前言：

最近做了一个导入数据的功能，需求大概是这样的，有张Excel表格，将里面的数据插入到mysql已经建好的表里面，而且字段要一一对应，之前我们用的是SqlServer数据库，实现这个批量插入的工作就很简单了，我们可以用SqlBulkCopy批量更新数据，但是在Mysql的ADO操作对象中并没有这个对象，难道要去拼接Insert语句么？小编找到了这样一个有用的对象—— MySqlBulkLoader，是先将DATATable编程CSV文件，在用MySqlBulkLoader导入MySql中，这样的操作很简单，下面是我的实现。

SouthEast

代码实现：

逻辑层：

<span style="font-family:KaiTi_GB2312;font-size:18px;">         #region ImportQuestionFile() 导入Excel模板题--周洲--2016年3月11日20:42:53
         /// <summary>
         /// 导入Excel模板题--周洲--2016年3月11日20:42:53
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="filePathName"></param>
         /// <param name="strPaperId"></param>
         /// <returns></returns>
         public Dictionary<int, DataTable> ImportQuestionFile(string filePathName, string strPaperId)
         {
             //完整文件路径
             string strFilePath = _savePath1 + filePathName;
             //添加默认列（时间戳，是否删除等）
             Dictionary<string, string> defaultField = new Dictionary<string, string>();
             //defaultField.Add("CourseID", strPaperId);
             defaultField.Add("TimeSpan", DateTime.Now.ToString());
             //调用底层的方法
             Dictionary<int, DataTable> ta = new Dictionary<int, DataTable>();
             ExcelImportManager excelImportManager = new ExcelImportManager();
             ta = excelImportManager.ImportExcel(strFilePath, "Panduanti", defaultField, "itooexamEntities");
             return ta;
         }
         #endregion
</span>

调用的ExcelImportManager里面的ImportExcel方法：

<span style="font-family:KaiTi_GB2312;font-size:18px;">  public Dictionary<int, DataTable> ImportExcel(string strPath, string strXMLName, Dictionary<string, string> dicDefaultColumn, string strDBKey)
        {
            //得到导入目标表的DataTable
            Dictionary<int, DataTable> dicTargetTable = this.GetImportTable(strPath, strXMLName, dicDefaultColumn, strDBKey);
            //得到导入第三张表的DataTable
            Dictionary<int, DataTable> dicThirdTable = this.GetThirdTable();
            //得到过程中出现的问题表
            Dictionary<int, DataTable> dicErrorTable = this.GetErrorTable();
            //执行隐式事务
           // try
           // {
                using (TransactionScope scope = new TransactionScope(TransactionScopeOption.RequiresNew))
                {
                    for (int intTableIndex = 0; intTableIndex < dicTargetTable.Count; intTableIndex++)
                    {
                        if (dicTargetTable[intTableIndex].Rows.Count > 0)
                        {
                            DataTable dtTarget = dicTargetTable[intTableIndex];
                            //TODO:从这里调用导入数据库的方法，在sqlhelper中
                         //   sqlHelper.InsertTable(strPath, strDBKey, dtTarget, dtTarget.TableName, dtTarget.Columns);
                            //MySqlDBHelper mysqlhelper = new MySqlDBHelper();
                            //mysqlhelper.BulkInsert(strDBKey,dtTarget);
                            string strConnValue = ConfigHelper.ReadAppSetting(strDBKey);
                            MySqlHelper mysqlhelper = new MySqlHelper(strConnValue);
                            mysqlhelper.BulkInsert(dtTarget);
                        }
                    }
                    scope.Complete();
                }
           // }
            //catch (Exception e)
           // {
             //   throw new Exception(e.Message);
           // }
            Boolean bolIsExistErrorData = false;
            foreach (int intErrorTableIndex in dicErrorTable.Keys)
            {
                if (dicErrorTable[intErrorTableIndex].Rows.Count > 0)
                {
                    bolIsExistErrorData = true;
                }
            }
            if (bolIsExistErrorData)
            {
                return dicErrorTable;
            }
            return null;
        }</span>

