Ubuntu12.04详细安装步骤图解及vmtools、samba、ssh安装

Love The Way You Lie 2022-08-24 05:28 161阅读 0赞

我们在这里使用VMware player虚拟机，它是VMware Workstation的精简版，具有体积小，使用灵活，免费等特点。根据自己的爱好习惯选择。

（VMware player 4.0.6版本下载地址：[http://pan.baidu.com/s/1qWG6xuk][http_pan.baidu.com_s_1qWG6xuk]）

一、安装VMware player，跟在windows安装其他软件一样。

二、安装Ubuntu（下载地址：[http://pan.baidu.com/s/1qWC2Bl6][http_pan.baidu.com_s_1qWC2Bl6]）

step0：选择“Create a New Virtual Machine”                                           step1:选择 “I will install the operating system later”点击“Next”

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step2：选择“Linux ”、“Ubuntu 64-bit”点击“Next”                                   step3：填写一个虚拟机名字、选择虚拟机装路径点击“Next”

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step4：选择虚拟机最大硬盘空间，

选择“split virtual disk as a single file”点击“Next”                          step5：点击“Edit virtual machine setting ” 再点“Finish”

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step6: 点击“Memory”修改右边的值为1024                                             step7：点击“CD/DVD”、点击右边“Use ISO image file”

选择Ubuntu12.04镜像的路径

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step8：点击“NetworkAdapter”，如果电脑处于局域网中选择“Bridged”，

如果处于孤立状态选择“NAT”，点击“OK”                                       step9：点击“play virtual machine”运行虚拟机

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step10：选择“中文简体”语言，点击“安装Ubuntu”                          step11：点“继续”（如果电脑能上网，断开或禁用网卡这样提高安装速度）

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step12：点击“继续  ”                                                                          step13：点击“现在安装”（为了使硬盘能够适应大量数据、

（如果在PC已有Windows上安装，请选择下面的选项）                      超长时间的工环境，服务器一般采用高速、稳定、安全的SCSI硬盘）

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step14：选择地方点“继续”                                                                        step15：选择语言点击“继续”

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step16：输入姓名、计算机名（不要太长）和密码，点击“继续”         step17：点击“现在重启”

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step18：出现此画面“按下回车”                                                              step19：输入密码进入系统，安装完毕！

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step20：设置固定IP：点击右上角“上下箭头”选择“编辑连接”如图设置后保存

（IP和自己电脑上在一个网段，子网掩码、网关、DNS都和电脑一样）

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三、安装MVtools（下载地址：[http://pan.baidu.com/s/1dDF6U2l][http_pan.baidu.com_s_1dDF6U2l]）

step1:点击“virtual machine settings...”                                                     step2:点击“CD/DVD”，在右边点击“use ISO image file”

选择vmtools镜像路径点击“OK”

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step3：点击右下角“光盘图标”选择                                                     step4：在左栏点击“主文件夹”如下图再右击“vmtools包”点击“解压到此处”

“connect”再如下图“右击—复制到—主文件夹”

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step5：如下图在终端执行命令，再输入密码，后面不管遇到什么全部按回车。

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四、获得最新的软件包的列表：sudo apt-get install update

五、安装samba服务器：

samba服务器在两种不同的操作系统间架起了一座桥梁，使Linux系统和Windows系统之间能够通信

安装命令：sudo apt-get install samba smbfs smbclient system-config-samba

samba :                          samba核心组件

smbfs :                           支持SMB/CIFS协议的文件系统

smbclient :                      samba客户端，访问其他机器

system-config-samba ： 图形界面配置工具

Ubuntu下通过图形界面配置samba：（hanbo** :** 用户名）

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重启samba：sudo service smbd restart

在Windows下”Win+R“、输入该虚拟机IP地址，输入用户名和密码（samba时设置的），便可访问到自己Linux下的目录。

六、ubuntu 安装ssh服务器：

ssh是建立在应用层和传输层基础之上的安全协议。专为远程登录回话和其他网络服务提供安全协议。

执行命令：sudo apt-get install openssh-server

重启ssh服务器（出现问题时使用，同samba）：sudo service ssh restart

附：ubuntu16.04安装system-config-samba图形界面后需要命令打开：sudo system-config-samba

打开失败时如下：需要手动创建一个文件：sudo touch /etc/libuser.conf

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "/usr/sbin/system-config-samba", line 45, in <module>

mainWindow.MainWindow(debug\_flag)

File "/usr/share/system-config-samba/mainWindow.py", line 121, in \_\_init\_\_

self.basic\_preferences\_win = basicPreferencesWin.BasicPreferencesWin(self, self.xml, self.samba\_data, self.samba\_backend, self.main\_window)

File "/usr/share/system-config-samba/basicPreferencesWin.py", line 97, in \_\_init\_\_

self.admin = libuser.admin()

SystemError: could not open configuration file \`/etc/libuser.conf': No such file or directory

[http_pan.baidu.com_s_1qWG6xuk]: http://pan.baidu.com/s/1qWG6xuk
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