewBlock(args, lastNodeName, lastNodeLabel)
    
                if(len(line.strip())==0):
                    continue
    
            if not line.startswith("#"):
                continue
    
            text = ""
    
            m = re.search(function_name_str, line)
            if m:
                nodeNo = nodeNo+1
                text=m.group(0).strip()
                text = text[:-1]
                text = text.strip()
            elif line.find(libCName)>0:
                nodeNo = nodeNo+1
                text='FunctionInLibC'
    
            if(len(text)==0):
                continue
    
            #Get the existing node or create new one. Anyway, just ask for the name.
            nodeName = getNodeName(text,nodeNo,args)
    
            #To throw it away if no valid name was returned according to your arguments.
            if(len(nodeName)==0):
                continue
    
            if newBlock:
                newBlock = False
                blockNum = blockNum + 1
            else:
                createNewRelation(nodeName,lastNodeName,blockNum)
    
            lastNodeName = nodeName
            lastNodeLabel = text
            if args.onlyClass:
                lastNodeLabel = getClassName(text)
    
        if len(blockBackTrace)>0:
            #Wow, one block was built successfully, sumit it.
            submitAndResetForNewBlock(args, lastNodeName, lastNodeLabel)
    
        f.close()
    
    if __name__=="__main__":
        parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
        parser.add_argument('file', type=str, help='The text file which contains GDB call stacks.')
        parser.add_argument('-e','--extraDotOptions', default='', help='Extra graph options. For example: rankdir=LR; That means to show functions in horizontal.')
        parser.add_argument('-l','--highlight', default='', help='Regular Expression Pattern. Nodes are highlighted whose name match the pattern.')
        parser.add_argument('-f','--filter', default='', help='Regular Expression Pattern. The calling stack are shown only if which include the matched nodes.')
        parser.add_argument('-d','--duplicate', action='store_true', default=False, help='Leave duplicated callings.')
        parser.add_argument('-i','--ignore', default='', help='To hide some nodes, try this.')
        parser.add_argument('-c','--onlyClass', action='store_true', default=False, help='To simplify the output with less nodes, only Class node will be listed.')
    
        if len(sys.argv)<=1:
            parser.print_help()
            print "  Any comment, please feel free to contact horky.chen@gmail.com."
            quit()
    
        args = parser.parse_args()
        
        if args.file is None:
            quit()
    
        initialize(args)
    
        if os.path.isfile(args.file):
            convertToDot(args.file,args)
        else:
            filenames = os.listdir(args.file)
            for filename in filenames:
                convertToDot(os.path.join(args.file,filename),args)
    
        resultDotString = combineOutputText()
    
        if len(resultDotString)>0:
            print(resultDotString)

**参考:**

1. [G][][DB扩展之Command File - 提高调试效率][G]

2. [\[WebKit\]C++类的数据结构及在反汇编上的应用][WebKit_C]

3. [使用LLDB脚本简化打印复杂数据的操作][LLDB]

[SouthEast]: /images/20220824/a2400ee9f80c43b5b2cfb1db3bb42238.png
[SouthEast 1]: /images/20220824/8ebe24d96fd747289c1a2dbf812446de.png
[SouthEast 2]: /images/20220824/08f38ce23555485d8e6b7dae3b390102.png
[http_blog.csdn.net_horkychen]: http://blog.csdn.net/horkychen
[SouthEast 3]: /images/20220824/3c6f79e24f354a968f36a78e8a406a88.png
[G]: http://blog.csdn.net/horkychen/article/details/9372039
[WebKit_C]: http://blog.csdn.net/horkychen/article/details/9116523
[LLDB]: http://blog.csdn.net/horkychen/article/details/8502789