调用的数据库操作类：mysqlhelper

<span style="font-family:KaiTi_GB2312;font-size:18px;"> /// <summary>
        ///大批量数据插入,返回成功插入行数
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="connectionString">数据库连接字符串</param>
        /// <param name="table">数据表</param>
        /// <returns>返回成功插入行数</returns>
        public static int BulkInsert(string connectionString, DataTable table)
        {
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(table.TableName)) throw new Exception("请给DataTable的TableName属性附上表名称");
            if (table.Rows.Count == 0) return 0;
            int insertCount = 0;
            string tmpPath = Path.GetTempFileName();
            string csv = DataTableToCsv(table);
            File.WriteAllText(tmpPath, csv);
           // MySqlTransaction tran = null;
            using (MySqlConnection conn = new MySqlConnection(connectionString))
            {
                try
                {
                    conn.Open();
                    //tran = conn.BeginTransaction();
                    MySqlBulkLoader bulk = new MySqlBulkLoader(conn)
                    {
                        FieldTerminator = ",",
                        FieldQuotationCharacter = '"',
                        EscapeCharacter = '"',
                        LineTerminator = "\r\n",
                        FileName = tmpPath,
                        NumberOfLinesToSkip = 0,
                        TableName = table.TableName,
                    };
                    //bulk.Columns.AddRange(table.Columns.Cast<DataColumn>().Select(colum => colum.ColumnName).ToArray());
                    insertCount = bulk.Load();
                  // tran.Commit();
                }
                catch (MySqlException ex)
                {
                   // if (tran != null) tran.Rollback();
                    throw ex;
                }
            }
            File.Delete(tmpPath);
            return insertCount;
        }</span>
<span style="font-family:KaiTi_GB2312;font-size:18px;">   /// <summary>
        ///将DataTable转换为标准的CSV
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="table">数据表</param>
        /// <returns>返回标准的CSV</returns>
        private static string DataTableToCsv(DataTable table)
        {
            //以半角逗号（即,）作分隔符，列为空也要表达其存在。
            //列内容如存在半角逗号（即,）则用半角引号（即""）将该字段值包含起来。
            //列内容如存在半角引号（即"）则应替换成半角双引号（""）转义，并用半角引号（即""）将该字段值包含起来。
            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
            DataColumn colum;
            foreach (DataRow row in table.Rows)
            {
                for (int i = 0; i < table.Columns.Count; i++)
                {
                    colum = table.Columns[i];
                    if (i != 0) sb.Append(",");
                    if (colum.DataType == typeof(string) && row[colum].ToString().Contains(","))
                    {
                        sb.Append("\"" + row[colum].ToString().Replace("\"", "\"\"") + "\"");
                    }
                    else sb.Append(row[colum].ToString());
                }
                sb.AppendLine();
            }
            return sb.ToString();
        }
</span>
<span style="font-family:KaiTi_GB2312;font-size:18px;">  /// <summary>
        ///大批量数据插入,返回成功插入行数
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="table">数据表</param>
        /// <returns>返回成功插入行数</returns>
        public int BulkInsert(DataTable table)
        {
            return BulkInsert(ConnectionString, table);
        }
</span>

Panduanti.xml文件，用来获取表信息和数据类型的验证

<span style="font-family:KaiTi_GB2312;font-size:18px;"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<Excel name="判断题导入模板">
  <Sheet name="判断题"  table="t_sixiu_panduanti" primaryKey="QuestionID" pkType="int">
    <Column name="题号" field="QuestionID" isNecessary="true" >
      <DataType>int</DataType>
      <ForeignKey isExist="false"></ForeignKey>
    </Column>
    <Column name="章节" field="ChapterID" >
      <DataType>string</DataType>
      <ForeignKey isExist="false"></ForeignKey>
    </Column>
    <Column name="题型" field="QuestionTypeID" >
      <DataType>string</DataType>
      <ForeignKey isExist="false"></ForeignKey>
    </Column>
    <Column name="难度等级" field="Degree">
      <DataType>string</DataType>
      <ForeignKey isExist="false"></ForeignKey>
    </Column>
    <Column name="总分值" field="Fraction">
      <DataType>float</DataType>
      <ForeignKey isExist="false"></ForeignKey>
    </Column>
    <Column name="主题干" field="QuestionContent">
      <DataType>string</DataType>
      <ForeignKey isExist="false"></ForeignKey>
    </Column>
    <Column name="标准答案" field="CorrectAnswer">
      <DataType>string</DataType>
      <ForeignKey isExist="false"></ForeignKey>
    </Column>
    <Column name="有效性(T or F)" field="IsValid" >
      <DataType>string</DataType>
      <ForeignKey isExist="false"></ForeignKey>
    </Column>
    <Column name="是否为听力(T or F)" field="other2">
      <DataType>string</DataType>
      <ForeignKey isExist="false"></ForeignKey>
    </Column>
  </Sheet>
</Excel>
</span>
 这样就简单的实现了一个批量上传的功能，跟拼接insert语句比起来，我还是选择这样的方法，方便省事的批量插入。